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"La chirurgia estetica è un tema ormai entrato saldamente nell’immaginario collettivo ed è spesso oggetto di dibattiti e controversie. È un argomento che mescola medicina e costume, scienza e “civiltà dell’immagine”, cura di sé e narcisismo. Questo volume, scritto a quattro mani da un accademico e da una giornalista di costume, è una sorta di guida pratica ma autorevole per coloro che intendono avvicinarsi all’universo della chirurgia estetica. Ogni età della vita viene considerata dal punto di vista degli interventi possibili e delle problematiche che si affacciano a ogni nuova fase: l’acne, le cicatrici, la cellulite, il seno post-parto. Che cosa accade fra i venti e i trent’anni? E quando iniziano gli “anta”? Domanda e risposta su quando e come intervenire, perché prediligere un intervento a un altro, e quando invece la chirurgia risulta inutile. E ancora: che panorama si presenta agli uomini che intendono servirsi di ritocchi e lifting? Passando in rassegna le principali tecniche e i metodi non invasivi, i volume indica al lettore come affrontare e sfruttare le opportunità offerte da questo campo chirurgico senza correre rischi."

"Objective : To measure sensitivity and specificity diagnostic finding of convensional radiography in midfacial fractur performed at the Emergency room of Cipto Hospital and to evaluate its quality.

Design and Main Outcome Measures: In this diagnostic testing 35 patients with clinical signs of midfacial fracture were investigated. All patient underwent radiography examination at the Emergency room (Anteroposterior, Lateral and reverse Waters view). X ray photo were expertised by a plastic surgeon and a radiologist, both of them without knowing the clinical conditions, and by the residen who received the patient at the ER. Then we compare radiographic and intraoperative findings as goal standard, The results were analyzed by statistical testing (for sensitivity, specificity, positive, negative predictive value).

Results: The result showed that sensitivity and specificity varied between plastic surgeon, radiologist and residen but still high, and we noted that clinical examinations revealed to be very helpful in the assessment of an inadequate imaging fracture.

Conclusion: Conventional radiography performe at the Emergency Room of Cipto hospital has high specificity although the quality is considered substandard. Clinical findings is still very important to distinguished uncertain fracture."

"Latar Belakang: Tujuan dari manajemen luka bakar adalah untuk menginiasi penutupan luka dini atau epitelisasi, dan untuk mencegah komplikasi akibat sepsis. Namun, dari praktik harian kami, diagnosis dini, terutama dalam menentukan kedalaman luka bakar pada fase akut, cukup sulit karena proses luka bakar terus berlangsung. Pengukuran objektif merupakan metode tambahan yang baik untuk membantu dokter mengevaluasi kedalaman luka bakar, misalnya pencitraan termal FLIR ONE. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi validitas FLIR ONE termografi sebagai alat untuk menilai kedalaman luka bakar, dan keandalan evaluasi klinis dan FLIR ONE yang dilakukan oleh ahli konsultan ahli luka bakar bedah plastik dan senior residen bedah plastik. Metode: Studi diagnostik yang dilakukan dari November 2019 - April 2020 di pusat kami. Dengan kriteria inklusi disebutkan kami melakukan pengamatan dua kali berdasarkan evaluasi klinis dan juga alat bantu FLIR ONE termografi pada luka bakar superfisial dan mid-dermal dalam waktu 48 jam pascalukabakar, dan hari 3-5 pascalukabakar, dengan outcome yaitu evaluasi klinis yang dilakukan oleh ahli bedah plastik konsultan luka bakar berpengalaman di hari ke 7. Data dikumpulkan dan menganalisis validitas dan realibilitas. Hasil: 43 sampel yang diambil dari laki-laki 15 (53,6%) dan perempuan 13 (46,4%), usia rata-rata 41,82 ± 13,52 tahun. Sebagian besar sampel adalah dari wajah 14 (32,6%), dan ekstremitas atas 11 (25,6%). Realibitas: ICC adalah T1 0,95 dan T3 0,98, menunjukkan angka baik hingga hari ke 7 hari pascalukabar. Kesenjangan evaluasi klinis antara kedua pengamat (konsultan luka bakar bedah plastic berpengalaman dan residen bedah plastik senior) di T1 adalah 6,9% dan di T3 adalah 9,3%. Tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam penilaian klinis baik di T1 (p = 0,82) dan T3 (p = 0,51) dan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam pengukuran menggunakan alat FLIR ONE antara dua pengamat baik di T1 (p = 0,25) dan T3 (p = 0,91 ). Validitas: AUC dihitung pada T1 adalah 0,72 (95% CI: 0,563 - 0,880) p = 0,014 dengan titik batas T1 pada -0,8 ° C, menunjukkan diskriminasi moderat antara kategori penyembuhan yang re-epitelisasi <= 7 hari dan > 7 hari (sensitivitas 62,5%; spesifisitas 78,9%). Kami menggabungkan evaluasi klinis dan T1 dalam waktu 48 jam setelah luka bakar, penggunaan Flir ONE sebagai alat tambahan meningkatkan sensitivitas menjadi 58,33%, spesifisitas 98% dari evaluasi klinis saja. Probabilitas re-epitelisasi temuan klinis kedalaman luka superfisial dengan nilai T1 > -0,8 C memiliki probabilitas tertinggi (90,94%) untuk re-epitelisasi dalam waktu kurang dari sama dengan 7 hari. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik dari evaluasi klinis saja dan evaluasi klinis dengan FLIR ONE termografi dalam menilai kedalaman luka bakar. Titik potong kami dalam menentukan kedalaman luka bakar adalah -0,8 ° C, dengan hasil probabilitas yang baik untuk membedakan hasil epitelisasi berulang. Penelitian ini juga memberi tahu kami bahwa program residensi bedah plastik di rumah sakit pendidikan kami telah berhasil membangun kompetensi modul yang baik, dan reisden memiliki paparan yang cukup terhadap kasus luka bakar.

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Background: The aim of the management of burn wound is to initiate early wound closure or epithelization, and to prevent sepsis complication. However, from our daily practice, early diagnosis especially in determining the depth of burn wound in acute phase, is quiet difficult as burn wound process is running. Objective measurement may be great adjunct methods to to help clinician evaluating burn wound depth, as an example of FLIR ONE thermal imaging. The objective was to evaluate the validity of FLIR ONE thermal imager as an adjunct tool to assess burn wound depth, and reliability of clinical evaluation and FLIR ONE performed by senior resident of plastic surgery and experienced burn consultant plastic surgeon. Methods: This is a diagnostic study conducted from November 2019 – April 2020 in our center. With inclusion criteria mentioned we did observation twice based on clinical visual and also FLIR ONE thermal imaging on superficial and mid dermal burn within 48 hours post burn, and post burn day 3-5, outcome by clinical evalution done by experienced burn consultant plastic surgeon on day 7. Data were collected and analyze validity and realibility. Result: We had 43 samples taken from male 15 (53,6%) and female 13 (46.4%), average age 41.82 ± 13.52 years. As facial 14(32.6%), and upper extremities 11 (25.6%) as most samples use. Reliability: ICCs were T1 0.95 and T3 0.98, indicating excellent reliability up to 7 days after burn. The gap of clinical evaluation between both observers (experienced burn consultant and senior plastic surgery resident) at T1 is 6.9 percent and at T3 is 9.3 percent. There were no significant difference in clinical assessment both in T1 (p=0.82) and T3 (p=0.51) and no significant difference in measurements using FLIR ONE between two observers both in T1 (p=0.25) and T3 (p=0.91). Validity: the area under the curve was calculated at T1 was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.563 – 0.880) p = 0.014 with a cut-off point of T1 at -0.8°C, shows a moderate discrimination between healing categories re-epithelialization <= 7 days and > 7 days (62.5% sensitivity; 78.9% specificity). We combined clinical evaluation and T1 within 48 hours post burn, the use of Flir One as an adjunct tool increased the sensitivity to 58.33%, specificity 98% of clinical evaluation solely. the probability of re-epithelialization of clinical finding of superficial wound depth with T1 value of >-0.8oC had the highest probability (90.94%) to re-epithelialized in less equal to 7 days. Conclusion: This research showed good validity and reliability of clinical evaluation alone and clinical evaluation adjunct with FLIR ONE thermal imaging in assessment of burn wound depth. Our cut off point in determining the burn wound depth was -0.8° C, with good probability result to differentiate re-epithelialization outcome. This research told us that plastic surgery residency program of our teaching hospital had successfully established a good module competency, and resident had enough exposure to the burn cases."

"[ABSTRAKPendahuluan :Fraktur Midface merupakan fraktur yang sering terjadi dapat dapat memberikan efek baik dari segi estetik dan fungsi. Fraktur Midface yang tidak ditangani dengan baik akan merubah bentuk wajah menjadi tidak proporsional, salah satunya wajah yang menjadi lebih lebar dan panjang, terdapat depresi malar. Tata laksana dengan reposisi segmen fraktur dan fiksasi interna merupakan pilihan utama.Metode :Data yang diambil dari status estetik dengan menggunakan studi cross sectional pada pasien dengan fraktur midface sebelum operasi ORIF didapatkan di rekam medis, dan data setelah opeasi ORIF didapatkan dari follow up (4 years), kemudian dilakukan pengukuran dari proyeksi vertical, horizontal dan warm?s view .Hasil :Berdasarkan analisis fotografi dari proyeksi vertikal didapatkan 3 pasien memiliki proporsi muka yang baik, 3 pasien memiliki proporsi wajah yang baik dikarenakan perbedaan rata-rata. Berdasarkan analisis fotografi dari proyeksi horizontal didapatkan 3 pasien memiliki panjang muka yang berbeda, 2 pasien memiliki dystopia, 1 pasien memiliki enophtalmus. Berdasarkan analisi fotografi dari proyeksi worm?s eye didapatkan 4 pasien memiliki depresi malar eminensMengenai hasil estetika, didapatkan 4 pasien (66,6 %) puas dengan simetrisitas wajah setelah operasi. 2 pasien (33,3 %) mengeluhkan tidak puas dengan penampilan akhir setelah operasiKesimpulan :Untuk dapat mengevaluasi hasil operasi ORIF di Divisi Bedah Plastik Rumah Sakit Ciptomangunkusumo. Tidak hanya dibutuhkan registrasi data awal yang baik, tetapi juga dibutuhkan sarana dan fasilitas untuk mendapatkan evaluasi jangka panjang pada pasien terutama lokasi pasien yang jaraknya jauh dari lokasi rumah sakit.

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ABSTRACTBackground :Midface fracture is a fracture that often occurs may be able to give a good effect in terms of aesthetics and functionality. Midface fracture that is not handled properly will change the shape of the face become disproportionate, one of which face becomes wider and longer, there is a malar depression. The management of the segment repositioning fracture and internal fixation is the main option.Methods:Data taken from the status aesthetic using cross sectional study in patients with fractures midface before surgery ORIF obtained in medical records, and the data after opeasi ORIF obtained from follow-up (4 years), then the measurement of the projected vertical, horizontal and warm's view.Result:Based on the photographic analysis of the vertical projection obtained 3 patients have a good proportion of the face, 3 patients had good facial proportions due to differences in average. Based on the photographic analysis of horizontal projection obtained 3 patients had a different face long, 2 patients had a dystopia, 1 patient had enophtalmus. Based on the photographic analysis of the worm's eye projection obtained 4 patients had a malar depression eminens.Regarding the aesthetic results, obtained four patients (66.6%) are satisfied with simetrisitas face after surgery. 2 patients (33.3%) complained of is not satisfied with the final appearance after surgeryConclusions:To be able to evaluate the results of ORIF surgery in the Division of Plastic Surgery Hospital Ciptomangunkusumo. Not only the data registration needed a good start, but also the infrastructure and facilities needed to obtain a long-term evaluation of the patients, especially the location of patients that were located far from the location of the hospital, Background :Midface fracture is a fracture that often occurs may be able to give a good effect in terms of aesthetics and functionality. Midface fracture that is not handled properly will change the shape of the face become disproportionate, one of which face becomes wider and longer, there is a malar depression. The management of the segment repositioning fracture and internal fixation is the main option.Methods:Data taken from the status aesthetic using cross sectional study in patients with fractures midface before surgery ORIF obtained in medical records, and the data after opeasi ORIF obtained from follow-up (4 years), then the measurement of the projected vertical, horizontal and warm's view.Result:Based on the photographic analysis of the vertical projection obtained 3 patients have a good proportion of the face, 3 patients had good facial proportions due to differences in average. Based on the photographic analysis of horizontal projection obtained 3 patients had a different face long, 2 patients had a dystopia, 1 patient had enophtalmus. Based on the photographic analysis of the worm's eye projection obtained 4 patients had a malar depression eminens.Regarding the aesthetic results, obtained four patients (66.6%) are satisfied with simetrisitas face after surgery. 2 patients (33.3%) complained of is not satisfied with the final appearance after surgeryConclusions:To be able to evaluate the results of ORIF surgery in the Division of Plastic Surgery Hospital Ciptomangunkusumo. Not only the data registration needed a good start, but also the infrastructure and facilities needed to obtain a long-term evaluation of the patients, especially the location of patients that were located far from the location of the hospital]"

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Diced cartilage banyak digunakan dalam praktek bedah plastik. Keuntungannya sangat beragam, dari rekonstruksi hingga estetik. Tetapi data mengenai viabilitas antara bentuk kasar dan halus belum ada, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data dasar tersebut.Metode: Penelitian menggunakan kelinci New Zealand dewasa. Menggunakan tujuh ekor kelinci yang dibagi menjadi tiga grup yaitu grup block cartilage, coarsely diced cartilage dan finely diced cartilage. Pengabilan cartilage dilakukan dari satu sisi bagian telinga kelinci, dibagi dengan ukuran yang sama dan ditanam di bawah kulit scapula. Setelah 12 minggu dilakukan pemeriksaan makroskopik untuk menilai warna, dan kontur dari kartilago yang sudah diimplantasikan lalu juga dilakukan pemeriksaan histologis dengan pewarnaan : Haematoxylin Eosin dan Mason Tricrhome untuk menilai viabilitas masing ndash; masing grup.Hasil: Secara makroskopik didapatkan perbedaan berat cartilage dari masing ndash; masing grup. Masing ndash; masing menunjukkan peningkatan berat cartilage antara sebelum dan sesudah 12 minggu. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan viabilitas antara masing ndash; masing grup, dengan nilai p > 0.312.Kesimpulan: Penggunaan coarsely diced cartilage memiliki keuntungan untuk pengisian volume organ yang besar. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak adanya perbedaan secara makroskopik maupun mikroskopik antra finely dan coarsely diced cartilage.

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ABSTRACTThe use of diced cartilage grafts is common in plastic surgery, it is very useful for reconstruction after secondary accident and malignancies in the facial region. In recent years it is very useful for aesthetic surgery. The study to compare between coarsely and finely diced cartilage is not provide.Methods We use New Zealand white rabbits for this study. We used seven samples with three group, one group of block cartilage, one group of coarsely diced cartilage and the last group of finely diced cartilage. Three equal sized auricular cartilage grafts were harvested from each rabbit and implanted on the scapulae of the same rabbits. Twelve weeks after implantation, all cartilage grafts were examined macroscopically and microscopy. Post implanted cartilage grafts were stained by Haematoxylin Eosin and Thricrhome to know the viability of each group.Result Macroscopically there is different weight before and after implantation, every group was gain the weight. The viability between the each group is not different significant, p 0.312. The advantages for the coarsely diced cartilage than fined diced cartilage was same in contour, color, viability and absorpsion weight was gained .Conslusion We can used the coarsely diced cartilage for the bigger defect that need more volume. The result is same between finely and coarsely in clinical and histologic"

"Latar Belakang: Rekonstruksi pada defek tulang kritikal masih merupakan tantangan yang besar untuk seorang ahli bedah plastik rekonstruksi. Selama ini, baku emas untuk menangani kasus defek tulang tersebut adalah menggunakan autologous bone graft, namun terdapat beberapa kekurangannya seperti morbiditas pada lokasi donor, pemanjangan waktu operasi, donor yang terbatas, dan pemajangan waktu rawat. Mencoba mengatasi kekurangan tadi, muncullah rekayasa jaringan tulang yang memberikan hasil yang menjanjikan dalam regenerasi jaringan tulang biologis yang baru. Beberapa penelitian hewan sebelum, menunjukkan bahwa implantasi secara ortotopik dan ektopik dapat memberikan hasil yang cukup baik dalam regenerasi tulangMetode: Telaah sistematis dilakukan pada Pubmed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, dan WHO ICTRP, termasuk semua studi dengan data primer untuk rekayasa jaringan tulang menggunakan kalsium fosfat sebagai bahan rangka, studi pada defek tulang kritikal, baik uji klinis acak terkontrol maupun tidak pada manusia dan hewan. Luaran yang dinilai adalah pembentukan tulang baru yang membandingkan implantasi secara ortotopik (intraperiosteum) dan ektopik (intramuskular). Studi ini menggunakan SYRCLE’s tools untuk menilai risiko bias studi pada hewan.Hasil: Didapatkan lima studi hewan yang memenuhi kriteria eligibilitas dari total 80 studi yang diinklusi pada telaah ini. Dicantumkan karakteristik demografis dari masing-masing studi. Studi yang memiliki luaran klinis yang sama (% area tulang dan % kontak) dibandingan antara implantasi ortotopik dan ektopik. 2 studi menunjukkan bahwa implantasi secara intramuskular menggunakan kerangka yang sudah ditambahkan BMSC memberikan hasil yang baik pada pembentukan jaringan tulang baru. Kerangka kosong tidak menunjukkan adanya pembentukan tulang. Penambahan BMP-2 sebagai factor pertumbuhan dapat meningkatkan osteogenisitas baik pada implantasi ortotopik maupun ektopik.Kesimpulan: Implantasi ortotopik dapat menginduksi pembentukan tulang baru lebih baik daripada implantasi ektopik. Menggunakan kerangka yang ditambahkan BMSC serta BMP-2 pada implantasi intramuskular memberikan hasil yang baik untuk pembentukan tulang baru. Rekayasa jaringan tulang memungkinkan untuk dilakukan dengan implantasi secara ortotopik maupun ektopik

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Background: Critical bone defect reconstruction remains a major challenge in plastic reconstructive surgery. While autologous bone graft is still considered as the gold standard for treating critical bone defects, there are disadvantages like donor site morbidity long operative time, donor limitation, and extended hospital stay. In order to resolve them, bone tissue engineering has emerged in reconstruction medical studies, for they give promising result in regenerating new biological bone tissue. Previous animal studies have shown that implantating orthotopically and ectopically gave promising result in bone regeneration.

Methods: A systematic search was done on PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and WHO ICTRP, including all studies with primary data for bone tissue engineering using calcium phosphate as scaffold materials, studies in critical bone defects, RCT or non RCT in human studies or animal studies. Studies with outcome of new bone formation comparing orthotopic (intraperiosteum) implantation and ectopic (intramusculuar) implantation. We used SYRCLE’s tools for assessing risk of bias of animal studies.

Results: Five animal studies meet the eligibility criteria from a total of 80 studies are included for this review. Characteristics demography of each study are stated. Studies with the same outcome (bone area% and contact%) are compared in orthotopic and ectopic implantation. Two studies showed that intramuscular implantation using BMSC-seeded scaffold give promising result of new bone formation. However empty scaffold did not show any bone formation. Adding BMP-2 for growth factor can improved osteogenecity both in orthotopic implantation and ectopic implantation

Conclusion: Orthotopic implantation can induced new bone formation better than ectopic implantations. Using BMSC-seeded and addition of BMP-2 for intramuscular implantation give good result of new bone formation. Both orthotopic and ectopic (intramuscular) implantation are possible for bone tissue engineering"

"Tujuan : Mengetahui apakah HTA Indonesia 2003 sudah berjalan di departemen bedah RSCM dan mengetahui pengeluaran pemeriksaan rutin yang mungkin bisa ditekan. Meningkatkan kemampuan pemeriksaan fisik dan memilih pemeriksaan prabedah lebih selektif dan efisien.Tempat : Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo.Metodologi : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional dan data disajikan dalam bentuk deskripif. Sebanyak 106 pasien diambil datanya dari status pasien yang masih dirawat (44 orang) dan dari status pasien rawat jalan (62 orang). Pengambilan subjek dengan consecutive sampling untuk yang masih dirawat dan acak sederhana pada pasien rawat jalan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik pasien, sebaran penyakit/kelainan sitemik, sebaran pasien pra dan pascabedah, komplikasi pascabedah, permintaan foto toraks sesuai HTA dan rutin berikut biaya, penyakit sistemik yang mendasari pemeriksaan fate toraks, pemeriksaan darah rutin, pemeriksaan BTICT sesuai HTA dan rutin berikut biaya, pemeriksaan kimia darah sesuai HTA dan rutin berikut biaya, pemeriksaan foto torak dan darah sesuai HTA dan rutin.Hasil : Berdasarkan karakteristik pasien kelompok yang sehat lebih banyak dari pasien dengan kelainan sistemik. Penyakitlkelainan sistemik terbanyak adalah kardiopulmonal diikuti tuberculosis dan anemia. Prabedah dalam kondisi baik dan tidak ada komplikasi pasca bedah. Terdapat perbedaan foto toraks HTA dan rutin ( 21 dan 85 dengan biaya Rp.1.050.000 dan Rp.4.250.000). Terdapat perbedaan pemeriksaan BTICT HTA dan rutin (2 dan 104 dengan biaya Rp.30.000 dan Rp.1.560.000). Terdapat perbedaan pemeriksaan kimia darah HTA dan rutin dengan biaya Rp.2.175.000 dan Rp.6.993.500 dan pemeriksaan kimia darah dan foto toraks menurut HTA dan rutin: 7 dan 99 dengan biaya Rp 2.525.000 dan Rp 12.803.500.Kesimpulan : Pemeriksaan prabedah sesuai HTA belum berjalan.pemeriksaan rutin masih dominan dengan selisih biaya tiga sampai enam kali lebih mahal dari pemeriksaan sesuai HTA dan juga tidak efisien karena tidak terdapat komplikasi pascabedah.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to know whether HTA Indonesia 2003 had been performed in the department of surgery RSCM and to know how much its cost for the preoperative routine examination. To improve physical examination and selective choosing preoperative examination based on physical findings.

Place: Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

Method: The design was descriptive and cross-sectional retrospective study. There was 44 patients in the ward room and 62 patients at out patience clinics all taken from the status. The sample was taken with consecutive sampling for patients who still in the ward and simple random for patients at out patients clinics. Data collected were characteristics of the patients, systemic diseases, preoperative and postoperative, complications, chest x-ray according HTA and routine with its cost, chest x-ray with systemic diseases, routine blood test, coagulation test, blood chemistry test routine and HTA, blood test and chest x-ray routine and HTA.

Results: Most patients were in good conditions. Sistemic disesase were cardiopulmonal, tuberculosis, and anemia_ Preoperative were in good conditions and there were no complications. There were differences between HTA and routine chest x-ray (21 and 85 with the cost Rp 1.050.000 and Rp 4.250.000), HTA and routine coagulation test were 2 and 104 with the cost Rp 30.000 and Rp 1.560.000, HTA and routine blood chemistry test were Rp.2.175.000 and Rp.6.993.000, HTA and routine chest x-ray and blood chemistry test were 7 and 99 with cost Rp 2.525.000 and Rp 12.803.500.

Conclusions: HTA preoperative examination had not been performed yet, routine preoperative test were dominant and were cost three and six times more expensive than HTA. There were no complications postoperatively, so routine preoperative test should be considered."