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"How do we come to be who we are? Why do we differ in our personalities? How do these differences matter in life? Individual Differences and Personality aims to describe how and why personality varies among people. Unlike books that focus on individual theorists, this book focuses on current research and theory on the nature of personality and related individual differences. The book begins by discussing how personality is measured, the concept of a personality trait, and the basic dimensions of personality. This leads to a discussion of the origins of personality, with descriptions of its developmental course, its biological causes, its genetic and environmental influences, and its evolutionary function. The concept of a personality disorder is then described, followed by a discussion of the influence of personality on life outcomes in relationships, work, and health. Finally, the book examines the important differences between individuals in the realms of mental abilities, of beliefs and attitudes, and of behavior."

"Dalam penelitian ini, sebuah skala yang terdiri dari 20 item untuk mengukur kecenderungan belanja impulsif secara umum, disusun serta diuji kesahihannya. Skala ini meliputi faktor kognitif (unsur tanpa perencanaan dan kesengajaan) dan faktor afektif (perasaan sukacita, bergairah, kompulsi, takterkendali, penyesalan) dari perilaku belanja impulsif. Hasil korelasi yang signifikan antara skala kecenderungan belanja impulsif dengan self report dari pembelanjaan impulsif paling akhir dilakukan oleh para subjek (71 orang mahasiswi dan 46 orang mahasiswa), merupakan bukti atas predictive validity dari skala tersebut. Selain itu, ditemukan pula kolerasi antara kecenderungan belanja impulsif dengan perbedaan individual yang dijabarkan dalam dimensi-dimensi kepribadian menurut five factor model. Kecenderungan belanja impulsif berkaitan dengan dimensi agreeableness yang rendah. Secara lebih spesifik, aspek kogniitif dari kecenderungan belanja impulsif ini berhubungan dengan conscientiousness yang rendah; sedangkan aspek afektif dari kecenderungan belanja impulsif berhubungan dengan neuroticism tinggi. Hasil-hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kecenderungan belanja impulsif memiliki dasar yang kuat dalam kepribadian."

"Abstract:"What are personality disorders? How should they be conceptualized, and how should they be assessed and diagnosed in clinical practice? For over a century these questions have been at the heart of psychological science. Yet even today, as the recent controversy over proposed changes to the classification of personality disorders in DSM-5 attests, there is hardly consensus on the answers. This groundbreaking text offers a comprehensive and provocative tour of a field that is ripe for integration. Contributors who rank among the world's most prestigious clinical and personality psychologists guide readers through the state of our knowledge of personality disorders, from conceptual and theoretical concerns to the practical problems faced by assessing clinicians. They address the advantages and disadvantages of categorical and dimensional approaches to diagnosing personality pathology used in the standard diagnostic manuals, as well as the "hybrid" model described in Section III of DSM-5. Recent advances in statistical, methodological, and biogenetic research strategies are applied to the study of personality disorders, with a focus on clinical and empirical approaches to assessment and diagnosis. Theorists describe how psychodynamic, attachment, interpersonal, evolutionary, and cognitive processing approaches offer surprisingly similar models of conceptualizing and treating personality disorders"--Publicity materials. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved)."

"Measures of personality and social psychological constructs assists researchers and practitioners by identifying and reviewing the best scales/measures for a variety of constructs. Each chapter discusses test validity, reliability, and utility. Authors have focused on the most often used and cited scales/measures, with a particular emphasis on those published in recent years. Each scale is identified and described, the sample on which it was developed is summarized, and reliability and validity data are presented, followed by presentation of the scale, in full or in part, where such permission has been obtained.Measures fall into five broad groups. The emotional disposition section reviews measures of general affective tendencies, and/or cognitive dispositions closely linked to emotion. These measures include hope and optimism, anger and hostility, life satisfaction, self-esteem, confidence, and affect dimensions. Emotion regulation scales go beyond general dispositions to measure factors that may contribute to understanding and managing emotions. These measures include alexithymia, empathy, resiliency, coping, sensation seeking, and ability and trait emotional intelligence. The interpersonal styles section introduces some traditional social?psychological themes in the context of personality assessment. These measures include adult attachment, concerns with public image and social evaluation, and forgiveness. The vices and virtues section reflects adherence to moral standards as an individual characteristic shaped by sociocultural influences and personality. These measures include values and moral personality, religiosity, dark personalities (Machiavellianism,narcissism, and subclinical psychopathy), and perfectionism. The sociocultural interaction and conflict section addresses relationships between different groups and associated attitudes. These measures include cross-cultural values, personality and beliefs, intergroup contact, stereotyping and prejudice, attitudes towards sexual orientation, and personality across cultures."