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"AbstractMost cities in developing countries face inefficiency problem of waste collection service run by government. The purpose of this study is to estimate the efficiency of waste collection service and the capital cost requirement in 2019 to cover 100% waste collection service in Cilegon City. The efficiency is calculated by comparing the current costs with the optimization costs by the model of vehicle routing problem. The result shows that the obtained inefficiency reaches 37,48% which largely comes from the labor component. To cover all of resident in Cilegon City, the city needs to increase their budget allocation as much as IDR 33,884 billion in 2019. AbstrakSebagian besar kota di negara berkembang menghadapi permasalahan inefisiensi pengangkutan sampah yang dikelola pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi inefisiensi pengangkutan sampah di Kota Cilegon. Inefisiensi dihitung dengan membandingkan biaya saat ini dengan biaya hasil optimasi rute dengan model vehicle routing problem. Penelitian ini juga mengestimasi kebutuhan biaya modal jika rasio pengangkutan sampah mencapai 100% pada tahun 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inefisiensi sebesar 37,48%, yaitu porsi komponen tenaga kerja sebesar 94,48 dari total inefisiensi. Terkait kebutuhan modal, diperlukan kenaikan anggaran Rp33,884 miliar untuk meningkatkan rasio pengangkutan sampah menjadi 100% pada tahun 2019."

"Sebagian besar kota-kota di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia, menghadapi rendahnya cakupan layanan pengangkutan sampah. Layanan pengangkutan sampah yang sebagian besar dilakukan oleh pemerintah juga memiliki potensi tidak efisien dalam operasinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengestimasi inefisiensi layanan pengangkutan sampah dan kebutuhan biaya modal untuk mencapai 100 persen layanan pengangkutan sampah di Kota Cilegon sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam RPJMN (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional) untuk tahun 2019. Inefisiensi diukur dari selisih antara nilai estimasi biaya minimum yang paling mungkin dari layanan pengangkutan sampah dengan biaya operasi saat ini. Minimisasi biaya diperoleh dari model vehicle routing problem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inefisiensi yang terjadi mencapai 37 persen, yang sebagian besar berasal dari komponen tenaga kerja. Untuk melayani pengangkutan sampah bagi seluruh penduduk di Kota Cilegon, alokasi anggaran perlu ditingkatkan sebanyak Rp 34 miliar.

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Most cities in developing countries, including Indonesia, face a low coverage of waste collection service. The collection service that mostly carry out by government also has potential to be inefficient in their operation. The purposes of this study are to estimate the inefficiency of waste collection service and the capital cost requirement to cover 100 percent waste collection service in Cilegon City as mandated in RPJMN (National Medium-Term Development Plan) for year 2019. The inefficiency is measured by the deviation of estimate value of the most possible minimum cost of waste collection service with the current operation cost. The cost minimization is obtained from the model of vehicle routing problem.

The result shows that the inefficiency reaches 37 percent which largely comes from the labor component. To cover all of resident in Cilegon City, the City needs to increase their budget allocation as much as IDR 34 billion."

"Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan sumber daya mineral yang masih tergolong besar, diantaranya minyak. Minyak menjadi penting dalam perekonomian karena sektor ini memberi kontribusi yang masih cukup signifikan terhadap PDB, ekspor maupun pendapatan pemerintah. Selain itu, struktur energi primer Indonesia juga masih didominasi oleh minyak bumi.Sebagai sumber daya yang dapat habis dan tidak terbarukan, eksploitasi minyak bumi saat ini mengandung opportunity cost di mana akan mengurangi ketersediaan minyak bumi untuk generasi mendatang. Sehingga, pertanyaan yang dapat muncul kemudian adalah: Apakah minyak bumi dieksploitasi terlalu cepat atau terlalu lambat?Dengan menggunakan optimasi dinamik akan dilakukan simulasi yang menghasilkan alur ekstraksi (extraction path) yang optimal yang memaksimumkan nilai sekarang dan keuntungan netto akan extraksi minyak bumi. Hasil ini akan dibandingkan dengan tingkat produksi yang menggunakan perilaku ?business as usual?.Kesimpulan yang didapat dan simulasi adalah dalam skenario optimal, cadangan akan lebih cepat habis dibandingkan skenario biasa (business as usual), walaupun profit yang didapat lebih tinggi. Beberapa faktor yang harus dipertimbangkan dalam membandingkan hasil ini kemudian adalah penerimaan pemenintah, cadangan devisa dan kapasitas terpasang dan pengeboran minyak."

"The aim of this research is to analyze the role of intangible asset in improving organizational performance of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in manufacture sector in Palu. This research was designed as explanatory research. The sample was determined using stratified proportional random sampling and consists of 175 units of SMEs. The data collected by questionnaire to the directors of the SMEs were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This research has successfully proved the role of intangible asset in improving organizational performance through the role of social capital; it is by moderating the influence of business networking and organizational learning to the organizational performance of SME`s."

"Studi ini hendak menganalisa dampak dan kebijakan harga energi Indonesia terhadap perekonomian kota Jakarta; khususnya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga miskin. Studi ini juga berusaha memformulasikan kebijakan regional yang penting bagi Jakarta untuk menurunkan dampak negative dan kebijakan energi nasional ini terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga miskin. Untuk mencapai tujuan ini, dibangun sebuah model CGE (computable general equilibrium) regional. Model ini merupakan model CGE pertama di Indonesia yang dikembangkan untuk sebuah kota."

"AbstractIndonesia is among the few countries that adopts dual banking system where Islamic banks run in parallel and compete with conventional banks. Although under such a system banking competition would be expected to be high, data tend to show the opposite case, as three Islamics banks acquired 65 percent of market share in Indonesia. This study, therefore, attempts to determine the degree of banking competition in Indonesia by employing the Panzar-Rosse Model for 2003-2008 period. The study also analyses the competitive behaviors of Islamic banks and compares it with those of its conventional counterparts. The estimated model suggests that monopolistic competition exists in the overall banking industry?the degree is even slightly higher for Islamic banking, where the market is characterized by aggressive competition for funding, quality human resources, and financing. Such competition occurs due to, among others, small market size, low consumer base, lack of product variations, and lack of competent human resources. These should be a major concern for all Islamics banking stakeholders for developing a better Islamic banking industry, particularly in Indonesia."

"Using the non-parametric method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the parametric method of Stochastic Frontier Approach (SPA), this study investigates the efficiency of the Islamic Banking recent operations in Indonesia over the period 2005 to 2007. In specifying input-output variables of Islamic banks, the intermediation approach is selected as it is in line with the principle of Islamic financial system. The attributions of technical efficiency (utilization of capacity) and scale efficiency (optimality of scale achieved) are identified. The principal findings for the period under study indicated that technical and scale efficiency scores are improving but 100 percent optimal during research period. According to SFA approach, closer to 100 percent means a bank acts efficiently. Overall, the result shows that Islamic banks suffer slight inefficiencies during the period 2005-2007, and tend to be increasing. The study has several important policy implications to offer, one of which is that it could be taken as a guideline for the Indonesian government to chart a policy on banking deregulation and mergers. Moreover, the study provides some information and identifies the source of inefficiency, vyhich could, in turn, be used to assist banks? managements to overcome the problems of inefficiency."

"This study estimates the banking efficiency in the Province of West Sumatera for the years of 2007-2008. Using 19 samples of commercial banks, the estimation applies the Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) model in order to analyze the cost efficiency of commercial banks. This study finds that the bank's cost function is significantly affected by price of labors, price of funds, and loans. The results of the banking efficiency estimation show that in annually almost banks have more than 80 percent of the efficiency level. In the average estimation, it also shows the same result. By dividing banks into groups, the estimation shows that the government bank is more efficient than the national private bank."

"Peran kota sebagai pusat aktivitas utama ekonomi dewasa ini, menjadi daya tarik mengapa pertumbuhan kota perlu diperhatikan. Kota memiliki populasi yang besar, dan cenderung meningkat pesat dari waktu ke waktu. Makalah ini mengkaji faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan pertumbuhan kota, serta mengkaji pola pertumbuhan kota di Indonesia.Pertumbuhan kota diukur menggunakan pertumbuhan populasi dan angkatan kerja. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan kepadatan penduduk dan spesialisasi ekonomi secara negatif signifikan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kota. Sedangkan primacy, manufaktur dan tingkat pendidikan secara positif signfikan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kota.Selain itu, pendapatan dan pengeluaran pemerintah tidak signifikan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan kota. Demikian pula, variabel geografis dan ukuran kota, yang juga tidak signifikan berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan kota."

"Lucas - Rapping model is considered as successful model to explain the labor force in America. We are apply this model on Indonesian case to analyze the fluctuation of labor force and to know wether the shift on labor supply and unemployment is a function of current real wage or not. We also intend to analyze behaviour of household to respond the real wage change. From demand side, we can trace out how deep the education role on labor force quality. The conclusion may be helpfull on determining appropriate policy on education sector. We use data from BPS including Indikator Ekonomi dan Keuangan, Statistik Ketenagakerjaan (Sakernas), Keadaan Pekerja/Karyawan di Indonesia, Survei Sosial dan Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) or Survei Penduduk Nasional (Supas). The rest of data is collected from international sources such as Summers Hestona PennWorld Table, data Barro and Lee and data Bank Dunia."