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"ABSTRAKMultiple Travelling Salesman Problem (M-TSP) adalah masalah pencarian rute perjalanan optimal dari n kota oleh m salesman dengan m < n, dengan tiap kota hanya dapat dikunjungi satu kali dan oleh satu orang salesman saja. M-TSP merupakan perkembangan dari TSP dengan salesman lebih dari satu. Dalam tugas akhir ini akan dibahas M-TSP Single Depot yaitu M-TSP dengan kota awal perjalanan semua salesman berada di kota yang sama. Untuk menyelesaikan M-TSP digunakan Algoritma K-Means Clustering-Genetika, yaitu dengan membagi n kota yang ada menjadi m kluster kemudian tiap kluster akan diterapkan algoritma genetika dan pada akhirnya seluruh hasil yang didapat akan dijumlahkan untuk mengetahui total jarak tempuh seluruh salesman.

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ABSTRACTMultiple Travelling Salesman Problem (M-TSP) is a problem of finding an optimal travel route from n cities by m salesmen with m < n, the condition is that each city can only be visited once and only by one salesman. M-TSP is a development of the TSP problem which involves more than one salesman. M-TSP Single Depot, where all the salesmen start travelling from the same city, will be discussed in this final project. M-TSP will be solved by using the K-Means Clustering-Genetic Algorithm that divides n cities to m clusters and applies the genetic algorithm to each cluster, then all the results obtained will be summed to determine the total mileage of the whole salesman."

"Penjemputan dan Pengantaran Traveling Salesman Problem dengan aturan first-in-first-out (TSPPDF) merupakan suatu masalah pencarian rute untuk melayani sejumlah pelanggan dalam penjemputan dan sekaligus pengantaran dimana penjemputan dan pengantaran tersebut harus mengikuti aturan first-in-first-out (FIFO). Dimulai dari tempat asal (depot), mengunjungi semua tempat penjemputan dan tempat pengantaran, kemudian kembali ke tempat asal dengan total biaya atau jarak perjalanan minimal. Dalam tugas akhir ini, algoritma FIFO Nearest Neighbor (FNN) akan digunakan untuk menyelesaikan TSPPDF. Kemudian akan dibandingkan hasil penyelesaian TSPPDF yang menggunakan algoritma FNN dengan TSP solver. Setelah itu, hasil TSPPDF dari algoritma FNN akan dioptimalkan secara manual menggunakan algoritma Iterated Local Search (ILS).

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The pickup and delivery traveling salesman problem with first-in-first-out (TSPPDF) is a routing problem to service n customers in the pickup and delivery which is the pickup and delivery operations must be executed in a first-in-first-out (FIFO). Starting from an origin vertex (depot), visiting all the pick-up and delivery, then returned to an origin vertex with minimum total cost or distance. In this undergraduate thesis, the FIFO Nearest Neighbor algorithm (FNN) will be used to solve TSPPDF. Then the results of TSPPDF which uses an FNN algorithm will be compared with TSP solver. After that, the results of the FNN algorithm will be optimized manually using the Iterated Local Search (ILS) algorithm."

"One of most popular techniques of binary data classification in machine learning is support vector machine (SVM). SVM can be applied extensively in many fields such as pattern recognition regression analysis and probability estimation. SVM uses optimization wth quadratic programming which become unefficient when applied in a high dimensioal large dataset. Hence researchers develop"

"Berbagai penelitian tentang aliran daya (power flow) telah banyak dilakukan dengan variasi model pendekatan dan algoritma model solusi matematiknya."

"ABSTRAKKnapsack Problem (KP) merupakan masalah optimisasi dalam menentukan objekdari sekumpulan objek yang memiliki nilai dan bobot yang akan ditempatkan kedalam media penyimpanan dengan tujuan memaksimumkan nilai barang dengansyarat kapasitas bobot media penyimpanan terbatas. Dalam tugas akhir ini, akandibahas {0-1} Knapsack Problem ({0-1} KP) yang direpresentasikan dalambentuk graf berarah. Setelah direpresentasikan dalam bentuk graf berarah,kemudian dilakukan transformasi pada nilai busur pada graf berarah tersebut dandicari lintasan terpendek antar dua node. Untuk mencari lintasan terpendek,digunakan Algoritma Amoeboid Organism dengan inputnya adalah matriksadjacency dari graf berarah yang telah ditransformasi nilai busurnya dan matrikskonduktivitas. Output dari algoritma ini adalah menghasilkan matrikskonduktivitas yang elemen-elemennya bernilai mendekati 0 atau 1. Entri yangbernilai mendekati 1 merepresentasikan lintasan terpendek pada graf. Lintasanterpendek yang diperoleh akan menjadi solusi yang optimal pada {0-1} KP.

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ABSTRACTKnapsack Problem (KP) is optimization problem to choose object from set ofobjects which have profit and weight and the object will be placed in limitedstorage with total of profit is maksimum. First, will be explained aboutrepresenting {0-1} Knapsack Problem ({0-1} KP)to directed graph. After {0-1}KP is represented in directed graph, so transforming value of edge on directedgraph and dicari lintasan terpendek antar dua node. To search shortest path, useAmoeboid Organism Algorithm with adjacency matrices from directed graph andconductivity matrices as input. Output from this algorithm is produce conductivitymatrices with element which have value approach 0 and . Element which havevalue approach 1 represent shortest path on graph. Shortest path on graph isoptimal solution in {0-1} KP."

"One of the problems faced in applying neural network to some realworld application is related to difticulties in finding an optimum set of weightsand thresholds during the training phase. A general most method in tindingthese solutions for these problems is backpropagation.A different method to tind the solutions of the same problems isGenetic Algorithms. Genetic algorithm is relatively new search algorithm thathas not been fully explored in this area. ln this thesis, genetic algorithms areapplied to train neural networks and to evolve an optimum set of weights andthresholds. Process begin with encode neural networks parameters to binarychromosomes, and evaluate. The Spinning wheel selections are using toproduce offspring with high titness_ then recombinate with crossover andmutation as genetic operator.The proiect carried out investigates whether genetic atgonthms can beapplied to neural networks to solve pattem classitication and functionapproximation problems. This thesis describes tl1e simulation works thathave been perfomwed. It describes the design ofa genetic algorithm and theresults obtained. ln pattem classilication problem that use feedforwardnetwork show, that genetic algorithm is superior to backpropagation trainingrule in error and speed calculation. ln function approximation, the resultshows that genetic algorithm approach is very much slower than thebackpropagation method. Results' show that even for relatively simplenetwork, genetic algorithm requires a much longer time to Uain neuralnetworks-"