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"ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi molaseterhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkanlovastatin. Proses fermentasi dilakukan dalam medium Czapek?s Dox Broth(CDB) modifikasi dengan perlakuan variasi konsentrasi molase (0 g/L, 55 g/L, 60g/L, 65 g/L, 70 g/L, 75 g/L, 80 g/L, dan 85 g/L) selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang(27--30˚C) dengan kecepatan agitasi 90 rpm. Ekstraksi senyawa lovastatindilakukan dengan pelarut etil asetat. Pengujian ekstrak lovastatin dilakukandengan metode difusi agar cara cakram terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata indeks penghambatan tertinggisebesar 0,49 ± 0,07 diperoleh dari ekstrak lovastatin dengan perlakuan molase 70g/L. Analisis uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) menunjukkanbahwa terdapat pengaruh nyata perlakuan konsentrasi molase terhadapkemampuan A. flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Analisiskualitatif dan kuantitatif lovastatin dengan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi(KCKT) menunjukkan keberadaan senyawa lovastatin pada perlakuan molase 70g/L dengan waktu retensi sama dengan lovastatin standar, yaitu 4,5 menit dengankadar 1,1 mg/L.

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ABSTRACTThis research was carried out to determine the effect of concentration variation ofmolasses on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. Thefermentation process was carried out using Czapek's Dox Broth (CDB) containingvariation of molasses concentrations (0 g /L, 55 g /L, 60 g/L, 65 g/L, 70 g/L, 75g/L, 80 g/L, and 85 g/L) for 7 days at room temperature (27--30˚C) with agitationspeed of 90 rpm. Extraction of lovastatin was done with ethyl acetate solvent.Lovastatin extracts were tested using agar disc diffusion method against Candidaalbicans UICC Y-29. The result revealed that the highest inhibition index of 0.49± 0.07 was obtained from lovastatin extracts-treated molasses 70 g/L. Analysisusing Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0.05) indicated that there wassignificant difference on the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin atdifferent molasses concentration. Qualitative and quantitative analysis oflovastatin using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) proved thatlovastatin was present at 70 g/L molasses with the same retention time tolovastatin standard, which was 4.5 minutes, at concentration of 1.1 mg/L."

"Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 merupakan fungi yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa lovastatin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Proses fermentasi menggunakan konsentrasi inokulum Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 sebesar 1,96% (v/v) dalam medium Czapek?s Dox Broth (CDB) modifikasi dengan variasi konsentrasi urea (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, dan 67 mM) dan inkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang (27--300C) dengan kecepatan agitasi 90 rpm. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dalam etil asetat diuji terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29 menggunakan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM mempunyai indeks penghambatan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 0,54 ± 0,15. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Rf ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM sama dengan lovastatin standar, yaitu 0,42 yang mengindikasikan ekstrak mengandung lovastatin. Uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nyata variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemberian variasi konsentrasi urea berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

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Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek?s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candida albicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15.

Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant difference in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin."

"Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 has been reported to produce lovastatin. This research was carried out to determine the effect of concentration variation of glucose technical grade on the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process was carried out using inoculum 2% (v/v) modified Czapek's Dox Broth (CDB). Variation of glucose technical grade concentration used were 0 g/L, 5 g/L, 10 g/L, 15 g/L, 20 g/L, 25 g/L, 30 g/L and 35 g/L. Fermentation was carried out for 6 days at room temperature (27--30ºC) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Extraction of lovastatin was done with ethyl acetate solvent. The extract was assayed by disk diffusion method against Candida albicans UICC Y-29.

The results revealed that the fermentation extract on glucose technical grade at 15 g/L showed the highest inhibition index of 0.77 ± 0.09. Analysis using Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0.05) showed there was significant difference on the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin at different glucose technical grade concentration. High Performance of Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) showed that concentration of 15 g/L glucose technical grade had the same retention time with standard lovastatin at 4.52 minutes and 54.2 mg/L concentration."

"[ABSTRAKAspergillus flavus UICC 360 merupakan fungi yang mampu menghasilkan senyawa metabolit sekunder berupa lovastatin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Proses fermentasi menggunakan konsentrasi inokulum Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 sebesar 1,96% (v/v) dalam medium Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) modifikasi dengan variasi konsentrasi urea (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, dan 67 mM) dan inkubasi selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang (27--300C) dengan kecepatan agitasi 90 rpm. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dalam etil asetat diuji terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29 menggunakan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM mempunyai indeks penghambatan rata-rata tertinggi sebesar 0,54 ± 0,15. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bahwa nilai Rf ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari konsentrasi urea 42 mM sama dengan lovastatin standar, yaitu 0,42 yang mengindikasikan ekstrak mengandung lovastatin. Uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan nyata variasi konsentrasi urea terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemberian variasi konsentrasi urea berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

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ABSTRACTAspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candida albicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant differences in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin.;Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candida albicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant differences in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin.;Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candida albicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant differences in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin., Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 is capable of producing secondary metabolites such as lovastatin. The study aims to determine the effect of variations of urea concentration on the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The fermentation process using 1.96% (v/v) inoculum concentration of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in the Czapek’s Dox Broth (CDB) medium modified with urea concentration variations (0 mM, 33 mM, 42 mM, 50 mM, 58 mM, and 67 mM) and incubated for 7 days at room temperature (27--30 °C) with agitation speed of 90 rpm. Ethyl acetate extracts were tested against Candida albicans UICC Y-29 using agar disc diffusion method. The extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the highest average of inhibition index of 0.54 ± 0.15. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that the extract from fermentation medium of 42 mM urea has the same Rf value with lovastatin standard Rf 0.42 which indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference (LSD) test showed that there were significant differences in the urea concentration variation in the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. It shows that variation of urea concentrations affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin.]"

"ABSTRAKAspergillus flavus UICC 360 telah diketahui mampu menghasilkan lovastatinpada fermentasi menggunakan sumber nitrogen NaNO3. Penelitian bertujuanuntuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi NH4NO3 terhadap kemampuankapang tersebut dalam menghasilkan lovastatin. Fermentasi menggunakanmedium Czapek’s Dox Broth modifikasi dengan variasi konsentrasi NH4NO3 (0mM; 25,00 mM; 31,25 mM; 37,50 mM; 43,75 mM; dan 50,00 mM). Aspergillusflavus UICC 360 dengan konsentrasi inokulum sebesar 1,96% (v/v)diinokulasikan ke dalam medium, kemudian diagitasi 90 rpm, pada suhu ruang(27o--30oC) selama 7 hari untuk mendapatkan ekstrak hasil fermentasi. Pengujianekstrak lovastatin di dalam etil asetat dilakukan terhadap Candida albicans UICCY-29 dengan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi denganperlakuan 37,50 mM NH4NO3 menunjukkan indeks penghambatan tertinggi, yaitusebesar 0,84 ± 0,07. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) ekstrak hasilfermentasi perlakuan 25,00 mM NH4NO3 dan 37,50 mM NH4NO3 memiliki Rf(0,45), perlakuan 31,25 mM NH4NO3 dan 43,75 mM NH4NO3 memiliki Rf (0,47),sedangkan nilai Rf perlakuan 50 mM NH4NO3 (0,48). Nilai Rf ekstrak hasilfermentasi tersebut hampir sama dengan Rf lovastatin standar, yaitu (0,46),sehingga mengindikasikan adanya senyawa lovastatin di dalam ekstrak. Hasil ujiperbandingan berganda Least Significant Differences (LSD) (P < 0,05)menunjukkan adanya pengaruh nyata pemberian variasi konsentrasi NH4NO3terhadap kemampuan A. flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

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ABSTRACTAspergillus flavus UICC 360 has been reported to produce lovastatin infermentation by using nitrogen source such as NaNO3. The research aims todetermine the effect of variations of NH4NO3 concentration on the ability of A.flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. Fermentation was carried out by usingCzapek's Dox Broth modified with variations of NH4NO3 concentration (0 mM;25.00 mM; 31.25 mM; 37.50 mM; 43.75 mM; and 50.00 mM). Aspergillus flavusUICC 360 with inoculum concentration of 1.96% (v/v) was inoculated into themedium and then agitated 90 rpm, at room temperature (27o--30oC) for 7 days toobtain the fermentation extract. Extract in ethyl acetate was tested with a discdiffusion method against Candida albicans UICC Y-29. The extract from thefermentation using 37.50 mM NH4NO3 showed the highest inhibition index 0.84± 0.07. The results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) of extract from thefermentation of using 25.00 mM NH4NO3 and 37.50 mM NH4NO3 have Rf (0.45),31.25 mM NH4NO3 and 43.75 mM NH4NO3 have Rf (0.47), and 50 mM NH4NO3have Rf (0.48). The Rf value of extracts have nearly similiar with a lovastatinstandard 0.46 which indicated there was lovastatin in the extract. The results ofLeast Significant Differences (LSD) (P <0.05) showed there was a significanteffect of NH4NO3 concentration variation in the ability of A. flavus UICC 360 toproduce lovastatin."

"ABSTRAKAspergillus flavus UICC 360 koleksi Universitas Indonesia Culture Collection (UICC) telah diteliti dan diuji mampu menghasilkan lovastatin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi konsentrasi amonium sulfat (0 mM, 15,15 mM, 18,94 mM, 22,73 mM, 26,52 mM, dan 30,30 mM) sebagai sumber nitrogen terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 menghasilkan lovastatin. Fermentasi menggunakan 1,96% (v/v) inokulum sel kapang selama 7 hari pada medium Czapek?s Dox Broth modifikasi dalam suhu ruang (27--30oC) dengan pengocokan 90 rpm. Ekstrak dalam etil asetat diuji terhadap Candida albicans UICC Y-29 dengan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi dari perlakuan 22,73 mM amonium sulfat memiliki kemampuan tertinggi menghambat Candida albicans UICC Y-29 dengan indeks penghambatan rata-rata 0,94 ± 0,06. Hasil Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak hasil fermentasi perlakuan amonium sulfat 15,15 mM memiliki nilai Rf sama dengan lovastatin standar sebesar 0,48. Ekstrak hasil fermentasi perlakuan amonium sulfat 18,94 mM, 22,73 mM, 26,52 mM, dan 30,30 mM memiliki nilai Rf hampir sama dengan nilai Rf lovastatin standar. Hasil KLT tersebut dapat mengindikasikan ekstrak mengandung lovastatin. Uji Least Significant Difference (LSD) (P<0,05) menunjukkan ada perbedaan nyata variasi konsentrasi amonium sulfat terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 menghasilkan lovastatin. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh variasi konsentrasi amonium sulfat terhadap kemampuan Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dalam menghasilkan lovastatin.

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ABSTRACTThe ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin had been shown in previous study. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of variation in ammonium sulphate concentration at 0 mM, 15.15 mM, 18.94 mM, 22.73 mM, 26.52 mM, and 30.30 mM toward the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in producing lovastatin. Fermentation was carried out by using 1.96% (v/v) of inoculum in modified Czapek?s Dox Broth for seven days at room temperature (27--30oC) with 90 rpm agitation. The extract in ethyl acetate was tested by disk diffusion method against Candida albicans UICC Y-29. The extract from fermentation of 22.73 mM ammonium sulphate showed the highest inhibition index of 0.94 ± 0.06. The result of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) showed that extract from fermentation of 15.15 mM ammonium sulphate had similar Rf value with lovastatin standard. Meanwhile, extract from fermentation of 18.94 mM, 22.73 mM, 26.52 mM, and 30.30 mM ammonium sulphate had nearly similar Rf value with lovastatin standard. The TLC result indicated that the extract contained lovastatin. Least Significant Difference test (LSD) (P<0.05) showed there was significant difference of variation in ammonium sulphate concentration toward the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 to produce lovastatin. The result of this study showed that the variation in ammonium sulphate concentration affect the ability of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in producing lovastatin."

"ABSTRAK Tesis ini bertujuan menilai perbandingan efektivitas injeksi intravitrealvorikonazol 100 µg/0.1 mL dengan amfoterisin B 5 µg/0.1 mL pada endoftalmitisakibat Aspergillus flavus di hewan coba kelinci. Uji eksperimental tersamar acakdilakukan pada 15 kelinci albino New Zealand white yang terbagi menjadi tigakelompok, yaitu kelompok vorikonazol, amfoterisin B, dan kontrol. Parameteryang dinilai adalah perubahan klinis, pemeriksaan mikologi, dan perubahanhistopatologi jaringan. Perubahan skor klinis di akhir evaluasi tidak berbedabermakna antara kelompok vorikonazol dengan amfoterisin B, namun respons klinis cenderung lebih baik pada kelompok vorikonazol. Jumlah koloni jamur terkecil dan berbeda bermakna didapatkan pada kelompok amfoterisin B. Tidakdidapatkan perbedaan bermakna pada rerata nilai histopatologi jaringan keduakelompok, namun derajat inflamasi cenderung lebih ringan pada kelompok vorikonazol.ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µg voriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudy was conducted on 15 albino New Zealand white rabbits, which latter allocated into three differenttreatment group of voriconazole, amphotericin B, and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, while mycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between the mean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. ;The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µgvoriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudywasconductedon15albinoNewZealandwhiterabbits,whichlatterallocatedintothreedifferenttreatmentgroupofvoriconazole,amphotericinB,and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, whilemycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between themean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. ;The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µgvoriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudywasconductedon15albinoNewZealandwhiterabbits,whichlatterallocatedintothreedifferenttreatmentgroupofvoriconazole,amphotericinB,and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, whilemycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between themean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. ;The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of intravitreal 100 µgvoriconazole and 5 µg amphotericin B treatment against Aspergillus flavus in anexogenous endophthalmitis model in rabbit eyes. A randomized, controlledexperimentalstudywasconductedon15albinoNewZealandwhiterabbits,whichlatterallocatedintothreedifferenttreatmentgroupofvoriconazole,amphotericinB,and control. Clinical grading were performed at multiple times, whilemycology analysis and histopathological examination were performed at 10 daysafter treatment. No significant change in clinical grading was found between the treatment group, but voriconazole group showed better response tendency. The smallest number of fungal colony forming unit was found significantly in theamphotericin B group. No significant difference was found, however, between themean histopathological score of the two treatment groups, but the tendency of a lower inflammation score was shown in voriconazole group. "

"Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 telah diketahui dapat menghasilkan senyawa anti-Candida albicans. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi natrium nitrat terhadap kemampuan anti-C. albicans dari Aspergillus flavus UICC 360. Sebanyak (2,8--3,7) x 107 CFU/ml inokulum Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 dengan konsentrasi 1,96% (v/v), diinokulasikan ke dalam medium Czapek?s Dox Broth yang berisi variasi konsentrasi natrium nitrat (0 mM, 23 mM, 29 mM, 35 mM, 41 mM, dan 47 mM). Fermentasi dilakukan selama 7 hari pada suhu ruang (27--30° C). Pengujian kemampuan anti-C. albicans dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode difusi agar cara cakram. Kemampuan anti-C. albicans ditunjukkan oleh terbentuknya zona hambat. Uji perbandingan berganda Least Significancy Difference (LSD) (P < 0,05) memperlihatkan adanya pengaruh nyata pemberian variasi konsentrasi natrium nitrat terhadap ukuran diameter zona hambat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan NaNO3 29 mM (ekstrak E3 dalam etil asetat) merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk aktivitas anti-C. albicans, ditandai dengan diameter zona hambat, yaitu 8,70 ± 0,53 mm (setara dengan nistatin pada konsentrasi 1.581,8 ppm).

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Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 has been known to produce anti-Candida albicans compound. The research aims to determine the effect of sodium nitrate concentration on Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in producing anti-C. albicans. Inoculum of (2.8--3.7) x 107 CFU/ml of Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 in 1.96% (v/v) concentration was inoculated into Czapek's Dox Broth medium containing various sodium nitrate concentration (0 mM, 23 mM, 29 mM, 35 mM, 41 mM, and 47 mM).

The fermentation was carried out for 7 days at 27--30° C. Investigation of anti-C. albicans test was carried out by disc agar diffusion method. Anti-C. albicans from Aspergillus flavus UICC 360 was shown by the formation of inhibitory zones. Least Significancy Difference test (P < 0.05) showed significant effect of the varying sodium nitrate concentration on inhibitory zone diameter.

The result showed that highest anti-C. albicans was shown by highest inhibition zone diameter at 8.70 ± 0.53 (equivalent to the activity of nystatin at concentration of 1,581.8 ppm) which was achieved at 29 mM NaNO3 (extract of E3 in ethyl acetate)."

"Kapang Aspergillus terreus menghasiikan suatu metabolit skunderyang tergolong ke dalam kelompok senyawa statin yaitu lovastatln. Senyawastatin merupakan senyawa penurun kadar kolesterol dengan caramenginhibisi enzim HMG-CoA reduktase pada biosintesis kolesterol. KapangAspergillus terreus yang digunakan adalah Aspergillus terreus UlCC 368.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perubahan pH mediafermentasi terhadap produksi lovastatin menggunakan fermentasi media cair.Hasil fermentasi Aspergillus terreus UlCC 368 dianalisis pienggunakan TLC,LCMS, GCMS dan kromatografi kolom. Pra eksperimen dilakukan dengankondisi sebagai berikut; waktu inkubasi sampai 14 hari, kecepatan agitasi 150rpm, dilakukan pada suhu kamar (28-30°C) dan pH media 6,5. Dari hasil praeksperimen, terbukti Aspergillus terreus UlCC 368 positif menghasiikanlovastatin sejak hari ke-6 dan lovastatin masih terus diproduksi sampaidengan hari ke-12. Adanya lovastatin yang dihasilkan pada pra eksperimenmemungkinkan dilakukan tahap eksperimen selanjutnya, yaitu eksperimenvariasi pH media, dapat dilakukan dengan kapang yang sama. Eksperimenvariasi pH media dilakukan pada 5 nilai pH, yaitu: 6,00; 6,25; 6,50; 6,75 dan7,00 dengan kondisi kecepatan agitasi 150 rpm, waktu inkubasi 10 hari dandilakukan pada suhu kamar (28-30°C). Semua ekstrak eksperimen variasi pHmedia tidak ditemukan adanya lovastatin. Hal ini didukung oleh hasil analisisdengan TLC dan LCMS. Dengan tidak dihasilkannya lovastatin pada eksperimen ini menunjukkan bahwa AspergiHus terreus UlCC 368 dapatmenghasilkan lovastatin namun hasilnya tidak reproducible (bila dilakukanpengulangan belum tentu diperoleh hasil yang sama)."