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"Meskipun individu transgender telah berjuang agar diterima dalam masyarakat, kini mereka lebih terlihat di dalam budaya populer terutama dalam film. The Danish Girl 2015 dan Dallas Buyers Club 2013 merupakan film-film Hollywood yang menampilkan peran transgender sebagai pemeran utama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah menganalisa peran transgender, Einar Wegener Lili Elbe di film The Danish Girl dan Rayon dalam film Dallas Buyers Club untuk menemukan cara mereka menemukan jati diri mereka sebagai transgender, dan hubungan kekuasaan antara pasangan transgender dan non-transgender. Analisis ini menggunakan perspektif Gregory G. Bolich's pada transgender serta Lynn 2009 mengenai perilaku sexual, dan Joslin-Roher and Wheeler 2009 pada hubungan dengan pasangan. Artikel ini menjelasakan bahwa kedua film ini memperkuat stereotip gender dan relasi kekuasaan yang seimbang dan tidak seimbang memengaruhi Einar Wegener Lili Elbe and Rayon.

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Although transgender individuals have been struggling to be accepted in a society, they are now more visible in popular culture especially movies. The Danish Girl 2015 and Dallas Buyers Club 2013 are Hollywood movies which have transgender individuals as their main characters. The purpose of this study is to analyze the transgender characters, Einar Wegener Lili Elbe in The Danish Girl and Rayon in Dallas Buyers Club in order to find they way to construct themselves as transgender and the power relation between transgender and their non transgender partner. The analysis operates within Gregory G. Bolich's perspective on transgender as well as Lynn 2009 about sexual behavior, and Joslin Roher and Wheeler 2009 on relation with the partner. This article finds that both movies reinforce gender stereotypes and how a balanced and an unbalanced power relation affects Einar Wegener Lili Elbe and Rayon."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana transgender direpresentasikan di dalam manga berjudul Yuureitou karya Nogizaka Tarou. Representasi transgender dalam manga ini diwakilkan pengarang melalui tokoh bernama Sawamura Tetsuo. Dia merupakan seorang transgender female-to-male. Data-data di dalam penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan teori semiotika Roland Barthes. Temuan utama dalam penelitian ini adalah transgender direpresentasikan sebagai seseorang yang memiliki refleksi wujud idealnya masing-masing, memiliki keinginan untuk menjalin hubungan romantis, dan berusaha untuk menghilangkan sisi gender yang mereka anggap bukan bagian dari diri mereka. Selain itu, Nogizaka Tarou selaku pencipta manga Yuureitou juga berusaha untuk memberikan edukasi terhadap masyarakat luas mengenai kaum transgender dengan harapan diskriminasi terhadap kaum transgender akan berkurang dan dapat meluruskan beberapa stereotip transgender yang melenceng.

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ABSTRACTThis research aims to explain how the concept of transgender is represented in Nogizaka Tarou's Yuureitou manga. The representation of the aforementioned concept in this manga is shown by the author through a character named Sawamura Tetsuo, a female-to-male transgender. The data in this research were analyzed using Roland Barthes's semiotic theory. The main finding in this research is that the transgenders are represented as someone who have their respective ideal reflections, each of whom have the desire to establish a romantic relationship, and are trying to eliminate the gender norms that they consider are not part of themselves. In addition, Nogizaka Tarou as the creator of the Yuureitou manga also supports the education about transgender people to the society, with the hope that opposing movement towards transgender people will come into ease and further realign the misconceptions of the transgender stereotypes."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan representasi transgender dalam film Karera ga Honki de Amu Toki Wa (2017)—disingkat KHAT—karya Naoko Ogigami dan implikasinya terhadap penelitian-penelitian terdahulu yang membahas representasi transgender dalam media populer. Penelitian ini menerapkan teori representasi oleh Stuart Hall (1997) sebagai kerangka berpikir dan metode analisis teks serta metode analisis interpretasi komposisi visual. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa film KHAT merepresentasikan transgender secara positif sebagai wujud ideologi Ogigami yang ingin menggambarkan transgender sebagai manusia yang eksis dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan memiliki hak setara. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun representasi transgender melalui tokoh Rinko—transgender laki-laki ke perempuan—bertentangan dengan representasi transgender pada umumnya dalam media populer, konsekuensi yang diambil film adalah pemangkasan realitas. Penokohan Rinko yang sangat ‘perempuan’ dan mendapat kedamaian setelah menanggalkan kejantanannya memberi kesan bahwa transgender laki-laki ke perempuan yang karakteristiknya mendekati perempuan biologis akan lebih mudah diterima masyarakat.

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This study aims to reveal the representation of transgender in Karera ga Honki de Amu Toki Wa (2017)—abbreviated as KHAT—directed by Naoko Ogigami and its implications for previous studies discussing the representation of transgender in popular media. This study applies the representation theory by Stuart Hall (1997) as the theoretical framework, and text analysis method as well as visual composition interpretation analysis method as the analytical tools. This study finds that KHAT represents transgender positively as a form of Ogigami ideology who wants to portray trans community as people who exist in everyday life and have equal rights. This study concludes that although the representation of transgender through Rinko—male-to-female trans character—is contrary to general representations of trans community in popular media, this film takes the risk of reducing reality. Rinko's character who is very 'womanly' and finds peace after leaving her masculinity gives the impression that male-to-female transgender whose characteristics are close to biological women will be more easily accepted by society."

"Penelitian ini betujuan untuk melihat bagaimana faktor-faktor penentu seseorang melakukan Coming Out sebagai transgender dari laki-laki menjadi ‘perempuan' melalui tokoh Eriko di dalam novel Kitchen. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Coming out dari Deana F. Morrow (2006) sebagai konsep dasar penelitian. Dalam menganalisis, penulis menyertakan kutipan dari novel Kitchen, juga menyertakan artikel surat kabar dan artikel wawancara sebagai data. Dari hasil analisis ditemukan bahwa tokoh Eriko menentukan identitas gender barunya dengan alasan tekanan internal, tekanan eksternal, terbangunnya kepercayaan dan keterbukaan, untuk menjalani kehidupan yang autentik, dan kesediaan diri dalam menerima konsekuensi sebagai transgender. Selain itu, juga ditemukan kritik terhadap masyarakat Jepang terhadap transgender yang sering kali mendapat perlakuan diskriminatif.

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This research aims to see how the determinants of a person's coming out as a transgender from male to "female" through Eriko's character in the novel Kitchen. The theory used in this research is Deana F. Morrow's Coming out Theory (2006) as the basic concept of the research. In the analysis, the author included quotations from the novel Kitchen, also newspaper articles and interview articles as data. The analysis, shows that Eriko's character determines her new gender identity due to internal pressure, external pressure, the establishment of trust and openness, and to live an authentic life, and the self-will to accept the consequences of being transgender. In addition, there is also criticism of Japanese society towards transgender people, who are often discriminated against.

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"Meskipun individu transgender telah berjuang agar diterima dalam masyarakat, kini mereka lebih terlihat di dalam budaya populer terutama dalam film. Boys Don rsquo;t Cry 1999 merupakan film Hollywood yang menampilkan peran transgender sebagai pemeran utama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah menganalisa peran transgender, Brandon Teena, dalam menunjukkan transgender yang secara perlahan terinternalisasi melalui interaksi dan hubungan dengan karakter lainnya. Sebagai tambahan, analisis ini dibuat untuk menemukan cara mereka membentuk dan menunjukkan diri mereka sendiri sebagai transgender dan hubungan kekuasaan antara pasangan transgender dan non-transgender. Analisis ini menggunakan perspektif Kara DeMilio pada transgender mengenai perilaku seksual. Artikel ini menjelaskan bahwa film ini menunjukkan performativitas transgender dan hubungan kekuasaan antara karakter satu sama lain, khususnya Brandon.

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Although transgender individuals have been struggling to be accepted in society, they are now more visible in popular culture especially movies. Boys Don rsquo;t Cry 1999 movie is Hollywood movie which has transgender individual as their main character. The purpose of this study is to analyze the transgender character, Brandon Teena, in performing transgender which is slowly internalized through the interaction and relation with the other characters. In addition, this analysis is created to find the way how she construct and perform herself as transgender and the power relation between transgender and their non-transgender partner. The analysis operates within Kara DeMilio perspective on transgender about sexual behavior. The article find that the movie shows the transgender performativy and also power relation between the characters, especially for Brandon. "

"ABSTRAKTerdapat dua istilah representasi identitas transgender perempuan ke laki-laki di Indonesia yang mulai visible, yaitu transman dan priawan. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji bagaimana identitas sebagai transgender laki-laki tumbuh dalam diri priawan dan transman secara individu dalam pengaruh sosialisasi nilai dan peran gender dari lingkungan keluarga dan lingkungan sosial mereka. Selain itu penelitian ini juga melihat bagaimana konsep the three world’s orders memberikan pengaruh terhadap representasi identitas individu transgender laki-laki sebagai “priawan” atau “transman”. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Data didapatkan melalui wawancara mendalam dengan informan diidentifikasi sebagai priawan dan transman. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penerimaan keluarga dan lingkungan sosial terhadap identitas transgender menentukan apakah informan secara individu bersedia untuk coming out atau hidden tentang identitasnya. Selain itu, organisasi atau komunitas yang diikuti oleh masing-masing informan ternyata mempengaruhi konstruksi identitas kelompok transgender laki-laki menjadi priawan atau transman.

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ABSTRACTThere are two terms of visible individual representation of identity in case of transgender female to male in Indonesia, they are “priawan” and “transman”. This research will analyze how identity as male transgender developing in oneself as “priawan” and “transman” individually with influence of values and roles about gender from family and others social environment. In addition, this research also point the influence of “the three world’s orders” concept in representation of male transgender individual identity as “priawan” or “transman”. This research using qualitative approach. Data collected by depth interview with participants who is identified as “priawan” and “transman”. This research found that family and social environment’s acceptance about transgender identity determine whether participants as an individual ready to coming out or hidden about their identity. The fact was organization or community which is followed by every participant have influence in constructing group identity of male transgender become “priawan” or “transman"."

"Penelitian ini mencoba mengartikulasikan bagaimana individu Transgender nonbiner mengoperasikan identitas gender mereka dari cisgender menjadi Trans nonbiner melalui praktik doing/undoing gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif fenomenologis dengan pendekatan naratif serta analisis visual. Teori yang digunakan antara lain adalah teori Performativitas oleh Judith Butler, Pluralisme Gender oleh Surya Monro dan Michael G. Peletz, dan teori-teori mengenai pembentukan makna. Penelitian ini menelusuri pengalaman hidup lima orang Trans nonbiner yang tinggal di Jakarta dan Yogyakarta terkait eksplorasi gender mereka. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa individu Trans nonbiner terus menerus melakukan praktik doing/undoing gender. Proses doing/undoing gender yang dilakukan mempengaruhi praktik ketubuhan yang dilakukan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kelima informan menyatakan bahwa proses doing/undoing yang mereka lakukan diawali dengan ketidaknyamanan terhadap diri dan tubuh mereka sendiri dan terus menerus dilakukan dengan bantuan euforia, disforia, dan sistem pendukung yang kuat. Kelima informan menyatakan bahwa identitas Trans nonbiner merupakan bentuk pembebasan dari penindasan eksternal maupun internal untuk menuju penghayatan diri mereka yang sejati di luar batasan-batasan yang ditetapkan kerangka seks/gender biner.

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This research tries to articulate how Transgender non-binary individuals operate their gender identity from cisgender to Trans non-binary through the practice of doing/undoing gender. This research uses a qualitative phenomenological method with a narrative approach and visual analysis. The theories used include Performativity theory by Judith Butler, Gender Pluralism by Surya Monro and Michael G. Peletz, and theories on meaning-making. This research explores the life experiences of five Trans non-binary people living in Jakarta and Yogyakarta regarding their gender exploration. Based on the analysis, this research found that Trans non-binary individuals practice doing/undoing gender continuously and repeatedly. The process of doing/undoing gender determines their bodily practices carried out in daily life. The five informants stated that the doing/undoing process they carried out began with discomfort within themselves and their own bodies and was assisted by gender euphoria, gender dysphoria, and a strong support system. The five informants stated that Trans non-binary identity is a liberation from external and internal oppression to move towards truer forms of selves outside the boundaries set by the binary sex/gender framework."

"Kategori feminin dan maskulin sangat melekat dalam masyarakat. Hal ini berpengaruh terhadap penunjukan identitas waria remaja di Jakarta. Untuk mencari nafkah, waria remaja tersebut berusaha menampilkan diri sebagai sosok yang feminin melalui riasan wajah dan modifikasi tubuh. Berkaitan dengan hal itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penunjukan identitas waria remaja melalui pemakaian riasan wajah dan modifikasi tubuh. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan FGD (Focus Group Discussion) terhadap 10 orang waria Sanggar SWARA dan 5 orang informan tetap. Data sekunder diperoleh melalui studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penunjukan identitas melalui pemakaian riasan wajah didasari oleh profesi yang digeluti. Waria pekerja seks menonjolkan riasan wajah yang natural dan tidak berlebihan guna menunjukkan diri yang feminin, layaknya perempuan sedangkan, waria pengamen menonjolkan riasan wajah yang norak dan berlebihan sebagai daya jual. Dalam hal modifikasi tubuh, waria mengonsumsi produk hormonal dan non hormonal. Beberapa produk hormonal yang digunakan adalah pil dan suntik untuk keluarga berencana serta hormon suntik. Produk non hormonal yang digunakan, yaitu silikon, suntik vitamin C, dan suntikan pemutih kulit. Berbagai upaya tersebut dilakukan untuk memperoleh tubuh yang feminin, seperti memiliki payudara layaknya perempuan, urat tidak menonjol, pinggul lebar, kulit halus dan putih, pengurangan rambut pada tubuh (ketiak dan kaki), serta penghilangan kumis dan jenggot.

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Categories of feminine and masculine are inherent in society. This affects the young transgenders to show their identity in Jakarta. To earn a living, the young transgenders try to present themselves as feminine through face cosmetics and body modification. In this regard, this study aims at knowing how young transgenders show their identity through the use of face cosmetics and body modification. To achieve these objectives, the method employed a qualitative method. The primary data was collected through in-depth interviews and FGD (Focus Group Discussion) with 10 young transgenders at Sanggar SWARA and five informants. The secondary data was obtained through the study of literature. The results indicate that the young transgenders show their identity by using face cosmetics based on their profession. Transgender sex workers show natural makeup, but not exaggerated in order to show their feminity, like a real woman. Meanwhile, transgenders singers show garish and exaggerated makeup as a selling power. In terms of body modification, young transgenders take hormonal and non-hormonal product. The hormonal products they use are family planning pills and injections as well as hormonal injection. The non-hormonal product they use include silicone, injections of vitamin C, and skin whitening injection. Various attempts are made to obtain feminine body, such as having breasts like woman‟s, veins that do not stand out, wide hips, smooth and fair skin, hair reduction on the body (underarms and legs), as well as removing of mustache and beard."

"Teknologi transgender dapat dipahami sebagai bentuk integrasi teknologi dalam kehidupan transgender, yang menciptakan sebuah entitas baru melampaui “batasan” identitas yang ditetapkan. Istilah transgender merujuk individu yang identitas gendernya berbeda dengan identitas gender yang dilekatkan ketika mereka lahir. Secara sosial, politik, ekonomi, pendidikan, kesehatan, dan hal-hal keseharian lainnya, individu transgender cenderung mengalami pengalaman yang berbeda, di mana persoalan ini diakibatkan adanya penempatan label yang berbeda dengan pengalaman gender yang dirasakan oleh individu. Pandangan tradisional mengenai gender cenderung mengabaikan eksistensi pengalaman gender queer semacam ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode pasca fenomenologi untuk mengkaji bagaimana teknologi mampu mendefinisikan kembali gender bagi manusia dan pengaruhnya terhadap individu transgender, terutama dalam menciptakan kembali diri. Dalam tulisan ini, penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis subjek dan objek kajian melalui teori transhumanisme. Menurut teori transhumanisme, teknologi mampu membawa manusia menjadi suatu entitas yang bebas memilih diri yang diinginkan. Teknologi transgender memiliki nilai yang mampu untuk mentransformasi individu transgender melampaui batasan yang dimiliki serta mampu untuk mencapai aktualisasi diri. Dengan demikian, terjadi perwujudan atas imajinasi mengenai diri dengan realitas dan pengalaman nyata yang dijalani.

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Transgender technology can be understood as the integration of technology into the lives of transgender individuals, creating a new entity that transcends the "limitations" of assigned identities. The term transgender refers to individuals whose gender identity differs from the gender assigned to them at birth. Socially, politically, economically, in education, health, and in everyday experiences, transgender individuals tend to have different experiences due to the imposition of labels that do not align with their gender experiences. Traditional views on gender tend to overlook the existence of such genderqueer experiences. This research employs a post-phenomenological method to examine how technology can redefine gender for humans and its impact on transgender individuals, particularly in the process of self-recreation. In this paper, research is conducted by analyzing the subject and object of study through the lens of transhumanism theory. According to transhumanism theory, technology has the potential to enable humans to become entities that can freely choose their desired selves. Transgender technology holds value in transforming transgender individuals beyond the limitations they face and enabling self-actualization. Thus, it brings about the realization of self-imagined identities into lived realities and experiences."

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas tentang pemenuhan kebutuhan dan hak waria lanjut usia. Penelitian ini mengambil studi kasus di Rumah Singgah Waria Anak Raja Jakarta. Fokus penelitian ini adalah deskripsi tentang pemenuhan kebutuhan dan hak waria lanjut usia. Metode penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan mengunakan wawancara mendalam bagi informan pemerintah dan Focus group discussion waria lanjut usia untuk mendapatkan informasi bagi waria lanjut usianya, Hasil dari penelitian ini didapat data bahwa pemenuhan kebutuhan dan hak waria lanjut usia belum sesuai dengan amanat undang- undang baik undang-undang lanjut usia, hak asasi manusia dan kesejahteraan sosial, pemenuhan tersebut masih belum merata dan masih terbatas.;

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses about the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender. This research is a case study at Shelter Home Anak Raja Jakarta. The focus of this study is a description about the fulfilment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender,. This is a qualitative research method using in-depth interview for government informant and focus group discussions to get further information from the elderly transgender. The results from this study is that the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender has not been in accordance with the mandate of the law both laws for the elderly human rights and social welfare. The fulfillment is still uneven and limited.;This thesis discusses about the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender. This research is a case study at Shelter Home Anak Raja Jakarta. The focus of this study is a description about the fulfilment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender,. This is a qualitative research method using in-depth interview for government informant and focus group discussions to get further information from the elderly transgender. The results from this study is that the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender has not been in accordance with the mandate of the law both laws for the elderly human rights and social welfare. The fulfillment is still uneven and limited.;This thesis discusses about the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender. This research is a case study at Shelter Home Anak Raja Jakarta. The focus of this study is a description about the fulfilment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender,. This is a qualitative research method using in-depth interview for government informant and focus group discussions to get further information from the elderly transgender. The results from this study is that the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender has not been in accordance with the mandate of the law both laws for the elderly human rights and social welfare. The fulfillment is still uneven and limited.;This thesis discusses about the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender. This research is a case study at Shelter Home Anak Raja Jakarta. The focus of this study is a description about the fulfilment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender,. This is a qualitative research method using in-depth interview for government informant and focus group discussions to get further information from the elderly transgender. The results from this study is that the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender has not been in accordance with the mandate of the law both laws for the elderly human rights and social welfare. The fulfillment is still uneven and limited., This thesis discusses about the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender. This research is a case study at Shelter Home Anak Raja Jakarta. The focus of this study is a description about the fulfilment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender,. This is a qualitative research method using in-depth interview for government informant and focus group discussions to get further information from the elderly transgender. The results from this study is that the fulfillment of the needs and rights of elderly transgender has not been in accordance with the mandate of the law both laws for the elderly human rights and social welfare. The fulfillment is still uneven and limited.]"