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Fajar Lukitowati
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh iradiasi sinar gamma terhadap sifat-sifat fisiko-kimia dan biologi membran kitosan, kolagen, dan paduan kitosan/kolagen. Membran kitosan, kolagen, dan kitosan/kolagen dibuat dengan penguapan pelarut dan membran diiradiasi sinar gamma (0, 15 atau 25 kGy). Pengujian untuk mengamati gugus fungsi, kuat tarik, perpanjangan putus, daya serap air, permeabilitas, sterilitas serta daya tembus mikroba. Data diuji statistik. Terdapat perubahan gugus fungsi, penurunan kuat tarik, perpanjangan putus, daya serap air dan permeabilitas membran serta kenaikan sterilitas pada membran tanpa dan dengan iradiasi, kecuali untuk daya tembus mikroba. Iradiasi sinar gamma pada semua membran menimbulkan perubahan sifat fisiko-kimia dan sterilitas

ABSTRACT
The objectives of this study is to analyze the effects of gamma-ray irradiation to physico-chemical and biological properties chitosan, collagen and blend of chitosan/collagen membranes. The solvent evaporation technique is used to prepare chitosan, collagen and chitosan/collagen membranes, and sterilized by gamma-ray irradiation (with dose of 0, 15 or 25 kGy). Functional groups, mechanical strength, water retention, permeability, sterility and microbial penetration are observed. The data was analyze statistically. Functional groups, tensile strength, elongation at breaks, water retention, permeability, and sterility are changes, except for microbial penetration. Gamma-ray irradiation on chitosan, collagen and blend of chitosan/collagen membranes shows changes of physico-chemical and sterility."
2016
T46396
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Herlina Asnawi
"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh
iradiasi sinar gamma pada karakteristika kimia dan fisika vitamin D, minyak jagung dan campuran keduanya dengan dosis radiasi 0,10,20 dan 30 kGy dan penyimpanan 0,1,2 dan 3 bulan. Penyimpanan untuk minyak jagung dilaksanakan pada suhu kamar (29 ± 2 0C), sedang untuk vitamin D dan campurannya disimpan ditempat yang sejuk (± 15°C).
Parameter yang diuji untuk minyak jagung meliputi bilangan asam, bilangan penyabunan, bilangan iod, bobot jenis, indeks bias, metil ester asam lemak dengan kromatografi Cairan-gas, kadar vitamin D . dengan spektrofotometer, titik lebur vitamin D dengan " Differential Thermal Analyzer " kestabilan vitamin D dan campurannya dengan kromatograf I cairan- cairan tekanan tinggi.
Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa bilangan iod, bobot
jenis, indeks bias dan metil ester asazu lemak dan minyak jagung tidak dipengaruhi.dosis radiasi dan penyimpanan. Iradiasi sampai 30 kGy memberikan pengaruh terhadap bilangan asam minyak jagung dan menurunkan kestabilan camnpuran. Penyimpanan member ikan pengaruh terhadap b ilangan penyabunan dan bilangan asam minyak jagung. Titik lebur, kadar dan kestabilan vitamin D menurun karena iradiasi sampai 30kGy dan penyimpanan saiapai 3 bulan.

Studies on effect of irradiation by gamma rays on
chemical and physical characteristics of vitamine D, corn
oil and their mixture with radiation dose 0,10,20.and 30 kGy
respectively and storage for 0,1,2 and 3 months have been
done. Corn oil was stored at room temperature (29 ± 2°C)
while vitamine D and the mixture were in a cool place
(.± 15°C).
The parameter studied were acid value, saponification
value, iod value, 'density, refraction index, fatty acid metil
ester of corn oil with Gas Liquid Chromatography; vitamine
•D assays with Spectrophotometre; melting 'point of vitamine
D with Differential Thermal Analyzer where stability
of vitamine D and the mixture by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography.
The results obtained, didn't show any influence of
radiation dose and storage periode towards iod value, density,
refraction index and fatty acid meti1 ester of corn oil.
Irradiation dose up to 30 kGy affected the acid value of
corn oil and decreased the mixture stability, while storage
periode changed saponification and acid value of corn oil.
Irradiation dose up to 30 kGy and storage until 3 months reduced
melting point, stability and concentration of vitamine
D.
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Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 1985
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ladiya Puspita Ningrum
"ABSTRAK
Pada negara yang mayoritas memiliki lahan pertanian seperti Indonesia, pupuk berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas produksi tanaman. Untuk efisiensi pemberian pupuk, dikembangkan kopolimer untuk memodifikasi pupuk agar memiliki sifat pelepasan lambat. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis kopolimer dari onggok-kitosan-akrilamida AAm dengan teknik iradiasi sinar gamma yang bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah, penekanan biaya produksi, serta menciptakan kopolimer yang biodegradable. Kopolimer dibuat dengan komposisi onggok 2 -kitosan 2 w/v dan akrilamida yang divariasikan. Selain itu, dilakukan variasi dosis iradiasi sinar gamma 5, 10, 15, dan 20 kGy . Hasil yang diperoleh kopolimer optimum dengan AAm 7 dosis iradiasi 15 kGy sebagai bahan modifikasi pupuk fosfat dengan hasil pengujian dari fraksi gel, pengembangan larutan pupuk, dan pelepasan lambat pupuk fosfat masing-masing 79,13 ; 619,59 ; 11,51 . kopolimer optimum dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR, DSC, dan SEM. Pengukuran sifat pelepasan lambat dilakukan dengan metode absorbsi-desorbsi. Kinetika reaksi pelepasan pupuk dari kopolimer diperoleh mengikuti orde pertama. Energi aktivasi dapat diperoleh dengan menghubungkan konstanta laju dan temperatur, yaitu sebesar 38024,08 J/mol. Kualitas dari kopolimer dipengaruhi oleh komposisi kitosan dan akrilamida serta dosis iradiasi, sedangkan absorbsi-desorbsi pupuk dipengaruhi oleh waktu perendaman, pH, dan temperatur.

ABSTRACT
In a country with majority of the land is dominated with agriculture like Indonesia, fertilizer plays an important role for increasing the quality of plants production. To ensure the efficiency of fertilizer application, copolymer is developed to modify the fertilizer in order to has slow release properties. This research shows how copolymer was synthesized from tapioca waste chitosan acrylamide with gamma ray irradiation method. The objective is to utilize waste, cost efficiency, and to create biodegradable copolymers. copolymers are made with composition of tapioca waste 2 w v chitosan 2 w v and varied acrylamide. Moreover, dose variation of gamma ray irradiation is also conducted 5, 10, 15, and 20 kGy . The result shows the optimum copolymers with AAm 7 and dose irradiation 15 kGy appropriate as good material for phosphate release fertilizer modification based on gel fraction testing, swelling fertilizer solution, and slow release phosphate fertilizer 79,13 619,59 11,51 respectively. Optimum copoolymer product is characterized with FTIR, DSC, SEM. Slow release properties is measured through absorption desorption method. The kinetics of fertilizer release from copolymer is achieved in first order. Activation energy is achieved through connecting the rate constant and temperature, which is 38024,08 J mol. In conclusion, quality of copolymers is affected by chitosan and acrylamide also irradiation dosen, while absorption desorption id affected by immersion time, pH, and temperature. "
2017
S67606
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Susanto
"Iradiasi gamma banyak digunakan oleh beberapa industri obat herbal sebagai metode pengawetan yang efisien dalam mengurangi kontaminasi mikroorganisme. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh iradiasi gamma (0; 5; 7.5; and 10 kGy) pada ekstrak etanol H. sabdariffa (EEHS) terhadap uji total mikroorganisme, total kandungan fenol dan flavonoid, aktivitas antioksidan, TLC profiling, total kuersetin dan bobot molekul, aktivitas penghambatan terhadap enzim α-glukosidase dan in-vitro analisis terhadap galur sel kanker manusia (A-549,HUT-78, dan MCF-7). Iradiasi dosis 5 kGy menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya kapang yang tumbuh dan terjadi penurunan jumlah total bakteri, lebih lanjut iradiasi pada dosis 10 kGy tidak terjadi pertumbuhan bakteri. Analisis total fenol, dan flavonoid, serta aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan adanya penurunan sebesar 5-11% setelah diiradiasi pada dosis 5 kGy. Analisis profil TLC dan HPLC menunjukkan bahwa salah satu senyawa dalam EEHS adalah kuersetin yang ditunjukan dengan adanya [M+H]+ pada m/z 303,04 dari hasil analisis LC-Ms/Ms. EEHS juga memiliki penghambatan terhadap aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase dengan nilai penghambatan 4,75-7,55%. Uji aktivitas anti kanker terhadap galur sel kanker manusia menunjukkan bahwa EEHS memiliki kemampuan menginhibisi sel kanker sangat kuat dengan nilai IC50 < 20 µg/mL. Lebih lanjut, khasiat anti kanker paling kuat terhadap HUT-78, dengan nilai IC50 10,51 µg/mL, diikuti terhadap MCF-7 (IC50 13,39 µg/mL), dan  A-549 (IC50 14,19 µg/mL). Diketahui pula bahwa iradiasi dosis 5-10 kGy mampu menurunkan aktivitas anti kanker, namun penurunan tersebut tidak menghilangkan aktivitasnya yang ditandai nilai IC50 < 20 µg/mL. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa iradiasi gamma dapat digunakan sebagai pengawetan pada ekstrak etanol H. sabdariffa Linn.

Gamma irradiation is widely used by many herbal medicine industries as an efficient preservative method in reducing microorganism contamination. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation (0; 5; 7.5; and 10 kGy) on the ethanol extract of H. sabdariffa (EEHS) toward the total microorganism test, total phenol and flavonoid contents, antioxidant activity, TLC profile, total quercetin and its molecular weight, inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme , as well as in-vitro bioassay against human cancer cell lines (A-549, HUT-78, and MCF-7). Irradiation at a dose of 5 kGy showed that no mold grew and there was a decrease in the total number of bacteria, moreover at a dose of 10 kGy there was no bacterial growth. Analysis of total phenols and flavonoids, as well as antioxidant activitiy showed a decrease of 5-11% after irradiation at a dose of 5 kGy. TLC and HPLC profile analysis showed that one of the compounds in the H. sabdariffa extract was quercetin which was indicated by the presence of [M+H]+ at m/z = 303.04 from the LC-MS/MS analysis. EEHS also had inhibitoty  activity against α-glucosidase enzyme with the inhibition value of 4.75-7.55%. Bioassay anticancer against human cancer cell lines showed that EEHS had a very strong ability to inhibit cancer cells with the IC50 value < 21 µg/mL. Furthermore, the anti-cancer properties were strongest against HUT-78 with the IC50 value of 10.51 µg/mL, followed by MCF-7 (IC50 13.39 µg/mL), and A-549 (IC50 14.19 µg/mL). It is also known that irradiation doses of 5-10 kGy could reduce anti-cancer activity, however the decrease did not eliminate its activity which was the IC50 values still lower than 20 µg/mL. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that gamma irradiation can be used as a preservative method for ethanol extract of H. sabdariffa Linn."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2023
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Muhammad Yunus
"Beras berwarna memiliki nutrisi lebih baik karena mengandung pigmen antosianin. Kandungan antosianin beras dipengaruhi oleh pemaparan iradiasi sinar gama dan masa penyimpanan. Pemaparan iradiasi sinar gama dapat menginduksi radikal bebas sehingga memicu sintesis antosianin atau memutus ikatan glikosidik antosianin. Kandungan antosianin juga dapat teroksidasi selama masa penyimpanan. Pemaparan sinar gama pada enam beras hitam dan merah dengan variasi dosis 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, dan 30 kGy serta disimpan selama 6 bulan. Antosianin dianalisis menggunakan metode perbedaan pH. Hasil pemaparan iradiasi sinar gama menyebabkan peningkatan kandungan antosianin tertinggi pada beras hitam yaitu Botanik (50,264 menjadi 82,743 mg/100g) dan Jatiluwih (15,697 menjadi 32,228 mg/100g). Beras hitam lainnya mengalami penurunan antosianin terendah yaitu Hariku (27,553 menjadi 14,110 mg/100g), Seblang Banyuwangi (33,481 menjadi 13,943 mg/100g), dan Jawa Melik (53,353 menjadi 31,060 mg/100g). Pada beras merah, kandungan antosianin tertinggi yaitu Cempo Sleman (1,252 menjadi 20,539 mg/100g), Seblang Banyuwangi (2,672 menjadi 17,867 mg/100g), Jatiluwih (2,254 menjadi 43,000 mg/100g), Bronrice (6,680 menjadi 19,287 mg/100g), PK Sundakala (1,085 menjadi 20,289 m/100g), dan Healthy Choice (2,004 menjadi 23,044 mg/100g). Selain itu, penyimpanan selama 6 bulan cenderung meningkatkan kandungan antosianin pada beras hitam dan merah.

Colored rice has better nutrition because it contains anthocyanin pigments. The anthocyanin content of rice is influenced by exposure gamma radiation and storage time. Gamma radiation exposure can induce free radicals, triggering anthocyanin synthesis or breaking anthocyanin glycosidic bonds. Anthocyanin content can also be oxidized during storage. Six varieties of black and red rice were exposed to gamma radiation at doses of 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 kGy, followed by a 6-month storage period. Anthocyanins were analyzed using the pH difference method. The results of gamma radiation exposure caused the highest increase anthocyanin content in black rice, namely Botanik (50.264 to 82.743 mg/100g) and Jatiluwih (15.697 to 32.228 mg/100g). Other black rice varieties experienced the lowest decrease in anthocyanin, namely Hariku (27.553 to 14.110 mg/100g), Seblang Banyuwangi (33.481 to 13.943 mg/100g), and Jawa Melik (53.353 to 31.060 mg/100g). The highest red rice anthocyanin content was in Cempo Sleman (1.252 to 20.539 mg/100g), Seblang Banyuwangi (2.672 to 17.867 mg/100g), Jatiluwih (2.254 to 43.000 mg/100g), Bronrice (6.680 to 19.287 mg/100g), PK Sundakala (1.085 to 20.289 mg/100g), and Healthy Choice (2.004 to 23.044 mg/100g). Anthocyanin Storage for 6 months tended to increase anthocyanin content in both black and red rice."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2024
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Muhammad Imam Surya
"ABSTRAK
Sweet sorghum is a kind of sorghum that contains high content of sugar in its stem. Sweet sorghum has a big potential to be developed in Indonesia owing to its wide adaptation and the fact that it can be used as raw material for liquid sugar, syrup, ethanol, and also as animal feed. Sweet sorghum has not been developed in Indonesia because of lack of a sweet sorghum variety. Improvement of available sweet sorghum genotype can be done among others through plant breeding program. First step on the plant breeding program is to increase the plant genetic variability. This might be done by introduction of varieties or by breeding to create new varieties. Induced mutation using Gamma irradiation can be used to increase the genetic variability of sweet sorghum. Mutation breeding using Gamma irradiation in sweet sorghum was aimed at improving the yield and quality of sweet sorghum.
This research was conducted to study the effect of Gamma irradiation on sweet sorghum growth in the M1 generation, and to estimate the optimal dose range suitably for the breeding program. Beside, the objective of this research was to evaluate the genetic variability for the purpose of plant selection in the M2 generation.
Plant materials consisted of 2 sweet sorghum lines introduced from ICRISAT namely line No. 79 and No. 83. Non-saccharin sorghum of local variety Fiigari was used as a control. The doses of Gamma irradiation treatment were 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 Gy. The Ml plants were sown in greenhouse at PATIR-BATAN Jakarta, and then were transplanted in the experimental field at Balitbiogen, Bogor. The M2 plants were grown in the experimental field at Lubang Buaya, Jakarta. Important agronomic traits such as plant height, spike length, stem diameter, and grain weight/spike were observed.
The results indicated that sorghum lines gave different response to Gamma irradiation, and all measured variables were significantly affected. Irradiation gave morphology and physiology damages on sorghum like abnormality, sterility, and lethality in the Ml generation. The increase of irradiation doses increased physiological damage. Effective doses of Gamma irradiation for sweet sorghum was to be around 400-500 Gy, and the lethal doses 50% of sweet sorghum was around 800-1000 Gy. Putative mutation sometimes could be observed in the M2 generation. The treatment of Gamma increased genetic variability of plant height, spike length, stem diameter, and grain weight/spike. The highest genetic variability was found in the dose treatment of 200-300 Gy. Within this interval dose, there might be high probability to find desirable mutants for further breeding purpose. A number of 38 plants had been selected from the M2 population as putative mutants.
"
2007
T20182
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hadi Suprayitno
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2001
S49153
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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