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Gandi Haryono

Perbedaan ekspresi chromogranin a pada adenokarsinoma prostat berdiferensiasi baik, sedang dan buruk = Difference expression of chromogranin a in prostate adenocarcinoma well moderately and poor differentiated

"Latar belakang: Kanker prostat merupakan tumor ganas terbanyak ketiga pria di dunia. Penyebabnya dipengaruhi faktor usia, genetik, ras, hormonal, diet dan lingkungan. Kanker prostat dapat mengalami Neuroendocrine Differentiation NED , meningkat pada kanker prostat berdiferensiasi buruk terutama yang tidak merespon baik terhadap terapi hormonal. NED akan menentukan prognosis dan pemilihan alternatif terapi.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan ekspresi Chromogranin A CgA pada adenokarsinoma prostat berdiferensiasi baik, sedang dan buruk serta kaitannya dengan derajat keganasan berdasarkan grading tumor yang diharapkan dapat menentukan prognosis dan pemilihan alternatif terapi.Metode: Studi potong lintang terhadap jaringan biopsi yang difiksasi formalin, diletakkan dalam parafin dari pasien dengan adenokarsinoma prostat berdiferensiasi baik, sedang dan buruk. Sampel penelitian dipulas dengan pewarnaan imunohistokimia CgA, diidentifikasi dan dianalisa hubungan ekspresi CgA berdasarkan usia, diagnosis histopatologik, grade groups, skor Gleason dan kadar PSA.Hasil: Ekspresi CgA positif dengan median 40 0,4-100 banyak terjadi pada kelompok usia 7. Ekspresi CgA positif dengan median 35,4 0,4-88,6 banyak terjadi dengan kadar PSA > 52,4 ?g/ml. Didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara ekspresi CgA dengan diagnosis histopatologik, grade groups dan skor Gleason p = 0, 006;p = 0,021;p = 0,006 . Tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara ekspresi CgA dengan usia dan kadar PSA p = 0,412;p = 0.969 . Kesimpulan: Terdapat kecenderungan positivitas ekspresi CgA lebih banyak terjadi pada kasus adenokarsinoma prostat berdiferensiasi buruk dengan grade tinggi, yang dapat mempengaruhi prognosis dan pemilihan alternatif terapi.Kata kunci: Ekspresi Chromogranin A, adenokarsinoma prostat, grade groups, skor Gleason.

Background Prostate cancer is the third most common malignant tumor in men worldwide. Predisposing factors of prostate cancer are influenced by age, genetics, race, hormonal, diet and environment. Prostate cancer may undergo Neuroendocrine Differentiation NED , and it found to be increase in poorly differentiated type of prostate cancer, especially who do not respond well to hormonal therapy. NED will determine the prognosis and selection of therapeutic alternatives.Objective To determine differences in expression of Chromogranin A CgA in prostate adenocarcinoma well, moderately and poor differentiated and its relationship to the tumour grading, and its effect on determining prognosis and selecting therapeutic alternatives.Methods A cross sectional study conducted to formalin fixed paraffin embedded biopsy tissue that are taken from a patient with prostate adenocarcinoma well, moderately and poor differentiated. The sample are immunohistochemical stained with CgA, identified and analyzed. The reviewed and analized it rsquo s relationship to the parameter on age, histopathological diagnosis, grade groups, Gleason score and PSA level.Results Chromogranin A positive expression with median 40 0.4 100 was found in the age 7 of prostate adenocarcinoma. CgA positive expression with median 35.4 0.4 88, 6 was found with PSA level 52.4 g ml. There were a significant difference between CgA expression with histopathological diagnosis, grade groups and Gleason score p 0, 006 p 0.021 p 0.006 . There were no significant difference between CgA expression with age and PSA level p 0.412 p 0969 .Conclusion There is a statistically significant difference of CgA expression with histopathologycal diagnosis and grade groups of prostate adenocarcinoma that reflect a worse prognosis in CgA positive group among prostate adenocarcinoma, which will need alternative therapies beside widely used hormonal therapy.Keywords Expression Chromogranin A, prostate adenocarcinoma, grade groups, Gleason score."

Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016

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UI - Tugas Akhir Universitas Indonesia Library

Kartika Widya Rukmi

Korelasi ekspresi androgen receptor dan ekspresi chromogranin a pada adenokarsinoma prostat di RSUPN. Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo = Correlation of androgen receptor expression and chromogranin a expression in prostate adenocarcinoma at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo

"ABSTRAK

Latar belakang : Insiden Adenokarsinoma di RSCM meningkat pada periode 2001-2006 dibanding periode sebelumnya 1995-2000 . Banyak penderita yang resisten terhadap pengobaan hormonal. Resistensi ini diduga akibat sel tumor mengalami transformasi Neuroendokrin. Akan dilakukan penelitian untuk melihat ekspresi Androgen Receptor AR dan Chromogranin A CgA pada adenokarsinoma prostat di RSCM tahun 2011-2015.Tujuan : Membuktikan korelasi ekspresi AR dan CgA dengan derajat keganasan.Metode : Studi potong lintang analitik terhadap 70 kasus adenokarsinoma prostat di departemen PA FKUI/RSCM tahun 2011-2015. Kasus dipulas imunohistokimia AR dan Cg A serta dilakukan interpretasi hasil. AR dinilai prosentase positivitasnya pada inti epitel dan stromal. CgA dinilai prosentase positivitasnya pada sitoplasma. Uji korelasi dilakukan untuk melihat kemaknaan dan kekuatan korelasi antar variabel terikat.Hasil : Karakteristik sampel usia 47,1 >70 tahun; diferensiasi histopatologik/skor gleason 42,9 buruk/>7, grade group 28,6 grade5 dan PSA 64,3 dalam rentang 11-100ng/ml. Ekspresi CgA berkorelasi negatif lemah dengan ekspresi AR epitel r=-0,288;p=0,016 . Ekspresi CgA tidak berkorelasi dengan ekspresi AR stromal p=0,886 . Terdapat hubungan bermakna ekspresi AR epitel dengan grade group p=0,003 . Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna ekspresi AR epitel dengan usia, diferensiasi histopatologik/skor gleason dan PSA. Ekspresi CgA berhubungan bermakna dengan diferensiasi histopatologik/skor gleason dan grade group p=0,018;p=0,038 . Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna ekspresi CgA dengan usia dan PSA. Ekspresi AR stromal tidak berhubungan bermakna dengan usia, diferensiasi histopatologik, grade group, skor gleason, maupun PSA.Kesimpulan : Terdapat korelasi yang lemah antara AR dan CgA sehingga pulasan AR dan CgA dapat dipakai untuk pemilihan terapi.

ABSTRACT

Background Prevalence of prostate adenocarcinoma doubled in 2001 2006 compared to 1995 2000 in RSCM. Many patients resistant to hormonal treatment. This resistance is thought to be due to tumor cells undergoing neuroendocrine transformation. Study will be conducted to analyze the expression of Androgen Receptor AR and Chromogranin A CgA in prostate adenocarcinoma at RSCM in 2011 2015. Objective To prove correlation of expression of AR and CgA with degree of malignancy. Methods A cross sectional study was carried out on 70 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma in department of Anatomic Pathology FKUI RSCM from 2011 2015. AR expressed in stromal and epithelial nuclei, CgA expressed in cytoplasm. Statistical tests used to discover significance and correlation between the dependent variables. Results Most samples are more than 70 years old 47,1 , has poor histologic gleason score 42.9 , are in clinical grade 5 28.6 , and has PSA score range between 11 100 ng ml. CgA expression negatively correlates to epithelial AR expression r 0,288 p 0.016 , while no correlation are found between CgA expression and stromal AR expression p 0.886 . There is significant difference between epithelial AR expression with grade group p 0.003 , but not with age, histopathologic differentiation Gleason score and PSA. There are significant difference between CgA expression and histopathologic differentiation grade group and Gleason score p 0.018 p 0.038 , but not with age and PSA. No significant difference observed between stromal AR expression with age, histopathologic differentiation gleason score, grade group or PSA. Conclusion There rsquo s a weak correlation between AR and CgA so that AR and CgA expression can be used for the selection of therapy. "

2017

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Feriandri Utomo

Analisis ekspresi transporter zink (ZnT-1) sebagai faktor prognosis adenokarsinoma prostat = Expression analysis of zinc transporter (ZnT-1) as prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma

"[ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Penurunan kadar Zink (Zn) pada prostat berkorelasi dengan peningkatan skor Gleason adenokarsinoma prostat dan menyebabkan rendahnya Caspase-3 sebagai eksekutor apoptosis. Tingkat ekspresi transporter Zn pada sel tumor prostat berhubungan dengan tingkat keganasannya. ZnT-1 merupakan transporter Zn ke luar sel prostat, sedangkan ZIP-1 merupakan transporter Zn ke dalam sel prostat. Ekspresi ZIP-1 turun pada adenokarsinoma prostat. Korelasi ZnT-1, ZIP-1 dan Caspase-3 diduga berpengaruh dalam karsinogenesis prostat, sehingga berpotensi untuk menjadi faktor prognosis adenokarsinoma prostat. Tujuan: Mempelajari korelasi ekspresi ZnT-1 dan aktivasi Caspase-3 terhadap skor Gleason, menganalisis korelasi ekspresi ZIP-1, ZnT-1 dan aktivasi Caspase- 3, serta mengetahui profil ekspresi ZnT-1 pada jaringan adenokarsinoma prostat yang berbeda skor Gleason, dibandingkan dengan jaringan Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH),

Desain: Studi retrospektif analitik potong lintang. Metode: Sampel penelitian ini adalah 31 blok parafin prostat yang dikelompokkan menjadi BPH, adenokarsinoma prostat skor Gleason ≤ 7 dan skor Gleason > 7. Ekspresi ZnT-1 dinilai dengan pulasan imunohistokimia. Data ekspresi ZIP-1 dan Caspase-3 merupakan data sekunder dari penelitian Septiawan et al. Hasil: Ekspresi ZnT-1 berkorelasi dengan skor Gleason adenokarsinoma prostat. Ekspresi ZIP-1 berkorelasi dengan aktivasi Caspase-3 pada adenokarsinoma prostat dan adenokarsinoma prostat skor Gleason ≤ 7. Ekspresi ZnT-1 berkorelasi dengan ekspresi ZIP-1 pada adenokarsinoma prostat skor Gleason > 7. Ekspresi ZIP-1 berkorelasi kuat dengan aktivasi Caspase-3 pada adenokarsinoma prostat skor Gleason 8. Ekspresi ZnT-1 pada adenokarsinoma prostat skor Gleason > 7 lebih rendah dibandingkan pada skor Gleason ≤ 7, tetapi tidak dapat dianalisis kemaknaan perbedaannya dengan BPH karena hanya diperoleh 1 sampel BPH pada penelitian ini. Kesimpulan: Transporter Zn berpotensi untuk menjadi faktor prognosis adenokarsinoma prostat.

ABSTRACT

Background: Decreased levels of Zinc ( Zn ) in the prostate correlates with an increase in the grade Gleason score of prostate adenocarcinoma and decrease in Caspase-3 as apoptosis executor. Zn transporter expression levels in prostate tumor cells associates with the level of malignancy. The ZnT-1 is Zn exporter, while the ZIP-1 is Zn importer of prostate cells. ZIP-1 expression drops on adenocarcinoma prostate. Correlation ZnT-1, ZIP-1 and Caspase-3 allegedly influential in prostate carcinogenesis and potential to be prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To analyze the correlation ZnT-1 and Caspase-3 activation of the gleason score, to analyze the correlation of the expression of ZIP-1, ZnT-1 and Caspase-3 activation in adenocarcinoma prostate, and to study the profile expression of ZnT-1 in prostate adenocarcinoma with different grading of Gleason scores, compared with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH),

Design: A cross-sectional retrospective study analytic . Methodology: The sample is 31 paraffin blocks were grouped into BPH, prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored ≤ 7 and prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored > 7. Samples are analyzed expression of ZnT-1 by immunohistochemical staining. ZIP-1 and Caspase-3 expression is secondary data of Septiawan et al?s immunohistochemical staining. Results: ZnT-1 expression correlated with gleason score. ZIP-1 correlated with the activation of Caspase-3 in prostate adenocarcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score ≤ 7. ZnT-1 correlated with ZIP-1 in prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score > 7. ZnT-1 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored > 7 was lower than prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score ≤ 7, but could not be analyzed the difference significance with BPH because there was only 1 BPH sample in this research. Conclusion: Zn transporters have the potential to be a prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma.;Background: Decreased levels of Zinc ( Zn ) in the prostate correlates with an increase in the grade Gleason score of prostate adenocarcinoma and decrease in Caspase-3 as apoptosis executor. Zn transporter expression levels in prostate tumor cells associates with the level of malignancy. The ZnT-1 is Zn exporter, while the ZIP-1 is Zn importer of prostate cells. ZIP-1 expression drops on adenocarcinoma prostate. Correlation ZnT-1, ZIP-1 and Caspase-3 allegedly influential in prostate carcinogenesis and potential to be prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma.

Design: A cross-sectional retrospective study analytic . Methodology: The sample is 31 paraffin blocks were grouped into BPH, prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored ≤ 7 and prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored > 7. Samples are analyzed expression of ZnT-1 by immunohistochemical staining. ZIP-1 and Caspase-3 expression is secondary data of Septiawan et al’s immunohistochemical staining. Results: ZnT-1 expression correlated with gleason score. ZIP-1 correlated with the activation of Caspase-3 in prostate adenocarcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score ≤ 7. ZnT-1 correlated with ZIP-1 in prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score > 7. ZnT-1 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored > 7 was lower than prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score ≤ 7, but could not be analyzed the difference significance with BPH because there was only 1 BPH sample in this research. Conclusion: Zn transporters have the potential to be a prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma.;Background: Decreased levels of Zinc ( Zn ) in the prostate correlates with an increase in the grade Gleason score of prostate adenocarcinoma and decrease in Caspase-3 as apoptosis executor. Zn transporter expression levels in prostate tumor cells associates with the level of malignancy. The ZnT-1 is Zn exporter, while the ZIP-1 is Zn importer of prostate cells. ZIP-1 expression drops on adenocarcinoma prostate. Correlation ZnT-1, ZIP-1 and Caspase-3 allegedly influential in prostate carcinogenesis and potential to be prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma.

Design: A cross-sectional retrospective study analytic . Methodology: The sample is 31 paraffin blocks were grouped into BPH, prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored ≤ 7 and prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored > 7. Samples are analyzed expression of ZnT-1 by immunohistochemical staining. ZIP-1 and Caspase-3 expression is secondary data of Septiawan et al’s immunohistochemical staining. Results: ZnT-1 expression correlated with gleason score. ZIP-1 correlated with the activation of Caspase-3 in prostate adenocarcinoma and prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score ≤ 7. ZnT-1 correlated with ZIP-1 in prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score > 7. ZnT-1 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason scored > 7 was lower than prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason score ≤ 7, but could not be analyzed the difference significance with BPH because there was only 1 BPH sample in this research. Conclusion: Zn transporters have the potential to be a prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma., Background: Decreased levels of Zinc ( Zn ) in the prostate correlates with an increase in the grade Gleason score of prostate adenocarcinoma and decrease in Caspase-3 as apoptosis executor. Zn transporter expression levels in prostate tumor cells associates with the level of malignancy. The ZnT-1 is Zn exporter, while the ZIP-1 is Zn importer of prostate cells. ZIP-1 expression drops on adenocarcinoma prostate. Correlation ZnT-1, ZIP-1 and Caspase-3 allegedly influential in prostate carcinogenesis and potential to be prognostic factor of prostate adenocarcinoma.

Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2014

T58771

UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Mohamad Yanuar Amal

Perbedaan Rasio Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Tumor Prostat Terhadap Derajat Keganasan Adenokarsinoma Asinar Prostat Pada Pemeriksaan Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1,5 Tesla Menggunakan Body Coil = Differences Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Ratio in determining the Degree of Adenocarcinoma Acinar Prostate using 1.5 Tesla MRI Prostate Examination with Body Coil

"Latar Belakang:Kanker prostat merupakan keganasan ketiga yang paling sering ditemukan di Indonesia. Sekitar 90-95% kanker prostat adalah adenokarsinoma asinar. Prognosis kanker prostat dan strategi tatalaksana didasarkan pada derajat keganasan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk evaluasi rasio ADC dalam menentukan agresivitas kanker prostat.

Metode:Sebanyak 32 sampel kanker prostat dari zona perifer yang terbukti dengan biopsi dan telah dilakukan pemeriksaan MRI 1,5T dengan body coil. Rasio ADC dihitung menggunakan nilai ADC tumor dengan urin di vesika urinaria, otot obturator, dan ramus pubis sebagai referensi. Analisis rasio ADC dengan hasil histopatologi grade group <2 dan >3 menggunakan student t. Kurva ROC digunakan untuk akurasi diagnostik rasio ADC dalam menentukan grade group.

Hasil:Terdapat 12 dan 20 sampel grade group <2 dan >3. Rasio ADC tumor-urin 0,24, tumor-obturator internus 0,64, dan tumor-ramus pubis 0,85, lebih rendah dan bermakna pada pasien dengan grade group >3 (p <0,005). AUC dihitung menggunakan rasio ADC tumor-urin menunjukkan hasil tertinggi (0,988) di antara rasio ADC tumor-obturator internus (0,887) dan tumor-ramus pubis (0,783).Kesimpulan:Ketiga rasio ADC berbeda bermakna dalam membedakan grade group<2 dan grade group>3, serta merupakan prediktor signifikan dari kanker prostatgrade group >3.

Background: Prostate cancer is the third most common malignancy in Indonesia. Approximately 90-95% of prostate cancers are adenocarcinoma acinar. Prostate cancer prognosis and treatment strategies are based on degree of malignancy. Objective of this study was to evaluate the ADC ratio in determining the aggressiveness of prostate cancer.
Method: Thirty two prostate cancer samples from peripheral zones were proven by biopsy and 1.5T MRI examination was performed with body coil. ADC ratio was calculated using ADC value of tumor with urine in bladder, obturator muscle, and pubic ramus as a reference. Analysis ADC ratio with grade group <2 and >3 using a student T-test. The ROC curve is used for the accuracy of ADC ratio in determining the grade group.
Results: Twelve and 20 samples of grade group <2 and >3. Three ADC ratio (0.24, 0.64, and 0.85, respecively) lower in grade group >3 (p <0.002). AUC was calculated, ratio ADC tumor-urine show the highest results (0.988) among tumor-internal obturator (0.887) and tumor-pubic ramus (0.783).
Conclusion: Three ADC ratio have differed significantly in distinguishing grade group <2 and >3, and were a significant predictor of grade group >3 prostate cancer."

Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2018

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UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library

Aditya D. Septiawan

Analysis expression of ZIP1 and caspase-3 protein in adenocarsinoma of the prostate / Aditya D Septiawan, Ria Kodariah, Meilania Saraswati

"Objective: Carcinogenesis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate occurs due to dysregulation of zinc level within the cells.

Intracellular zinc molecules influx is regulated by a transporter protein ZIP1, whose non-presence is predicted to inhibit

apoptosis, thus leads to the development of prostate adenocarcinoma. Methods: This study was aimed to analyze the

correlation of ZIP1 and Caspase-3 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma on its grading as represented by Gleason

Score. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective analytical study on 31 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue that

meets inclusion criteria. The specimen was stained using the immune-histochemistry technique for ZIP1 and Caspase-3.

Protein expression of each case was counted using ImageJ analysis. Gleason score was acquired as secondary data from

the cases’s reports. The correlation of their expression with respect to Gleason score was analyzed with Pearson’s

correlation using SPSS 11.5. Results: Mean expression level of ZIP1 and Caspase-3 in prostate adenocarcinoma were

35% and 33%, respectively. There was a significantly positive correlation between ZIP1 and Caspase-3 expression

(r = 0.379; p = 0.018). However, their correlation was stronger in intermediate-grade group (r = 0.73; p = 0.01) and the

correlation was much weaker in high-grade group (r = 0.04; p = 0.48). Conclusions: There was a positive correlation

between ZIP1 and Caspase-3 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma."

Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016

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Artikel Jurnal Universitas Indonesia Library

Jessica Prisscila

Profil Ekspresi pVHL (von Hippel-Lindau Gene Product) pada Adenokarsinoma Duktal Pankreas dan Pankreas Non-Neoplastik serta Hubungannya dengan Profil Klinikopatologi = The von Hippel-Lindau Gene Product (pVHL) Expression Profile in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Non-Neoplastic Pancreatic Tissue and Its Correlation with Clinicopathological Factors

"Keganasan pankreas merupakan keganasan dengan angka kematian yang tinggi, dengan Adenokarsinoma Duktal Pankreas/Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) mencakup 85-90% kasus. PDAC memiliki perjalanan penyakit yang sangat agresif, dan seringkali baru terdiagnosis pada stadium lanjut. Penegakan diagnosis pasti PDAC seringkali hanya dapat dilakukan melalui sediaan terbatas baik berupa biopsi maupun endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/EUS-FNA. Salah satu tantangannya adalah membedakan PDAC dari jaringan pankreas non-neoplastik/reaktif. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai peran von Hippel-Lindau gene product/pVHL dalam membedakan PDAC dengan jaringan pankreas non-neoplastik, serta hubungannya dengan profil klinikopatologiradira PDAC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional pada kasus PDAC dan jaringan pankreas non-neoplastik yang dilakukan di RSCM pada sampel yang diperoleh pada bulan Januari 2012 hingga September 2023. Sampel penelitian dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok besar, yaitu kelompok PDAC dan pankreas non-neoplastik. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan simple random sampling dari kasus-kasus yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak termasuk dalam kriteria eksklusi. Dilakukan pulasan imunohistokimia pVHL dan perhitungan Histoscore/H-score serta penentuan cut-offnya untuk membagi ekspresi pVHL menjadi tinggi dan rendah dan hubungannya dengan PDAC dan non-neoplastik, serta profil klinikopatologi pada kelompok PDAC. Penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan ekspresi pVHL pada kelompok PDAC dan non-neoplastik, dan staging pN memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan ekspresi pVHL pada PDAC. Ekspresi pVHL yang rendah lebih banyak ditemukan pada PDAC berdiferensiasi sedang, tidak ditemukan invasi limfovaskular maupun invasi perineural, memiliki batas sayatan yang tidak bebas, memiliki staging pT2, pN0, M0, dan kesintasan > 7 bulan. Sebaliknya, ekspresi pVHL yang tinggi juga lebih banyak ditemukan pada PDAC berdiferensiasi sedang, ditemukan invasi limfovaskular, tidak ditemukan invasi perineural, status batas sayatan yang bebas, staging pT2 dan pT3, pN1 dan pN2, M0, dengan kesintasan ≤ 7 bulan. Temuan ini berbeda dengan penelitian sebelumnya yang mendapati hilangnya ekspresi pVHL pada tumor PDAC, dan sebaliknya pada duktus pankreas non-neoplastik. Hal ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh perbedaan klon antibodi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dibandingkan dengan penelitian sebelumnya. Klon antibodi yang digunakan adalah VHL40, sedangkan penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya menggunakan klon FL-181 yang berikatan dengan asam amino yang berbeda dan memiliki klonalitas yang berbeda pula. Selain itu, pada PDAC dapat terjadi mutasi pada gen VHL yang menghasilkan protein VHL yang non-fungsional yang kemungkinan masih dapat terdeteksi dengan ikatan antigen-antibodi pada penelitian ini.

Pancreatic malignancy is a malignancy with a high mortality rate, with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) accounting for 85-90% of cases. PDAC has a very aggressive disease course, and is often only diagnosed at an advanced stage. Establishing a definite diagnosis of PDAC can often only be done through limited sample from biopsy or endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/EUS-FNA. In such limited sample, differentiating PDAC from non-neoplastic/reactive pancreatic tissue can be challenging. This research will discuss the role of von Hippel-Lindau gene product/pVHL in PDAC and non-neoplastic pancreatic tissue, as well as their relationship with PDAC pathological factors. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design on cases of PDAC and non-neoplastic pancreatic tissue conducted at RSCM on samples obtained from January 2012 to September 2023. The research samples were divided into 2 large groups, namely the PDAC and non-neoplastic pancreatic groups. Sample selection was carried out using simple random sampling from cases that met the inclusion criteria and were not included in the exclusion criteria. Immunohistochemistry of pVHL was performed along with calculation of Histoscore/H-score and determination of cut-offs to divide pVHL expression into high and low and its relationship with PDAC and non-neoplastic, as well as pathological factors in the PDAC group. This study shows that there is no difference in pVHL expression in the PDAC and non-neoplastic groups, and pN staging has a significant relationship with pVHL expression in PDAC. Low pVHL expression is more often found in moderately differentiated PDAC, no lymphovascular invasion or perineural invasion, non-free incision margins, staging pT2, pN0, M0, and survival > 7 months. In contrast, high pVHL expression was also found more frequently in moderately differentiated PDAC, lymphovascular invasion was found, no perineural invasion was found, free incision margin status, pT2 and pT3 staging, pN1 and pN2, M0, with survival ≤ 7 months. This finding is different from previous studies which found loss of pVHL expression in PDAC tumors, and vice versa. This difference in results is likely due to differences in the antibody clones used in this study compared to previous studies. The antibody clone used was VHL40, whereas previous studies used the FL-181 clone which binds to different amino acids and has different clonality. In addition, in PDAC there is a mutation in the VHL gene which may produce a non-functional VHL protein that still be detectable by antigen-antibody binding in this study."

Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2023

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UI - Tugas Akhir Universitas Indonesia Library

Diah Setiawati

Ekspresi HER2 pada Adenokarsinoma Gaster dan hubungannya dengan tipe Histopatologik dan derajat Diferensiasi = HER2 expression in Gastric Adenocarcinoma and relation with Histologic type and Grading

"Latar Belakang: Karsinoma gaster merupakan tumor ganas yang paling sering di daerah gastrointestinal atas. Menurut data epidemiologi adenokarsinoma gaster menunjukkan perkembangan kanker tipe intestinal dan kanker tipe difus melalui jalur kausa yang berbeda dan juga akhir-akhir ini pengobatan terapi target untuk adenokarsinoma telah diketahui dan dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ekspresi HER2 dengan tipe histopatologik menurut klasifikasi Lauren dan derajat diferensiasi pada adenokarsinoma gaster.

Bahan dan cara kerja: Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI RSCM Jakarta, dengan melakukan analisis ekspresi HER2 untuk melihat hubungannya dengan tipe histopatologik dan derajat diferensiasi adenokarsinoma gaster yang diperoleh secara reseksi dan biopsi sejak tahun 2007-2011. Penilaian tipe histopatologik dengan menggunakan pulasan Hematoxillin Eosin dan penilaian ekspresi HER2 dengan menggunakan pulasan imunohistokimia HER2.

Hasil: Dari tahun 2007-2011 diperoleh 55 kasus (76,4% laki-laki dan 23,6% wanita). Rata-rata umur penderita 50,55 tahun (rentang umur 29-73 tahun). Ekspresi HER2 3+, 2+, dan 1+ didapatkan pada 14,5%, 34,5%, dan 25,5% sampel. Sebanyak 25,5% sampel tidak menunjukkan ekspresi HER2. Ekspresi berlebih HER2 (3+) didapatkan pada 8 kasus (14,5%) adenokarsinoma gaster, yang seluruhnya adalah tipe intestinal .

Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi HER2 dengan tipe histopatologik (p= 0,021). Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi HER2 dengan derajat diferensiasi tumor (p=0,253).

Background: Gastric carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor in upper gastrointestinal. According to epidemiologic data, gastric adenocarcinoma intestinal type and diffuse type showed different carcinogenesis. Recently, targeting therapy for adenocarcinoma has established. The aim of the study to know the relationship between HER2 expression and histopathologic type according to Lauren's classification and grading of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Patient and method: This study has done in Anatomical Pathology department of medicine University Indonesia/ Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta. HER2 expression is analyzed to see the relationship with histopathologic type and differentiation of gastric adenocarcinoma. The specimens were from resection and biopsy (2007-2011). Histopathologic type evaluated with Hematoxylin Meyer's staining. HER2 expression evaluated with immunostaining with HER2 antibody.

Results: We found 55 cases from 2007 until 2011 (76,4% men and 23,6% women). The mean age is 50,55 years (the range of age 29-73 years). HER2 expression 3+,2+ and 1+ are 14,5%, 34,5%, and 25,5% sampling. 25% sample did not show HER2 expression. We found overexpression HER2 (3+) in 8 cases (14,5%) of adenocarcinoma gastric intestinal type.

Conclusion: There is a significant relation between HER2 expression with histopathologic type (p=0,021). There is no significant relation between HER2 with grading (p=0,253)."

Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2013

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Rusmala Dewi

Analisis Praktik Residensi Keperawatan Medikal Bedah pada Pasien Adenokarsinoma Paru Sinistra Stage IV Berdasarkan Teori Self-Care Dorothea Orem di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta = Medical Surgical Nursing Practical Residency, Analysis for Patients with Left Lung Stave IV Using Dorothea Orem Self-Care Model Approach at Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta

"Perawat residensi spesialis medikal bedah kekhususan respirasi yang melakukan praktik di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta diharapkan dapat menerapkan proses asuhan keperawatan profesional dalam mengatasi masalah pernapasan yang dialami pasien untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan kesehatan. Kompetensiyang harus dimiliki perawat spesialis diantaranya melakukan asuhan keperawatan profesional dan advokasi, berperan sebagai konsultan keperawatan Clinical Care Manajer (CCM ) bagi staf keperawatan dan pemberi terapi keperawatan kepada pasien. menjadi peneliti dan menerapkan evidence-based nursing practice (EBN), memimpin perubahan (inovator), Kompetensi tersebut sejalan dengan kompetensi yang telah dicapai pada praktik residensi ini. Peran pertama yaitu memberikan asuhan keperawatanprofesional pada pasien utama kanker paru dan 30 kasus resume menggunakan pendekatan teori Self Care Dorothea Orem. bertujuan untuk membantu individu kegiatan memenuhi kebutuhan dalam mempertahankan kehidupan, kesehatan dan kesejahteraan individu baik dalam keadaan sehat maupun sakit yang dilakukan oleh individu itu sendiri. Pasien dengan diagnosa kanker paru, untuk mengetahui stadium nodul kanker parunya. Maka dokter akan melakukan prosedur bronkoskopi. Pasien yang akan menjalani prosedur bronkoskopi, 57.2% pasien merasa takut/cemas. Pada penerapan Evidence Base Nursing (EBN), residen melakukan penerapan pemberian terapi musik binaural beat untuk mengurangi kecemasan pada pasien yang menjalani prosedur bronkoskopi. Hasil penerapan EBN menunjukan bahwa penerapan pemberian terapi musik binaural beat signifikan dalam menurunkan skor kecemasan pasien yang menjalani prosedur bronkoskopi. Implementasi proyek inovasi booklet bundle tracheostomy. Tujuan dari inovasi ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan dan pengetahuan perawat dalam melakukan perawatan trakeostomi. serta perawat dapat memberikan edukasi terhadap pasien dalam melakukan perawatan trakeostomi secara mandiri.

Competencies that are required with specialized nurse is to be able do professional nursing care plan, to advocate, to act as nursing consultant in Clinical Care Manager (CCM) for other nursing staff, to give therapy for patients, to be a a researcher and implement evidence-based nursing (EBN) practice, and to be an innovator. These competencies is in line with the competencies that was achieved during this residency practical. The first role is to give professional care plan for patients with primarily lung cancer and 30 case-resumes with the Dorothea Orem Self Care Theory approach, aiming to help individuals with life-sustaining needs, health care needs, and welfare needs during health condition or during illness of the individual. To know the stage of the lung cancer nodules for lung cancer diagnostics, the doctor is required to do bronchoscopy procedure. 57.2% of patients that will undergo bronchoscopy procedure felt scared or worried. In this implementation of Evidence-Based Nursing (EBN), binaural beat music therapy was given for the patients that will be having bronchoscopy procedure to help to reduce the patient's anxiety. The results of the EBN showed that giving binaural beat musical therapy significantly reduced the anxiety score for lung cancer patients that is undergoing bronchoscopy procedure. To implement the innovation project of Tracheostomy Bundle Booklet. The aim for this innovation is to increase the knowledge and ability for nurses to be able to do tracheostomy care. In addition, nurses will be able to educate patients and their families to do tracheostomy care independently if needed for home care."

Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2024

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Fedry Yance

Hubungan antara kejadian retensi urin dengan besarnya volume prostat dan prostat intravesika pada pasien pembesaran prostat jinak

"Pembesaran Prostat Jinak ( PPJ ) merupakan penyakit yang tersering kedua di klinik urologi di Indonesia setelah batu saluran kemih. Penyakit ini mengenai laki-laki terutama mulai dari dekade kelima dan prevalensinya meningkat dengan makin bertambahnya umur. Gejala pada PPJ berhubungan dengan meningkatnya jumlah sel-sel epitel dan peningkatan tonus otot polos yang berada pada kelenjar prostat, leher kandung kemih dan kapsul prostat yang diatur oleh saraf otonom. Pada awalnya pembesaran prostat tersebut menekan uretra dan selanjutnya dapat mengalami herniasi ke dalam kandung kemih yang akhirnya dapat menyebabkan gangguan aliran kencing lebih lanjut.

Ezz, et al melaporkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara gejala gangguan berkemih dengan besarnya volume prostat. Data dari Olmstead County Study of Urinary Symptoms and health Status Among Men mengemukakan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara besamya volume prostat dengan terjadinya gejala-gejala gangguan berkernih, pancaran urin dan kemungkinan terjadinya retensio urin pada pasien PPJ. Menurut data tersebut, pancaran urin maksimal yang rendah secara bermakna berhubungan dengan beratnya gejala gangguan berkemih dan besamya volume prostat.

Penonjolan prostat ( protrusi ) ke dalam kandung kemih dapat diukur dengan ultrasonografi ( USG ) transabdominal. Menurut Poo terdapat korelasi antara tingkat protrusi prostat intravesika dengan beratnya obstruksi. Melihat adanya perbedaan di atas maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai hubungan antara kejadian retensi urin pada pasien PPJ dengan besarnya volume prostat dan tingkat protrusi prostat intravesika

Adapun maksud dan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berapa besarnya volume prostat yang dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya gangguan berkemih pada pasien PPJ dan adakah hubungan antara besarnya volume prostat dengan terjadinya retensi urin. Juga dievaluasi hubungan antara terjadinya retensi urin dengan protrusi prostat intravesika.

PPJ adalah kelainan berupa kelenjar prostat yang mengalami hiperplasia terutama kelenjar periuretral. Jaringan prostat asli terdesak ke perifer menjadi kapsul bedah. Bila pembesaran tersebut mendesak ke arah luar dari uretra pars prostatika maka tidak menimbulkan gejala. Tetapi jika mendesak ke dalam uretra, akan menekan uretra dan menimbulkan gejala sumbatan saluran kencing bagian bawah. Pembesaran prostat dapat terjadi pada lobos medius sehingga menimbulkan penonjolan ( protrusi ) ke dalam kandung kemih yang dapat dideteksi dengan USG transabdominal. Protrusi prostat ini dapat mengganggu proses pengosongan urin di dalam kandung kemih pada waktu berkemih.

Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2004

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Novita Sari

Evaluasi ekspresi VDAC1 dan hubungannya dengan ekspresi gen protein keluarga Bcl-2 pada galur sel kanker prostat PC-3 yang diinduksi apoptosis oleh Zinc = Evaluation of Expression VDAC1 and Its Relationship with Expression Bcl-2 family protein gene in strain Prostate Cancer Cells PC-3 Apoptosis Induced by Zinc

"[ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Kanker prostat adalah kanker yang paling umum pada pria. Kanker terjadi karena hilangnya kontrol atas proliferasi sel dan apoptosis sehingga sel berproliferasi terus menerus tanpa ada kematian sel. Apoptosis diregulasi oleh beberapa protein tertentu diantaranya protein keluarga Bcl-2 dan protein kanal. Perkembangan kanker prostat memerlukan transformasi dari sel epitel yang normal menjadi sel ganas yang kehilangan kemampuan untuk mengakumulasi zinc. Salah satu efek utama zinc adalah mencegah pertumbuhan sel kanker prostat dengan menginduksi apoptosis dengan memfasilitasi proses pembentukan pori Bax yang memulai apoptogenesis mitokondria. Selain keluarga Bcl-2, VDAC1 juga berperan penting dalam proses apoptosis. Beberapa penelitian menyatakan Bcl-2 mempunyai kaitan erat dengan VDAC1 terkait proses apoptosis dan protein pro-apoptotik Bax juga secara langsung berinteraksi dengan VDAC yang kemudian menginduksi keluarnya sitokrom c dari membran mitokondria.

Tujuan: Mengevaluasi ekspresi mRNA dari gen mengkode keluarga protein Bcl-2 (Bax dan Bcl-2) dalam proses apoptogenesis pada galur sel kanker prostat yg diinduksi oleh zinc; Mengevaluasi ekspresi mRNA dari gen VDAC1 dalam proses apoptogenesis pada galur sel kanker prostat yang diinduksi oleh zinc; Menganalisis hubungan antara ekspresi VDAC1 dengan protein keluarga Bcl-2 pada apoptogenesis galur sel kanker prostat.

Desain: Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimental in vitro dan analisis statistik

Metode: Untuk memperbanyak galur sel kanker prostat (PC3) dilakukan kultur sel, kemudian diberi perlakuan dengan tiga kelompok (kontrol, zinc 20 μM dan staurosporin 0,16 μM). Selanjutnya dilakukan isolasi RNA dan elektroforesis RNA untuk mengetahui keutuhan RNA. Terakhir dilakukan qRT PCR yang kemudian datanya dianalisis secara statistika.

Hasil: Ekspresi Bax, Bcl-2 dan VDAC1 pada galur sel kanker prostat (PC-3) yang diberi perlakuan zinc mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan kontrol (tidak diberi perlakuan). Akan tetapi penurunan ekspresi tersebut tidak bernilai signifikan karena nilai p > 0,05 (nilai signifikansi Bax = 0,309; nilai signifikansi Bcl-2 = 0,236; nilai signifikansi VDAC1 = 0,437). VDAC1 mempunyai korelasi yang signifikan (p < 0,05) dengan Bax (p = 0,01) dibandingkan dengan Bcl-2 (p = 0,118).

Kesimpulan: Terjadi perubahan ekspresi pada setiap gen (Bax, Bcl-2 dan VDAC1) pada galur sel kanker prostat yang diberi perlakuan zinc dengan yang tidak diberi perlakuan, akan tetapi tidak bernilai signifikan. VDAC1 mempunyai korelasi yang bermakna dengan Bax dan mempunyai korelasi yang tidak bermakna dengan Bcl-2.

ABSTRACT

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Cancer occurs due to loss control of cell proliferation and apoptosis thus continuously proliferating cells without cell death. Apoptosis is regulated by specific proteins including Bcl-2 family proteins and channel proteins. The development of prostate cancer requires the transformation of normal epithelial cells into malignant cells that lose the ability to accumulate zinc. One of the main effects of zinc is to prevent the growth of prostate cancer cells by inducing apoptosis by facilitating the process of pore formation Bax that started apoptogenesis mitochondrial. In addition to Bcl-2 family, VDAC1 also plays an important role in the process of apoptosis. Some studies suggest Bcl-2 has close links with related VDAC1 apoptosis and pro-apoptotic protein Bax also directly interact with VDAC which then induces the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial membrane.

Objective: To evaluate the expression of mRNA of the gene encoding the Bcl-2 family proteins (Bax and Bcl-2) in the process apoptogenesis on prostate cancer cell line that is induced by zinc; Evaluate the mRNA expression of genes in the process VDAC1 apoptogenesis on prostate cancer cell line induced by zinc; Analyzing the relationship between the expression of VDAC1 with Bcl-2 family proteins in prostate cancer cell lines apoptogenesis.

Design: This study used an experimental in vitro and statistical analysis

Methods: To reproduce the prostate cancer cell lines (PC3) performed cell culture, then treated with three groups (control, zinc 20 μM and staurosporin 0,16 μM). Furthermore, the isolation of RNA and RNA electrophoresis to determine the integrity of the RNA. Recently performed qRT PCR and the data were analyzed statistically.

Results: The expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and VDAC1 on prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) were treated with zinc decreased than the control (untreated). However, a decrease in the expression of no significant value because the value of p > 0.05 (Bax significant value = 0.309; the value of the significance of Bcl-2 = 0.236; VDAC1 significant value = 0.437). VDAC1 has a significant correlation (p < 0.05) with Bax (p = 0.01) than Bcl-2 (p = 0.118).

Conclusion: There is a change in the expression of each gene (Bax, Bcl-2 and VDAC1) in prostate cancer cell lines that treated with zinc than untreated, but no significant value. VDAC1 has a significant correlation with Bax and had no significant correlation with Bcl-2.;Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Cancer occurs due to loss control of cell proliferation and apoptosis thus continuously proliferating cells without cell death. Apoptosis is regulated by specific proteins including Bcl-2 family proteins and channel proteins. The development of prostate cancer requires the transformation of normal epithelial cells into malignant cells that lose the ability to accumulate zinc. One of the main effects of zinc is to prevent the growth of prostate cancer cells by inducing apoptosis by facilitating the process of pore formation Bax that started apoptogenesis mitochondrial. In addition to Bcl-2 family, VDAC1 also plays an important role in the process of apoptosis. Some studies suggest Bcl-2 has close links with related VDAC1 apoptosis and pro-apoptotic protein Bax also directly interact with VDAC which then induces the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial membrane.

Design: This study used an experimental in vitro and statistical analysis

Conclusion: There is a change in the expression of each gene (Bax, Bcl-2 and VDAC1) in prostate cancer cell lines that treated with zinc than untreated, but no significant value. VDAC1 has a significant correlation with Bax and had no significant correlation with Bcl-2., Background: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Cancer occurs due to loss control of cell proliferation and apoptosis thus continuously proliferating cells without cell death. Apoptosis is regulated by specific proteins including Bcl-2 family proteins and channel proteins. The development of prostate cancer requires the transformation of normal epithelial cells into malignant cells that lose the ability to accumulate zinc. One of the main effects of zinc is to prevent the growth of prostate cancer cells by inducing apoptosis by facilitating the process of pore formation Bax that started apoptogenesis mitochondrial. In addition to Bcl-2 family, VDAC1 also plays an important role in the process of apoptosis. Some studies suggest Bcl-2 has close links with related VDAC1 apoptosis and pro-apoptotic protein Bax also directly interact with VDAC which then induces the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial membrane.

Design: This study used an experimental in vitro and statistical analysis

Jakarta: [Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, ], 2014

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