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"For 300 years, the name of Sheikh Yusuf, son of Macassar was missing from the government's attention and public intellectual as well. But when Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa,. commemorated 300 years of the arrival of Sheikh Yusuf in Cape Town in 1994, since that time government institution civil society and academics from Indonesia and South Africa have been paying to attention to remember, understand and study him from various perspectives. By using concept of remembering and forgetting, this article shows that the process of remembering by the two countries did not take place in the empty space, but rely on psychological consideration of the individuals, communities and socio-political condition from the two countries. The process of forgetting constructed by the Dutch colonial state in 17th century became inversely proportional to the action of remembering the Sheikh Yusuf by African and Indonesian officials in 20th century. The proces of remembering shows its own dynamics ranging from individuals communities to public memory. When remembering Syekh Yusuf reached state memory or public memory it became a power that can define and plan a socio-political and economic agenda for the future by the countries."

"Buku ini memuat tentang biografi dari Sheikh Najib seorang tokoh Arab."

"The main theme of this book is that the attainment of universal human rights required heroic struggle, first by individuals and then by ever-increasing numbers of people who supported those views against the major his. This book argues that this struggle for national rights has been practically and logically contradictory with the struggle for universal rights. It would only be otherwise if there were free migration and access to citizenship on demand by anybody. "

"Contents :The movement -- Putting natural law principles into practice -- What are rights? -- International human rights law -- International humanitarian law -- Defying communism -- Rights on the other side of the Cold War divide -- Amnesty International -- Human Rights Watch -- The worldwide movement -- Accountability -- Rights after 9/11 -- Going forward."

"Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang dilakukan oleh Tentara Rusia selama Perang Chechnya Kedua. Selama periode Perang Chechnya kedua yang berlangsung dari 1 September 1999 hingga 19 April 2009 telah ditemukan sejumlah tindakan yang dikategorikan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Dalam rentetan peristiwa Perang Chechnya kedua, banyak terjadi persekusi dan pembunuhan terhadap warga sipil dan anggota milisi Chechnya yang tidak sesuai dengan norma-norma hukum internasional, khususnya berkaitan dengan prinsip hak asasi manusia. Pembangunan kamp filtrasi seperti Khankala, Pap-5, Internat dan GUOSCH merupakan contoh pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang dilakukan oleh tentara Rusia selama invasi Perang Chechnya kedua. Selain itu, beberapa fakta lain yang ditemukan oleh organisasi pengamat dan pejuang hak asasi manusia internasional menunjukkan dugaan adanya pelanggaran lain yang dilakukan tentara Rusia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus deskriptif dan eksploratif untuk menemukan jawaban-jawaban atas pertanyaan penelitian yang diajukan. Data-data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, antara lain berita koran dan daring, buku, artikel jurnal, dan laporan hasil penelitian lembaga internasional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan tentara Rusia telah melanggar norma-norma universal yang dimuat dalam pasal-pasal DUHAM, yaitu hak dalam hidup tanpa diskriminasi dan penyiksaan, hak dari penahanan secara sewenang-wenang, hak perlindungan diri dan keluarganya, hak atas pergerakan, hak atas kebebasan berekspresi, serta hak atas standar hidup dan pendidikan. Mereka melanggar Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia dengan cara mengebom tanpa diskriminasi, melakukan operasi Zahistka, memberlakukan buruk terhadap para pengungsi, penangkapan secara sewenang-wenang, penculikan dan penghilangan serta pembunuhan massal.

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This study will explore and analyse all the human right violation that done by Russian Army during Second Chechen War. During the period of Second Chechen War that Occurs between 1/09/1999 until 19/04/2009, there’re some action that can be found in which can be categorize to human right violation. During series of event that took place during Second Chechen War, there were many persecution and murder toward Chechen citizen and militant that’s not accordance to international law, especially human right principle. Camp filtration building like Khankala, Pap-5, Internat dan GUOSCH were example of human right violation by Rusian Army during Invasion of Chechen. Not only that, there’re many other facts that found by observation organisation and human right fighter that pointed toward allegations of other human right violations by Russian army. This study will use quality approach and study method of description and exploration to find many answer at the question that this study filed. All the data that will be using in this study were article from newspaper and website, book, journal article and report of a study from international organisation. This study will conclude that Russian Army were violate universal norm i article of Universal Declaration of Human Right, like right to live without disclination and torture, right from arbitrary detention, right toward protection to themself and their family, right toward movement, right toward freedom of expression, and right toward live standard and education."