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"One of the causes of primary hypertension is an exposure to free radicals. The formation of free radicals in the body canbe prevented by taking antioxidants. Zinc and copper are cofactors of endogenous antioxidant enzyme superoxidedismutase. This study aimed to analyze the differences of zinc and copper levels in primary hypertensive andnormotensive patients. This was an analytical observational study with cross sectional design and simple randomsampling method. Subjects were patients aged 40-70 years at Haji General Hospital consisting of 15 primaryhypertensive patients and 15 normotensive individuals (comparison group). Data was collected through interviews andlaboratory test of blood samples. Zinc and Copper serum concentrations were measured by AAS. Data were analyzedby chi-square and independent samples t-test. The results showed that the mean levels of zinc and copper in primaryhypertensive patients was lower than normotensive. However, statistically there was no difference in zinc serum levels(p=0.852) in the two groups, and there was a significant difference in copper serum levels (p=0.032). It can beconcluded that there were differences in copper serum levels between the two groups but not with the levels of zinc.Kadar Zinc dan Cuprum pada Penderita Hipertensi Primer dan Normotensi. Salah satu pencetus hipertensi primeryaitu paparan radikal bebas. Pembentukan radikal bebas dalam tubuh dapat dicegah dengan antioksidan. Peran zinc dancuprum adalah sebagai kofaktor dari enzim antioksidan endogen superoksida dismutase (SOD). Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk menganalisis perbedaan kadar serum zinc dan cuprum pada kelompok hipertensi primer dan normotensif.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional dan metode simple randomsampling. Subjek adalah orang yang berusia 40-70 tahun, mengunjungi Rumah Sakit Haji Surabaya, dan terdiri dari 15responden hipertensi primer dan 15 responden normotensif (kelompok pembanding). Data dikumpulkan melaluiwawancara dan uji laboratorium klinis sampel darah. Konsentrasi serum zinc dan cuprum diukur dengan metode AAS(Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom). Data dianalisis dengan chi-square dan independent T-test. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa tingkat rata-rata serum zinc dan cuprum responden pada kelompok hipertensi primer lebih rendahdaripada kelompok normotensif. Namun, secara statistik tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,852) kadar serumzinc antara kelompok hipertensi primer dan kelompok normotensi, tapi ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar serumcuprum (p=0,022). Kesimpulannya adalah ada yang berbeda dari kadar serum cuprum antara dua kelompok sedangkanuntuk kadar serum zinc tidak berbeda."

"Kadar Zinc dan Cuprum pada Penderita Hipertensi Primer dan Normotensi. Salah satu pencetus hipertensi primer yaitu paparan radikal bebas. Pembentukan radikal bebas dalam tubuh dapat dicegah dengan antioksidan. Peran zinc dan cuprum adalah sebagai kofaktor dari enzim antioksidan endogen superoksida dismutase (SOD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kadar serum zinc dan cuprum pada kelompok hipertensi primer dan normotensif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional dan metode simple random sampling. Subjek adalah orang yang berusia 40-70 tahun, mengunjungi Rumah Sakit Haji Surabaya, dan terdiri dari 15 responden hipertensi primer dan 15 responden normotensif (kelompok pembanding). Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan uji laboratorium klinis sampel darah. Konsentrasi serum zinc dan cuprum diukur dengan metode AAS (Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom). Data dianalisis dengan chi-square dan independent T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat rata-rata serum zinc dan cuprum responden pada kelompok hipertensi primer lebih rendah daripada kelompok normotensif. Namun, secara statistik tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p=0,852) kadar serum zinc antara kelompok hipertensi primer dan kelompok normotensi, tapi ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada kadar serum cuprum (p=0,022). Kesimpulannya adalah ada yang berbeda dari kadar serum cuprum antara dua kelompok sedangkan untuk kadar serum zinc tidak berbeda.;One of the causes of primary hypertension is an exposure to free radicals. The formation of free radicals in the body can be prevented by taking antioxidants. Zinc and copper are cofactors of endogenous antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. This study aimed to analyze the differences of zinc and copper levels in primary hypertensive and normotensive patients. This was an analytical observational study with cross sectional design and simple random sampling method. Subjects were patients aged 40-70 years at Haji General Hospital consisting of 15 primary hypertensive patients and 15 normotensive individuals (comparison group). Data was collected through interviews and laboratory test of blood samples. Zinc and Copper serum concentrations were measured by AAS. Data were analyzed by chi-square and independent samples t-test. The results showed that the mean levels of zinc and copper in primary hypertensive patients was lower than normotensive. However, statistically there was no difference in zinc serum levels (p=0.852) in the two groups, and there was a significant difference in copper serum levels (p=0.032). It can be concluded that there were differences in copper serum levels between the two groups but not with the levels of zinc.

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One of the causes of primary hypertension is an exposure to free radicals. The formation of free radicals in the body can be prevented by taking antioxidants. Zinc and copper are cofactors of endogenous antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. This study aimed to analyze the differences of zinc and copper levels in primary hypertensive and normotensive patients. This was an analytical observational study with cross sectional design and simple random sampling method. Subjects were patients aged 40-70 years at Haji General Hospital consisting of 15 primary hypertensive patients and 15 normotensive individuals (comparison group). Data was collected through interviews and laboratory test of blood samples. Zinc and Copper serum concentrations were measured by AAS. Data were analyzed by chi-square and independent samples t-test. The results showed that the mean levels of zinc and copper in primary hypertensive patients was lower than normotensive. However, statistically there was no difference in zinc serum levels (p=0.852) in the two groups, and there was a significant difference in copper serum levels (p=0.032). It can be concluded that there were differences in copper serum levels between the two groups but not with the levels of zinc."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian yang membahas hubungan antara seng dan derajat keparahan akne masih terbatas dengan hasil yang tidak konsisten antara satu penelitian dengan penelitian yang lain. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang komparasi untuk menilai hubungan asupan seng dan konsentrasi seng serum dengan derajat keparahan akne vulgaris berdasarkan kriteria Indonesian Acne Expert Meeting. Dilakukan penilaian asupan seng dan pemeriksaan konsentrasi seng serum terhadap 60 pasien akne vulgaris di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Analisis data asupan seng terhadap derajat keparahan akne menggunakan uji T tidak berpasangan sedangkan analisis data konsentrasi seng serum terhadap derajat keparahan akne menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Pada penelitian ini, asupan seng pada seluruh subjek berada dibawah nilai Angka Kecukupan Gizi Indonesia dan rerata asupan seng pada kelompok akne ringan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok akne derajat sedang berat. Konsentrasi seng serum pada kelompok akne ringan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok akne derajat sedang berat. Ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara asupan seng pada kelompok akne derajat ringan dengan kelompok akne derajat sedang berat, dan konsentrasi seng serum antara kelompok akne derajat ringan dengan kelompok akne derajat sedang berat.

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ABSTRACTZinc recently known to have an effect on reducing the severity of acne, but this finding was still inconsistent between one study to another. A comparation cross sectional study was conducted to assess the association of zinc intake and serum zinc level with the severity of acne based on Indonesian Acne Expert Meeting criteria. A total of 60 acne patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital were selected. Data analysis on zinc intake on acne severity using unpaired T test while zinc serum concentration on acne severity with Mann Whitney test. In this study, zinc intake in all subjects was below the Indonesian Recommended Daily Allowance and mean of zinc intake in mild acne group was higher compare to the moderate severe acne group. Zinc serum level in mild acne group was higher compare to the moderate severe acne group. There was a significant difference between zinc intake in mild and moderate severe acne group, and zinc serum level between mild and moderate severe acne group."

"Tingginya prevalensi dislipidemia menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia. Diet tinggi lemak merupakan faktor risiko utamanya. Penatalaksanaannya mencakupi pengontrolan profil lipid. Senyawa yang mengintervensi metabolisme lipid dapat menurunkan kadar lipid plasma. Tumbuhan dari marga garcinia mempunyai berbagai metabolit sekunder, seperti xanthones, alkaloids, saponin, and flavonoid. Beberapa senyawa tersebut memiliki bioaktivitas hipolipidemik. Penelitian ini membuktikan pengaruh ekstrak kulit buah Garcinia dioica pada kadar LDL plasma tikus. Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 tikus strain Wistar yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok diet standar, kelompok diet tinggi lemak, serta kelompok uji ekstrak Garcinia dioica 10 mg, 20 mg, dan 30 mg. Kelompok diet standar mendapatkan pakan pellet dan 1 ml PTU selama 21 hari untuk acuan tikus normal, sedangkan kelompok diet tinggi lemak diberi tambahan pakan tinggi lemak untuk acuan tikus hiperlipidemia. Kelompok uji mendapat pakan tinggi lemak selama 21 hari untuk induksi hiperlipidemia, dilanjutkan diet tinggi lemak disertai ekstrak Garcinia dioica selama 21 hari berikutnya. Kadar LDL antarkelompok diet dan antarkelompok uji dibandingkan. Nilai pada kelompok uji adalah 17.0±2.45 mg/dL, 26.6±4.16 mg/dL, dan 12.2±2.17 mg/dL. Hubungan kadar LDL dan dosis ekstrak bermakna signifikan (p<0.05). Disimpulkan ekstrak kulit buah Garcinia dioica memiliki efek hipolipidemik dan dosis 150 mg/kg/hari pada tikus yang hiperlipidemia memberikan efek terbaik.

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Disorder of lipid metabolism, also called hyperlipidemia have been important diseases threating people health. The high fat diet is the main pathogenic cause of it, so regulate blood lipid has been hotspots on research nowadays.Agents from natural products that inhibit and interference lipid metabolism are of theoretical benefit in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Fruits from genus garcinia is a kind of natural plant product which contains multiple useful components.

This study aims to investigate the effect of Garcinia dioica fruit bark extract on the LDL-C levels. Twenty five experimental rats divided into five experimental groups, including the standart diet group, the high fat diet group, and the high fat diet with 150, 100, 50 mg/(kg·d) Garcinia dioica fruit bark extract groups. The standart diet group were fed standart diet for 21 days to set up normal model rats, while high fat diet group were fed high fat diet for 21 days to set up the model of hyperlipidemia rats.

The other three groups were fed high fat diet for 21 days to set up the model of hyperlipidemia rats and then were fed high fat diet with Garcinia dioica fruit bark extract for another 21 days. The LDL-C lowering efficacy was determined by comparing LDL-C levels among Garcinia dioica groups. The results showed that LDL-C decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all Garcinia dioica groups (high, moderate, low doses). The average LDL-C levels of high dose Garcinia dioica groups is the lowest. It is concluded that the Garcinia dioica fruit bark extract are significant in lowering LDL-C levels."

"Latar Belakang : Kolitis merupakan penyakit gastrointestinal yang banyak ditemukan dan menjadi masalah utama di negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Zinc, trace element penting dengan berbagai fungsi diantaranya antimikrobial mukosa intestinal, meningkatkan fungsi barrier gastrointestinal, dan fungsi imun. Kolitis menyebabkan perubahan anatomis saluran gastrointestinal, dianggap dapat menyebabkan defisiensi zinc akibat gangguan penyerapan dan peningkatan ekskresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui profil zinc darah dan analisa tinja pada pasien kolitis di RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Metode : Dilakukan penelitian potong lintang pada bulan Agustus 2019-November 2019. Subjek kolitis diperoleh secara konsekutif dari pasien yang kontrol di poliklinik gastroenterologi atau menjalani kolonoskopi di Pusat Endoskopi Saluran Cerna RSUPN. dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Pemeriksaan sampel zinc darah secara spektrofotometri dan analisa tinja subjek kolitis untuk menilai profil zinc darah dan analisa tinja. Kadar zinc darah subjek kolitis dibandingkan dengan kadar zinc darah subjek sehat. Hasil : Terdapat 40 subjek kolitis dan 16 subjek sehat yang disertakan untuk dianalisis pada penelitian ini. Diperoleh 45% pasien kolitis yang defisiensi zinc dengan rerata kadar zinc kelompok kolitis adalah 10,9 ± 1,9 µmol/L dan rerata kadar zinc subjek sehat 12,3 ± 1 µmol/L. Profil analisa tinja kelompok kolitis ditemukan konsistensi lembek 90%, BAB berlendir 17,5%, peningkatan jumlah eritrosit 60%, peningkatan jumlah leukosit 5%, positif amilum 20%, positif lemak 7,5%, pH asam 97,5%, positif darah samar tinja 37,5%, dan jamur di tinja 7,5%. Simpulan : Kadar zinc pada kelompok kolitis lebih rendah bermakna dibanding kadar zinc pada kelompok sehat. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mempertimbangkan pemberian terapi zinc pada pasien kolitis dengan defisiensi zinc.

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Background: Colitis is a common gastrointestinal disease that is a major problem in developing countries including Indonesia. Zinc, an important trace element with various functions including antimicrobial intestinal mucosa, improves gastrointestinal barrier function, and immune function. Colitis causes anatomical changes in the gastrointestinal tract, considered to cause zinc deficiency due to impaired absorption and increased excretion. This study aims to determine the profile of blood zinc and fecal analysis in colitis patients at RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 colitis and 16 healthy subjects in August 2019-November 2019. Colitis subjects were obtained consecutively from patients who were in the gastroenterology outpatient clinic or underwent colonoscopy at the Gastroenterological Endoscopy Center of RSUPN. dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Spectrophotometric examination of blood zinc samples and fecal analysis of colitis subjects to assess blood zinc profile and stool analysis. The level of colitis in the subjects' blood zinc was compared with the level of zinc in the healthy subject. Results: There were 40 colitis subjects and 16 healthy subjects included for analysis in this study. 45% of colitis patients who were deficient in zinc with a mean zinc level in the colitis group were 10.9 ± 1.9 μmol / L and the mean zinc level in healthy subjects was 12.3 ± 1 μmol / L. Fecal analysis profile of colitis group found 90% soft stool consistency, 17.5% slimy stool, increase in erythrocyte count 60%, increase in leukocyte count 5%, positive starch 20%, positive fat 7.5%, acid pH 97.5%, positive Fecal blood feces 37.5%, and fungi in feces 7.5%.

Conclusion: Zinc levels in the colitis group were significantly lower than zinc levels in the healthy group. Further research needs to be done to consider giving zinc therapy to colitis patients with zinc deficiency."

"Latar belakang : Infeksi STH masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Infeksi STH dapat menyebabkan malnutrisi dan sebaliknya. Zinc merupakan salah satu mineral esensial yang konsentrasinya dapat berkurang pada infeksi STH. Belum diketahui pengaruh pengobatan antelmintik terhadap konsentrasi zinc dalam serum pada anak SD.Tujuan : Menganalisis pengaruh pengobatan infeksi soil-transmitted helminths terhadap konsentrasi zinc dalam serum pada anak usia sekolah dasar di Jakarta.Metodologi : Penelitian pre-eksperimental (one group pre and post study) dilakukan pada anak sekolah dasar kelas 3-5 di salah satu SDN di Jakarta Utara. Pemeriksaan FLOTAC dilakukan untuk menentukan infeksi dan intensitas STH, untuk konsentrasi zinc dalam serum dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Sampel tinja dan darah diambil dua kali yaitu sebelum dan tiga minggu sesudah pengobatan dengan albendazole 400mg selama tiga hari berturut-turut yang diberikan pada semua anak baik yang terinfeksi maupun yang tidak terinfeksi.Hasil : Dari total 115 anak (54,8% perempuan, usia 9-11 tahun) didapatkan sebanyak 63,4% positif terinfeksi STH dengan mayoritas pada anak usia 9 tahun. Status zinc normal (konsentrasi zinc dalam serum ≥ 10,7 μmol/L) sebesar 73,9%. Mayoritas anak berstatus gizi baik dan berhubungan bermakna dengan konsentrasi zinc dalam serum (p=0,011). Anak yang terinfeksi A.lumbricoides dan T.trichiura memiliki konsentrasi zinc dalam serum sebelum pengobatan yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan (p=0,028 dan p=0,014). Konsentrasi zinc dalam serum sebelum pengobatan berkorelasi negatif secara signifikan terhadap selisih konsentrasi zinc (p=0,000).Kesimpulan : Status gizi mempengaruhi konsentrasi zinc dalam serum sebelum pengobatan. Sebelum pengobatan, anak yang terinfeksi A.lumbricoides dan T.trichiura memiliki konsentrasi zinc yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi zinc dalam serum sebelum pengobatan memiliki selisih konsentrasi zinc dalam serum yang semakin kecil. Setelah pengobatan, anak yang terinfeksi T.trichiura dan infeksi campur mengalami selisih konsentrasi zinc yang cukup besar secara signifikan. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan waktu pengawasan yang lebih lama, intensitas infeksi yang lebih berat dan kemungkinan faktor infeksi lain selain STH.

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Background: STH infection is still a health problem in Indonesia. STH infection can cause malnutrition dan vice versa. Zinc is one of essensial mineral that can be depleted in infection that caused by STH. Effect of antelminthic agent to zinc serum in primary school children is unknown.Objective: To analyze the effect of STH treatment to zinc serum concentration in primary school age children in Jakarta.Methodology: Pre-experimental study (one group pre and post study) was carried out on the basis of grade 3-5 school children in one primary school in North Jakarta. FLOTAC examination was conducted to determine the intensity of STH infections and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was conducted to examine zinc serum concentration. Stool and blood samples were taken twice, before and three weeks after treatment with albendazole 400 mg for three consecutive days, given to all children either infected or uninfected.Results: 63,4% children were infected with STH. Normal zinc status (zinc serum ≥ 10,7 μmol/L) was mostly found (73,9%). Majority of children had good nutrition status and was significantly correlated with pre treatment zinc serum (p=0,011). Children who were infected with A.lumbricoides dan T.trichiura had significantly higher pre treatment zinc serum than uninfected (p=0,028 and p=0,014). Pre treatment zinc serum had significantly negative correlation with difference of zinc serum (p=0,000).Conclusions: Nutritional status was correlating with pre treatment zinc serum. Children who are infected by A.lumbricoides and T.trichiura has higher pre treatment zinc serum. Higher pre treatment zinc serum has smaller zinc difference. Children who are infected by T.trichiura dan mixed infection has significantly bigger difference of zinc serum. Further research is needed in different locations with a larger sample size, longer time observation, heavier intensity and other possibility such as co-infection with other microorganism."

"Latar Belakang: Diare akut adalah masalah umum di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia; penyakit ini banyak ditemukan dalam praktek sehari-hari dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang cukup tinggi. Pada beberapa Rumah Sakit di Jakarta ditemukan bahwa pasien diare akut dewasa mengalami defisiensi kadar seng sebesar 69.3%. Pemberian seng sudah terbukti bermanfaat untuk pengobatan diare akut pada anak. Tujuan: Mengetahui dampak suplementasi seng sebagai terapi alternatif / adjuvant untuk pengobatan diare akut pada pasien dewasa, dengan membandingkan lama berlangsung dan berat-ringan gejala pada kelompok pasien yang diberikan dan yang tidak diberikan suplementasi seng. Metode: Double blind randomized controlled trial dilakukan pada penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek suplementasi seng terhadap durasi dan gejala gastrointestinal pada pasien diare akut rawat inap di RS Pusat Pertamina di Jakarta selama periode Januari-Desember 2013. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square (x2) untuk perbandingan durasi diare dan uji general linear model (GLM) untuk menilai tren perubahan gejala penyerta diare. Hasil: Analisis data dari 84 pasien yang dikelola: 30 pasien pria [seng 19, plasebo 11] dan 54 pasien wanita [seng 23, plasebo 31] ~ (p 0.111) memperlihatkan pemberian suplementasi seng bermakna mengurangi durasi diare akut (p 0.027) dan bermakna mengurangi gejala mual (p 0.032). Selain itu ada tren perbaikan pada sebagian gejala penyerta diare akut, seperti sakit perut, frekuensi b.a.b., konsistensi feses, gejala muntah, kembung, dan gangguan aktivitas sehari-hari. Simpulan: Pemberian suplementasi seng bermakna membuat durasi diare akut lebih singkat dan bermakna mengurangi gejala mual, serta perbaikan pada sebagian gejala gastrointestinal.

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Background: Acute diarrhea is a common problem in developing countries such as Indonesia; which is found in everyday practice with quite high morbidity and mortality rate. It was revealed in adult acute diarrhea patients in several hospitals in Jakarta the levels of zinc deficiency was 69.3%. Zinc has been proven to be beneficial in the treatment of acute diarrhea in pediatric patients.

Objective: To discover the effectiveness of zinc supplementation as an adjuvant therapy in acute diarrhea for adult patients by comparing the duration and the severity of signs and symptoms of acute diarrhea between the zinc and placebo group.

Methods: A double blind randomized controlled trial is done to find out about the effect of zinc supplementation to the duration, signs and symptoms on acute diarrheal in hospitalized adults patients in Pertamina Central Hospital in Jakarta from January-December 2013. The data is analyzed using chi-square test (x2) for comparing the duration of diarrhea and general linear model (GLM) to assess trend changes accompanying symptoms of diarrhea.

Results: Analysis of the data from 84 patients: 30 males [19 zinc, 11 placebo] and 54 females [23 zinc, 31 placebo] ~ (p 0.111) obtained zinc supplementation significantly reduced the duration of acute diarrhea (p 0.027) and significantly reduce the symptoms of nausea (p 0.032). In addition there is trend of improvement in some acute diarrhea associated symptoms, such as abdominal pain, frequency of diarrhea, stool consistency, vomiting, bloating, and disruption of daily activities.

Conclusion: Zinc supplementation significantly reduce the duration of diarrhea, significantly reduce the symptoms of nausea; besides, improving some symptoms accompanying acute diarrhea."

"ABSTRAKRuang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian: Data statistik menunjukkan bahwa dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir, jumlah manula di Indonesia meningkat dari 6,9 juta pada tahun 1980 menjadi 11.5 juta pada tahun 1990. Pada manula, berkurangnya gigi-geligi dan atrofi tunas pengecap dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya masukan energi dan zat gizi lainnya, termasuk seng. Defisiensi seng dapat menyebabkan gangguan ketajaman pengecap. Telah diketahui bahwa seng terdapat dalam berbagai bahan makanan. Seng dari bahan makanan asal nabati sukar diserap karena adanya asam fitat dan serat yang membentuk senyawa tidak larut dengan seng. Sebaliknya, bahan makanan asal hewani sebagai sumber seng, relatif lebih mahal. Oleh karena itu, suplementasi seng dipertimbangkan sebagai cara lain untuk meningkatkan masukan seng. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menilai pengaruh suplementasi seng terhadap perbaikan gangguan ketajaman pengecap manula yang mengalami defisiensi seng. Seng dalam bentuk kapsul seng sulfat a 220 mg diberikan per oral setiap hari selama 4 minggu. Penelitian dilakukan secara acak sederhana tersamar ganda terhadap 60 manula. Manula dibagi dalam 2 kelompok, masing-masing 30 orang. Kelompok kontrol diberi kapsul plasebo dan kelompok perlakuan diberi kapsul seng sulfat buatan PT Kimia Farma. Data 10 manula kelompok perlakuan dikeluarkan karena diketahui meminum kapsul tidak sesuai ketentuan.Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Nilai rata-rata (X) kadar seng plasma kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan sebelum dilakukan suplementasi adalah berturut-turut 75,0 ± 9,33 μg/dL dan 78,3 ± 8,23 , μg/dL. Hasil uji Anova dan Perbandingan Multipel menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok kontrol, kadar seng plasma sebelum dan sesudah diberi plasebo tidak berbeda bermakna walaupun intervensi dilakukan 7 - 8 bulan kemudian. Sesudah suplementasi ternyata kadar seng plasma kelompok perlakuan (113,5 ± 20,19 μg/dL) meningkat secara bermakna dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (83,23 ± 10,37 μg/dL). Hasil tes kecap Smith menunjukkan bahwa 5 (16,7%) manula kelompok kontrol dan 9 (45%) manula kelompok perlakuan mengalami perbaikan ketajaman pengecap. Uji Chi-square menunjukkan bahwa perbaikan tersebut berbeda bermakna (p < 0,05). Kesimpulannya ialah suplementasi seng mampu memperbaiki ketajaman pengecap manula.

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ABSTRACT

Scope and Method of Study: The statistical data showed that within the last 10 years, the number of the elderly in Indonesia increased from 6.9 millions in 1980 to 11.5 millions in. 1990. In the elderly, the missing of the teeth and the atrophy of the taste buds may cause inadequate intake of the energy and other nutrients, including zinc. Zinc deficiency has been associated with depressed taste acuity. Zinc is found in many foodstuffs. The absorption of zinc from plant products is difficult due to the presence of phytic acids and fibers which form an insoluble complex with zinc. In contrast, animal proteins as the source of zinc are relatively more expensive. Thus, the supplementation of zinc is considered as an alter-native way to increase the zinc intake. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on the improvement of the taste acuity of the elderly. The zinc supplement was given orally once a day for 4 weeks in the form of capsule containing 220 mg zinc sulfate. A double-blind study was designed on 60 zinc deficient subjects who showed depressed taste acuity. The subjects were divided into 2 groups, each consisted of 30. The placebo and zinc sulfate capsules prepared by PT Kimia Farma were given to the control and treatment groups, respectively. Due to the history of not taking the capsule regularly as it was required, data of 10 subjects of the treatment group were excluded from statistical analysis.

Findings and Conclusions: The mean plasma zinc concentration of the control and treatment groups before the supplementation period were 75.0 ± 9.33 μg/dL and 78.3 ± 8.23μg/dL, respectively. Statistical analysis using Anova and Multiple comparison showed no significant change in the plasma zinc level of the control group be-fore and after supplementation of placebo, although the intervention was conducted 7 - 8 months thereafter. After 4 weeks, the plasma zinc level of the treatment group (113.5 ± 20.19 μg/dL) were significantly higher than those of the control group (83.23 1-10.37 μg/dL). The Smiths's test showed the improvement of the taste acuity on 5 (16.7%) subjects of the control group and 9 (45%) of the treatment group. Chi-Square's test showed that the improvement was significant (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that the effect of zinc supplementation on the improvement of the taste acuity of the aged was significant."

"Ruang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian: Prevalensi penyakit periodontal di Indonesia sangat tinggi. Cara penanggulangan penyakit ini yang umum dilakukan adalah ?flap operation? (FO). Penyembuhan FO membutuhkan waktu cukup lama. Beberapa peneliti menemukan berat penyakit periodontal erat kaitannya dengan produksi ?gingival crevicular fluid? (GCF), konsentrasi ?alkaline phosphatase? (ALP) dan protein dalam GCF. Mineral zinc (Zn) berperan dalam berbagai fungsi faali tubuh di antaranya mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka bakar dan bedah mayor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui manfaat suplementasi Zn per oral terhadap penyembuhan luka FO, dan apakah aktivitas ALP dapat digunakan sebagai parameternya. Sejumlah 23 subyek dibagi dalam 2 kelompok. Kelompok A (12 orang) memperoleh kapsul ZnSO4 220 mg dan kelompok B (11 orang) mendapat plasebo. Masing-masing 3x1 sehari selama 14 hari. FO dilakukan pada hari ke 5. Pada hari ke 5, 12, 19, 26 (F0, K1, K2, K3) dilakkan pemeriksaan klinik dan laboratorik. Data klinik yang diteliti adalah ?papillary bleeding index? (PBI), kedalaman poket, dan kegoyangan gigi. Pemeriksaan laboratorik meliputi konsentrasi Zn plasma; besar produksi, konsentrasi protein dan aktivitas ALP GCF. Status gizi para subyek juga diperiksa. Hasil dan kesimpulan : Status gizi subyek baik. Data PBI dan kegoyangan gigi kelompok A saat K2 menunjukkan kemaknaan penyembuhan klinik. Konsentrasi Zn menunjukkan kemaknaan penyembuhan klinik. Konsentrasi Zn plasma A selama penelitian (F0 149, K1 127, K2 117 ug/dl) walau tidak bermakna. Saat K1 produksi GCF B meningkat bermakna (p < 0,01) dan konsentrasi protein A menurun bermakna (p < 0,01). Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna (p < 0,01) dari konsentrasi protein A saat K1 dan K3 dibandingkan dengan B. Pemberian ZnSO4 per oral dapat mempercepat penyembuhan FO. Aktivitas ALP GCF tidak mempercepat penyembuhan FO. Aktivitas ALP GCF tidak dapat dinilai, sehingga penggunaan ALP GCF sebagai parameter penyembuhan tersebut belum dapat disimpulkan.

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Scope and Method of Study: the prevalence of periodontal disease in Indonesia is still high. Flap operation (FO) is the common therapy for this disease is closely related to the production of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and protein levvel in GCF. Zinc (Zn) is a mineral with various physiological functions eg to accelerate the healing process of burns and wounds after surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the benefit of Zn given orally to wound healing after FO and whther the GCF ALP could be used as the parameter of the healing. The 23 subjects were devided into 2 groups. Group A (12 persons) received 220 mg ZnSO capsuls and group B (11 persons) received placebo 3 ti d for 14 days. FO was done on day 5 of the study. On day 5, 12, 19, 26 (FO, K1, K2, K#) the following were examiner: papillary bleeding index (PBI), pocket depth, looseness of the tooth, plasma Zn level, GCF production, protein level, ALP activity in GCF and the nutritional status was assessed.

Findings and conclusions: all the subjects were in good nutritional status. PBI and the looseness of the tooth of group A on K2 showed significant clinical healing. Although not significantly different the plasma Zn level of group A (FO 208, K1 227, K2 209 ug/dl) was higher than group B (FO 149, K1 127, K2 117 ug/dl). The GCF production of group B on K1 was significantly increased (p <0,01) and GCF protein level of group A was significantly decreased (p < 0,01). The difference in protein level between group A and group B on K1 and K3 was significant (p<0,01). Thus ZnSO4 given orally accelerated the healing of the FO wound. The use of GCF ALP as a parameter for the healing of an FO wound could not yet be proven.

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