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Yosephine Yossy
Faktor faktor yang beruhubungan dengan kadar testosteron bebas pada pria dengan HIV dalam terapi Antiretroviral = Factors associated with free testosterone level of HIV infected male on antiretroviral therapy
"[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang. Penderita HIV/AIDS di Indonesia semakin meningkat, sedangkan infeksi HIV/AIDS maupun terapi ARV dapat menyebabkan penurunan kadar testosteron yang sangat memengaruhi kualitas hidup penyandang HIV/AIDS. Gejala dan tanda penurunan kadar testosteron pada pria dengan HIV sangat tidak spesifik, sedangkan pemeriksaan laboratorium sangat mahal, sehingga perlu diketahui faktor-faktor pada pasien yang dapat memprediksi penurunan kadar testosteron.
Tujuan. Mengetahui apakah jumlah CD4 awal, lamanya terapi ARV, jenis ARV, lipodistrofi dan besarnya lingkar pinggang memengaruhi kadar testosteron bebas pada pria dengan HIV yang mendapat ARV.
Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2015 di Unit Pelayanan HIV Terpadu RSCM, Jakarta. Subjek adalah pria dengan HIV berusia 18-40 tahun, mendapat ARV teratur sekurangnya dalam 1 tahun terakhir. Pemeriksaan meliputi anamnesis, pengukuran lingkar pinggang dan lipodistrofi, pemeriksaan kadar testosteron total, SHBG dan testosteron bebas (Free Testosteron Index: FTi). Uji regresi linier digunakan untuk menilai faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kadar testosteron bebas pada penelitian ini.
Hasil. Dari 54 subjek, didapatkan median usia 35,11 tahun (21-40), median lamanya ARV 59 bulan (16-129), median CD4 awal 57/mm3 (3-443), rerata lingkar pinggang 82,4cm (SB 10,33). Subjek yang mengalami lipodistrofi sebanyak 17 orang (32%). Subjek yang menggunakan ARV lini pertama 48 orang. Median kadar testosteron bebas 30,87% (9,78-85,64) dan subjek yang memiliki kadar testosteron bebas rendah sebanyak 32 orang(59%). Terdapatnya lipodistrofi (p=0,003, OR= -12,25) dan lamanya menggunakan ARV (p=0,002, OR=-0,182) berhubungan dengan kadar testosteron bebas pada penelitian ini.
Simpulan : Pada pria dengan HIV yang mendapat terapi ARV, adanya lipodistrofi dan lamanya terapi ARV berhubungan dengan kadar testosteron bebas. Kadar CD4 awal, jenis ARV dan lingkar pinggang tidak berhubungan dengan kadar testosteron bebas.
ABSTRACT
Background. There are increasing numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. HIV/AIDS infection could cause a decrease in testosterone level which affect patients? quality of life. Symptoms of decreasing testosterone level in HIV infected male are very unspecific, while laboratory tests are costly. Therefore it is important to know factors that could predict a decrease in HIV patient?s testosterone level.
Purpose. To know the correlation between initial CD4 count, duration and type of ARV, lipodystrophy, size of waist circumference with free testosterone level of HIV infected male on ARV.
Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted March 2015 in HIV Integrated Clinic, RSCM, Jakarta. The subjects were 18-40 years old, got regular ARV therapy for at least 1 year. Examination includes measuring waist circumference, presence of lipodystrophy, examination of total testosterone, SHBG and free testosterone level (Free Testosterone Index:FTi). Linear regression used to analyze factors associated with free testosterone level in this study.
Results. Of 54 subjects examined, the median age was 35.11 years (21-40), median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 59 months (16-129), mean of waist circumference was 82.4 cm (SB 10.33), median of initial CD4 level was 57/mm3 (3-443). Total subjects with lipodystrophy were 17 subjects (32%), subjects who used first-line combination were 48 and 6 subjects used a second line combination. Median level of free testosterone levels was 30.87% (9.78-85.64) and there were 32 subjects with a low free testosterone level (59%). The presence of lipodystrophy (p=0,003, OR=-12,225) and duration of antiretroviral therapy (p=0,002, OR=-0,182) are associated with free testosterone level.
Conclusions. Among HIV infected male who receiving antiretroviral therapy, the presence of lipodystrophy and duration of antiretroviral therapy are associated with free testosterone levels. There were no association between initial CD4 count, type of antiretroviral therapy and waist circumference with free testosterone levels.;Background. There are increasing numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. HIV/AIDS infection could cause a decrease in testosterone level which affect patients? quality of life. Symptoms of decreasing testosterone level in HIV infected male are very unspecific, while laboratory tests are costly. Therefore it is important to know factors that could predict a decrease in HIV patient?s testosterone level.
Purpose. To know the correlation between initial CD4 count, duration and type of ARV, lipodystrophy, size of waist circumference with free testosterone level of HIV infected male on ARV.
Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted March 2015 in HIV Integrated Clinic, RSCM, Jakarta. The subjects were 18-40 years old, got regular ARV therapy for at least 1 year. Examination includes measuring waist circumference, presence of lipodystrophy, examination of total testosterone, SHBG and free testosterone level (Free Testosterone Index:FTi). Linear regression used to analyze factors associated with free testosterone level in this study.
Results. Of 54 subjects examined, the median age was 35.11 years (21-40), median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 59 months (16-129), mean of waist circumference was 82.4 cm (SB 10.33), median of initial CD4 level was 57/mm3 (3-443). Total subjects with lipodystrophy were 17 subjects (32%), subjects who used first-line combination were 48 and 6 subjects used a second line combination. Median level of free testosterone levels was 30.87% (9.78-85.64) and there were 32 subjects with a low free testosterone level (59%). The presence of lipodystrophy (p=0,003, OR=-12,225) and duration of antiretroviral therapy (p=0,002, OR=-0,182) are associated with free testosterone level.
Conclusions. Among HIV infected male who receiving antiretroviral therapy, the presence of lipodystrophy and duration of antiretroviral therapy are associated with free testosterone levels. There were no association between initial CD4 count, type of antiretroviral therapy and waist circumference with free testosterone levels.;Background. There are increasing numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. HIV/AIDS infection could cause a decrease in testosterone level which affect patients? quality of life. Symptoms of decreasing testosterone level in HIV infected male are very unspecific, while laboratory tests are costly. Therefore it is important to know factors that could predict a decrease in HIV patient?s testosterone level.
Purpose. To know the correlation between initial CD4 count, duration and type of ARV, lipodystrophy, size of waist circumference with free testosterone level of HIV infected male on ARV.
Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted March 2015 in HIV Integrated Clinic, RSCM, Jakarta. The subjects were 18-40 years old, got regular ARV therapy for at least 1 year. Examination includes measuring waist circumference, presence of lipodystrophy, examination of total testosterone, SHBG and free testosterone level (Free Testosterone Index:FTi). Linear regression used to analyze factors associated with free testosterone level in this study.
Results. Of 54 subjects examined, the median age was 35.11 years (21-40), median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 59 months (16-129), mean of waist circumference was 82.4 cm (SB 10.33), median of initial CD4 level was 57/mm3 (3-443). Total subjects with lipodystrophy were 17 subjects (32%), subjects who used first-line combination were 48 and 6 subjects used a second line combination. Median level of free testosterone levels was 30.87% (9.78-85.64) and there were 32 subjects with a low free testosterone level (59%). The presence of lipodystrophy (p=0,003, OR=-12,225) and duration of antiretroviral therapy (p=0,002, OR=-0,182) are associated with free testosterone level.
Conclusions. Among HIV infected male who receiving antiretroviral therapy, the presence of lipodystrophy and duration of antiretroviral therapy are associated with free testosterone levels. There were no association between initial CD4 count, type of antiretroviral therapy and waist circumference with free testosterone levels.;Background. There are increasing numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. HIV/AIDS infection could cause a decrease in testosterone level which affect patients? quality of life. Symptoms of decreasing testosterone level in HIV infected male are very unspecific, while laboratory tests are costly. Therefore it is important to know factors that could predict a decrease in HIV patient?s testosterone level.
Purpose. To know the correlation between initial CD4 count, duration and type of ARV, lipodystrophy, size of waist circumference with free testosterone level of HIV infected male on ARV.
Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted March 2015 in HIV Integrated Clinic, RSCM, Jakarta. The subjects were 18-40 years old, got regular ARV therapy for at least 1 year. Examination includes measuring waist circumference, presence of lipodystrophy, examination of total testosterone, SHBG and free testosterone level (Free Testosterone Index:FTi). Linear regression used to analyze factors associated with free testosterone level in this study.
Results. Of 54 subjects examined, the median age was 35.11 years (21-40), median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 59 months (16-129), mean of waist circumference was 82.4 cm (SB 10.33), median of initial CD4 level was 57/mm3 (3-443). Total subjects with lipodystrophy were 17 subjects (32%), subjects who used first-line combination were 48 and 6 subjects used a second line combination. Median level of free testosterone levels was 30.87% (9.78-85.64) and there were 32 subjects with a low free testosterone level (59%). The presence of lipodystrophy (p=0,003, OR=-12,225) and duration of antiretroviral therapy (p=0,002, OR=-0,182) are associated with free testosterone level.
Conclusions. Among HIV infected male who receiving antiretroviral therapy, the presence of lipodystrophy and duration of antiretroviral therapy are associated with free testosterone levels. There were no association between initial CD4 count, type of antiretroviral therapy and waist circumference with free testosterone levels.;Background. There are increasing numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. HIV/AIDS infection could cause a decrease in testosterone level which affect patients? quality of life. Symptoms of decreasing testosterone level in HIV infected male are very unspecific, while laboratory tests are costly. Therefore it is important to know factors that could predict a decrease in HIV patient?s testosterone level.
Purpose. To know the correlation between initial CD4 count, duration and type of ARV, lipodystrophy, size of waist circumference with free testosterone level of HIV infected male on ARV.
Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted March 2015 in HIV Integrated Clinic, RSCM, Jakarta. The subjects were 18-40 years old, got regular ARV therapy for at least 1 year. Examination includes measuring waist circumference, presence of lipodystrophy, examination of total testosterone, SHBG and free testosterone level (Free Testosterone Index:FTi). Linear regression used to analyze factors associated with free testosterone level in this study.
Results. Of 54 subjects examined, the median age was 35.11 years (21-40), median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 59 months (16-129), mean of waist circumference was 82.4 cm (SB 10.33), median of initial CD4 level was 57/mm3 (3-443). Total subjects with lipodystrophy were 17 subjects (32%), subjects who used first-line combination were 48 and 6 subjects used a second line combination. Median level of free testosterone levels was 30.87% (9.78-85.64) and there were 32 subjects with a low free testosterone level (59%). The presence of lipodystrophy (p=0,003, OR=-12,225) and duration of antiretroviral therapy (p=0,002, OR=-0,182) are associated with free testosterone level.
Conclusions. Among HIV infected male who receiving antiretroviral therapy, the presence of lipodystrophy and duration of antiretroviral therapy are associated with free testosterone levels. There were no association between initial CD4 count, type of antiretroviral therapy and waist circumference with free testosterone levels., Background. There are increasing numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia. HIV/AIDS infection could cause a decrease in testosterone level which affect patients? quality of life. Symptoms of decreasing testosterone level in HIV infected male are very unspecific, while laboratory tests are costly. Therefore it is important to know factors that could predict a decrease in HIV patient?s testosterone level.
Purpose. To know the correlation between initial CD4 count, duration and type of ARV, lipodystrophy, size of waist circumference with free testosterone level of HIV infected male on ARV.
Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted March 2015 in HIV Integrated Clinic, RSCM, Jakarta. The subjects were 18-40 years old, got regular ARV therapy for at least 1 year. Examination includes measuring waist circumference, presence of lipodystrophy, examination of total testosterone, SHBG and free testosterone level (Free Testosterone Index:FTi). Linear regression used to analyze factors associated with free testosterone level in this study.
Results. Of 54 subjects examined, the median age was 35.11 years (21-40), median duration of antiretroviral therapy was 59 months (16-129), mean of waist circumference was 82.4 cm (SB 10.33), median of initial CD4 level was 57/mm3 (3-443). Total subjects with lipodystrophy were 17 subjects (32%), subjects who used first-line combination were 48 and 6 subjects used a second line combination. Median level of free testosterone levels was 30.87% (9.78-85.64) and there were 32 subjects with a low free testosterone level (59%). The presence of lipodystrophy (p=0,003, OR=-12,225) and duration of antiretroviral therapy (p=0,002, OR=-0,182) are associated with free testosterone level.
Conclusions. Among HIV infected male who receiving antiretroviral therapy, the presence of lipodystrophy and duration of antiretroviral therapy are associated with free testosterone levels. There were no association between initial CD4 count, type of antiretroviral therapy and waist circumference with free testosterone levels.]"
2015
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Meiliyana
Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian HIV (+) pada kalangan lelaki suka seks dengan lelaki (LSL) di Indonesia tahun 2011 (analisis data STBP) tahun 2011) = Factors associated with HIV (+) incidence among men have sex with men (MSM) in Indonesia in 2011 (data analysis ibbs in 2011)
"Perilaku lelaki berhubungan seks tidak aman dengan lelaki merupakan perilaku yang cenderung tertutup dan sulit ditemui di populasi umum, dengan jumlah kaum LSL yang semakin meningkat dan prevalensi HIV dan IMS masih tinggi di kalangan LSL, penelitian terkait HIV pada LSL masih belum banyak ditemui di Indonesia, serta kejadian HIV yang merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang timbul dengan berbagai faktor.
Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang, dengan menggunakan data sekunder Surveilans Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku (STBP) pada kelompok Lelaki suka Seks dengan Lelaki (LSL) di Indonesia Tahun 2011, Variabel dependen adalah kejadian HIV (+) dan variabel independennya meliputi karakteristik demografi (umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, status perkawinan), pengetahuan mengenai HIV-AIDS, perilaku (perilaku seksual dengan pasangan seks tetap, konsumsi napza, merasa berisiko tertular, riwayat mengalami gejala IMS), dan layanan klinik VCT. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi LSL yang mengalami status HIV(+) sebesar 8,5%, rata-rata umur LSL yaitu 29 tahun, sebagian besar LSL berpendidikan SMU/sederajat sebesar 52%, sebagian besar bekerja sebagai karyawan sebesar 32,4%, dengan status belum kawin sebesar 77,5%. Proporsi LSL yang memiliki pasangan tetap sebesar 56,3%. Sebagian besar LSL tidak mengkonsumsi napza sebesar 89,6%, merasa berisiko tertular 64,5% dan sebesar 30,7% LSL pernah mengalami gejala IMS, serta sebagian besar reponden tidak di rujuk ke layanan VCT sebesar 77,2%.
Faktor-faktor yang ada hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian HIV (+) pada LSL adalah tingkat pendidikan, status belum kawin dibandingkan dengan status kawin, bekerja disalon/panti pijat yang dibandingkan karyawan, merasa berisiko tertular, dan layanan klinik VCT.
The behavior of men having unsafe sex with men is tend to be closed and difficult to find in the general population. With the increasing number MSM (Men who have Sex with Men) and prevalence of HIV and STI stil remains high among MSM, HIV-related research on MSM also not widely found in Indonesia, as well as the case of HIV is a health issues that causes with various factors.
The study design was cross-sectional, using secondary data Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveillance (IBBS) in the group of Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) in Indonesia in 2011. The dependent variable is HIV (+) incidence and the independent variables include demographic characteristics (age, education, occupation, marital status), knowledge about HIV-AIDS, behavior (sexual behavior, drug consumption, perceive by risk of contracting, history of IMS symptoms) and VCT clinics services. Data analysis was performed by univariate and bivariate analysis.
The results showed that the proportion of MSM with HIV (+) status approximately 8.5% , the MSM average age is 29 years old, most of the MSM education was high school/equivalent was 52%, mostly working as an employee approximately 32.4%, unmarried status approximately 77.5%. The proportion of MSM who had a regular partner approximately 56.3 %. Most of the MSM do not consume drugs approximately 89.6%, perceive by risk of contracting approximately 64.5% and approximately 30.7% of MSM had experienced symptoms of IMS, as well as most of the respondents did not refer to the VCT service approximately 77.2%.
Factors that not have significant correlation with the incidence of HIV (+) on MSM is: level of education, unmarried status compared with marital status, work at salon / massage parlor compared by office employees, perceive by risk of contracting , and the VCT clinic services."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2014
S54551
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Herlina
Gambaran kognitif pasien HIV anak yang telah memperoleh terapi Antitretrovirus = Cognitive profile in HIV infected children on Antiretroviral therapy
"[ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Pasien HIV anak berisiko tinggi mengalami gangguan
neurokognitif akibat keterlibatan sistem saraf pusat (SSP). Prevalens gangguan
kognitif tersebut berkisar antara 8%-62%. Pemberian ARV menurunkan viral
load di SSP sehingga mencegah penurunan fungsi kognitif. Tujuan penelitian ini
untuk memberikan gambaran fungsi kognitif pasien HIV anak dalam terapi ARV.
Metode: Studi potong lintang dilakukan terhadap pasien HIV anak berusia 5-15
tahun. Penilaian kognitif dilakukan dengan instrumen Wechsler intelligence scale
for children IV (WISC IV). Pemeriksaan elektroensefalografi bertujuan untuk
membuktikan kerusakan akibat keterlibatan SSP pada infeksi HIV.
Hasil: Sembilan puluh pasien HIV anak median usia 9 tahun telah memperoleh
ARV dengan median 69 bulan. Hasil rerata verbal, performance, dan full-scale IQ
(FSIQ) berturut-turut adalah 88,66 (SB 15,69), 85,30 (SB 15,35), dan 85,73 (SB
15,61). Enam puluh tujuh (74,4%) subjek memiliki verbal IQ normal, 56 (62,2%)
performance scale normal, dan 58 (64,4%) FSIQ normal. Hasil EEG abnormal
didapatkan pada 22 subjek (22,4%) dan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan stadium
klinis, usia dan lama pemberian ARV, serta viral load. Stadium HIV
menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan komponen verbal scale IQ dan FSIQ
(p=0,042 dan p=0,044). Hasil IQ tidak memiliki hubungan dengan usia pemberian
ARV, lama pemberian ARV, dan viral load.
Simpulan: Pasien HIV anak dalam terapi ARV memiliki rerata IQ abnormal pada
verbal, performance, dan FSIQ. Berdasarkan kategori hasil IQ lebih dari 50%
subjek memiliki IQ normal pada ketiga skala WISC. Studi kohort diperlukan
untuk menilai apakah pemberian ARV lebih dini dan faktor yang memengaruhi
dapat mencegah penurunan fungsi kognitif pasien HIV anakABSTRACT Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developing
neurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)
involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.
Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent the
decrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitive
function in HIV-infected children on ARV.
Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15
years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administered
for assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to prove
abnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infection
Results: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had received
ARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and full
scale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)
respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects
(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.
Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlated
to clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIV
showed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQ
results did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.
Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,
performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normal
verbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether early
ARV can preserve cognitive function.;Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developing
neurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)
involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.
Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent the
decrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitive
function in HIV-infected children on ARV.
Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15
years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administered
for assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to prove
abnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infection
Results: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had received
ARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and full
scale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)
respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects
(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.
Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlated
to clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIV
showed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQ
results did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.
Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,
performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normal
verbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether early
ARV can preserve cognitive function.;Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developing
neurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)
involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.
Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent the
decrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitive
function in HIV-infected children on ARV.
Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15
years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administered
for assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to prove
abnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infection
Results: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had received
ARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and full
scale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)
respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects
(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.
Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlated
to clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIV
showed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQ
results did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.
Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,
performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normal
verbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether early
ARV can preserve cognitive function., Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developing
neurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)
involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.
Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent the
decrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitive
function in HIV-infected children on ARV.
Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15
years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administered
for assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to prove
abnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infection
Results: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had received
ARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and full
scale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)
respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects
(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.
Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlated
to clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIV
showed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQ
results did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.
Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,
performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normal
verbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether early
ARV can preserve cognitive function.]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
S-Pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Simarmata, Veronika Jenny
Prevalensi infeksi hepar pada pasien HIV/AIDS rawat inap RSCM tahun 2010 dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan = Prevalence of hepar infection in patients with HIV/AIDS infection hospitalized in RSCM in 2010 and the related factors
"Kasus AIDS semakin banyak terjadi di Indonesia dan diperburuk dengan berbagai macam penyakit infeksi komorbidnya. Hasil penelitian 108 pasien diperoleh 50,9% memiliki infeksi komorbid hepar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional analitik dengan data sekunder rekam medik pasien rawat inap RSCM pada tahun 2010. Hasil beberapa faktor yang diteliti adalah responden laki-laki terbanyak (51 orang), rentang usia terbanyak 25-49 tahun (52 orang), dan faktor resiko penularan pada penggunaan jarum suntik (22 orang). Dengan chi-square diperoleh hubungan bermakna pada jenis kelamin (p<0,05). Ditinjau dari nilai index massa tubuh diperoleh rerata nilainya adalah 18,6 kg/m2, dan nilai rerata hitung CD4+ absolute sebesar 46 sel/dL, namun hanya nilai CD4+ absolute memiliki hubungan bermakna pada uji mann-whitney (p<0,05).
AIDS cases are increasing in Indonesia and this infections are so bad with comorbid infections. From the result of this study, there are 50.9% in 108 patients that have comorbid hepar infection. This study was designed by cross-sectional analytic metode by using medical records of patients hospitalized in RSCM in 2010. From the factors that studied, the results are respondents with hepar infection, most are male sex (51 people), in the range 25-49 years (52 people), and the risk factor in intravena drug using (22 people). With chi-square, sex is related with hepar infection in respondents (p<0,05). In Body Mass Index of the respondents, the mean of the value is 18,6 kg/m2, and the mean of CD4+ absolute value is 46 cells/dL, but only the value of CD4+ absolute has related with hepar infection in mann-whitney test (p<0,05)."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2012
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Indria Yogani
Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kenaikan CD4 pada Pasien HIV yang Mendapat Highly Active Antiretoviral Therapy dalam 6 Bulan Pertama = Factors Associated with Increase in CD4 Count in HIV Patient Who Received Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in The First Six Months
"[Latar Belakang: HIV adalah infeksi yang menyerang sistem kekebalan tubuh, dengan CD4 sebagai sel targetnya. Dengan ditemukannya Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) diharapkan mampu menurunkan angka morbiditas dan mortalitasnya dengan cara mengurangi replikasi virus HIV dan meningkatkan jumlah CD4. Namun kenaikan CD4 tidak sama untuk setiap pasien. Terdapat faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan kenaikan CD4 pada pasien HIV.
Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, faktor risiko infeksi HIV, jumlah CD4 awal, jumlah infeksi opportunistik, stadium klinis HIV, jenis HAART yang diberikan, kepatuhan minum obat, infeksi tuberkulosis, hepatitis C, infeksi HSV, infeksi CMV, dan obat herbal dengan kenaikan CD4 dalam 6 bulan pertama setelah pemberian HAART.
Metode: Studi kohort retrospektif dilakukan pada pasien HIV rawat jalan di Unit Pelayanan Terpadu HIV RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo dalam kurun waktu Januari 2004-Desember 2013. Data penelitian didapatkan dari rekam medis. Hubungan antara usia, indeks massa tubuh, dan jumlah CD4 awal dengan kenaikan CD4 dianalisis dengan uji beda dua rerata menggunakan Uji Mann Whitney. Sedangkan hubungan antara jenis kelamin, faktor risiko infeksi HIV, jumlah infeksi opportunistik, stadium klinis HIV, jenis HAART yang digunakan, kepatuhan minum obat, infeksi tuberkulosis, hepatitis C, infeksi HSV, CMV, dan obat herbal dengan kenaikan CD4 dianalisis dengan uji perbedaan dua kelompok kategorik (Uji Chi Square atau Fisher) serta analisis multivariat dengan teknik regresi logistik.
Hasil: Sebanyak 818 subjek diikutsertakan pada penelitian ini. Sebanyak 368 (45%) subjek tidak mengalami kenaikan CD4 seperti yang diharapkan. Median CD4 awal sebelum terapi 56 sel/mm3 dan setelah 6 bulan terapi 130 sel/mm3. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jumlah CD4 awal (p<0,001), infeksi tuberkulosis (p=0,010) dan tingkat kepatuhan (p<0,001) dengan kenaikan CD4. Hasil analisis multivariat didapatkan bahwa jumlah CD4 awal (p<0,001; OR: 0,996; IK 95% 0,995-0,998), tidak patuh minum obat (p<0,001; OR:2,907; IK 95%: 2,162-3,909), dan infeksi tuberkulosis (p=0,021; OR: 1,527; IK 95%: 1,065-2,190) berhubungan dengan kenaikan CD4 pada pasien HIV yang mendapat HAART.
Simpulan: Jumlah CD4 awal, kepatuhan minum obat, dan infeksi tuberkulosis mempengaruhi kenaikan CD4 pada pasien HIV yang mendapat Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy setelah 6 bulan pertama., Background: HIV infection attacked immune system causing immunodeficiency with CD4 as a targel cell. Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy given to reduce HIV replications and increased CD4 counts. The increasing of CD4 count is different among each patient. There were several factors associated with the increased of CD4 count after first six months therapy.
Objectives: To prove that age, gender, body mass index, risk factor of HIV infection, CD4 pre HAART, number of opportunistic infections, HIV stadium, type of HAART, adherence, Tuberculosis infection, co-infection Hepatitis C, HSV infection, CMV infection, use of herb associated with the increased of CD4 count.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study conducted in this study, among out patient in Integrated HIV Clinic In Cipto Mangunkusumo General Refferal Hospital between January 2004-December 2013. The data of this study were taken from medical records. For age, body mass index, and CD4 pre HAART associated with the increased of CD4 were analyze using Mann Whitney Test. For variable gender, risk factor for HIV infection, number of opportunistic infections, HIV stadium, type of HAART, adherence, Tuberculosis infection, co-infection of Hepatitis C, HCV infection, CMV infection, and use of herb associated with the increased of CD4 analyze using Chi Square test of Fisher test and for multivariate analysis the logistic regression test.
Results: 818 subjects met the inclusion criteria. 368 subject did not meet the expected CD4 count. The median of CD4 pre HAART was 56 cell/mm3, and after six months therapy was 130 cell/mm3. There was significant correlation between CD4 pre HAART (p<0,001), tuberculosis infection (p=0,010), and adherence with the increasing of CD4 count (p<0,001). From the multivariate analysis, shown that CD4 pre HAART (p<0,001; OR: 0,996; IK 95% 0,995-0,998), not adherence (p<0,001; OR:2,907; IK 95%: 2,162-3,909), and tuberculosis infection (p=0,021; OR: 1,527; IK 95%: 1,065-2,190) associated with the increased of CD4 count after six months therapy.
Conclusion: Adherence, CD4 pre HAART, and Tuberculosis infection were associated with the increasing of CD4 count in HIV patient who received HAART in the first six months therapy.]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2014
SP-PDF
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Dwi Anggraito Amirullah
Hubungan faktor sosio-demografi dan pengetahuan dengan sikap Mahasiswa FKM UI terhadap penderita HIV-AIDS Tahun 2013 = Correlation between socio-demographics knowledge and attitudes of FKM UI Student toward people with HIV-AIDS in 2013
"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan faktor sosio-demografi dan pengetahuan dengan sikap mahasiswa FKM UI terhadap penderita HIV-AIDS tahun 2013. Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional pada 147 mahasiswa program sarjana FKM UI angkatan 2010 dan 2011 sebagai sumber data yang dikumpulkan dengan cara angket menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 61,2% mahasiswa memiliki sikap yang negatif terhadap penderita HIV-AIDS, 54,6% mahasiswa mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan yang buruk tentang HIV-AIDS. Sebagian besar responden (70,7%) berusia < 20 tahun, berjenis kelamin perempuan (77,6%) dan umumnya berpendidikan SMA (96,6%), beragama Islam (47,5%) dan berasal dari luar Jakarta (62,6%) serta tinggal di rumah kost/asrama (58,5%). Hasil analisis mendapatkan tidak ada variabel yang berhubungan dengan sikap responden terhadap penderita HIV-AIDS.
The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of sociodemographic factors and knowledge associated with the attitudes of 'Faculty of Public Health', University of Indonesia student towards people who live with HIV-AIDS in 2013. This study used cross-sectional design with a total sample of 147 students of FKM class 2010 and 2011 which taken as the total sample and also using questionnaire as a measure of this research. The results of this study showed that 61.2% of students still have a negative attitude towards people with HIV-AIDS and 54.6% of students have a poor level of knowledge about HIVAIDS. A total of 70.7% of respondents aged less than 20 years, by sex is dominated 77.6% of women with a recent educational background equivalent of high school graduates (96.6%), Moslem (87.1%) came from outside Jakarta (62 , 6%), and lived in a boarding house/dormitory (58.5%). Based on chi square test age is no one variable that had a significant relationship with attitudes toward people living with HIV-AIDS in the FKM student class of 2010 and 2011."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2013
S47176
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Jilia Roza
Faktor yang berhubungan dengan status HIV klien VCT (Voluntary Counseling and Testing HIV) di RSUD Mandau Kabupaten Bengkalis tahun 2012 = The factors that associated with HIV status client VCT (Voluntary Counseling and Testing HIV) at RSUD Mandau Bengkalis in 2012
"HIV merupakan penyebab penyakit infeksi yang akan diderita seumur hidup. Tidak semua orang yang terinfeksi HIV memiliki jangka waktu yang sama dalam menunjukkan gejala klinisnya, sehingga transmisi masih dapat terjadi selama penderita dalam periode asimptomatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan status HIV klien VCT (Voluntary Counselling and Testing) di RSUD Mandau Kabupaten Bengkalis Tahun 2012. Penelitian ini merupakan analisis lanjut dari data rekam medis klinik VCT HIV pada 897 orang klien VCT HIV di RSUD Mandau. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi form VCT menggunakan lembar daftar tilik. Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan 4,2% klien VCT yang terinfeksi HIV dan pekerjaan berhubungan dengan status HIV, dimana klien yang pekerjaannya terkait dengan faktor risiko hampir 16 kali untuk terinfeksi HIV dibandingkan klien yang pekerjaannya tidak terkait dengan faktor risiko. Perlunya perhatian, pencegahan serta penanggulangan dari seluruh pihak baik pemerintahan, tenaga kesehatan maupun masyarakat.
HIV is a cause of disease infection that will be suffered a lifetime. Not all people with HIV have the the same timeframe in the showing symptoms clinicayl, so that the transmission may still occur during the patients in the period of asymptomatic. This research was aimed to determine the factors associated with HIV status VCT clients (Voluntary Counseling and Testing) at RSUD Mandau Bengkalis In 2012. This study is a further analysis of the medical records of HIV VCT clinic at 897 people with HIV VCT clients in RSUD Mandau. The data was collected through observation VCT form using the checklist sheet. Results of this study get 4.2% of VCT clients infected with HIV and work related with HIV status, where clients who work associated with risk factors nearly 16 times for HIV infection than clients who work not associated with risk factors. Need more concern, prevention and suppression of all parties, including government, health workers, and society."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2013
S46421
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Erika Wati Murliani
Hubungan konsisten penggunaan kondom dengan kejadian HIV(+) pada waria di 5 kota besar di Indonesia tahun 2011 : analisis data sekunder surveilans terpadu biologis dan perilaku tahun 2011 = Correlation of consistent condom use and HIV (+) among transgender in 5 big cities in Indonesia 2011 : secondary data analysis of integrated biological and behavioral surveillance 2011
"Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) telah menjadi masalah kesehatan internasional karena telah terjadi peningkatan jumlah pasien di beberapa negara di dunia. Kawasan Asia Selatan dan Asia Tenggara, merupakan kawasan dengan jumlah kasus HIV/AIDS tertinggi kedua yaitu sebanyak 7,8 juta atau 5,2-12 juta. Prevalensi HIV pada kelompok waria di Indonesia tahun 2003 sebesar 22% lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan negara Bangkok (16,8%) dan Kamboja (9,8%). Sekitar 59,3% waria tidak menggunakan kondom saat melakukan seks anal lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada gay (53,1%). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsistensi penggunaan kondom dengan HIV(+) pada waria. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Responden berasal dari Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Malang dan Surabaya pada tahun 2011, dengan metode pengambilan sampel Two-stage Proportionate Probability Sampling. Dari 1089 sampel yang ada, sampel yang eligible dan masuk dalam analisis sebanyak 1070 sampel. Prevalensi kasus HIV(+) pada waria sebesar 21,9%, dengan analisis bivariat yang menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna secara statistik adalah konsistensi penggunaan kondom, umur, pendidikan, lama melakukan seks komersil, jumlah pelanggan seks anal, negosiasi kondom, kontak dengan petugas, dan kunjungan klinik IMS. Setelah dilakukan uji stratifikasi, didapatkan ada interaksi variabel pendidikan dan konsistensi penggunaan kondom terhadap hubungan konsistensi penggunaan kondom dengan HIV(+). Analisis multivariat yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik. Hasil akhir hubungan konsistensi penggunaan kondom dengan HIV(+) yang didapatkan setelah mengontrol pengetahuan komprehensif HIV/AIDS, negosiasi kondom, jumlah pelanggan seks anal, kunjungan klinik IMS, pendidikan, lama melakukan seks komersil, dan interaksi konsistensi penggunaan kondom dan pendidikan dengan OR sebesar 0,037 (95% CI: 0,004-0,349). Terdapat hubungan risiko yang tidak logis dalam penelitian ini, menyebabkan hasil penelitian ini tidak dapat digeneralisasikan untuk 5 kota besar di Indonesia. Pada waria yang tidak konsisten dalam menggunakan kondom baik yang berpendidikan rendah maupun tinggi, perlu dilakukan upaya peningkatan kegiatan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi. Monitoring dan evaluasi juga sangat diperlukan untuk memantau prevalensi HIV(+) pada waria dan mengumpulkan data/ informasi yang berhubungan dengan meningkatnya kasus HIV(+) pada beberapa propinsi dengan jumlah waria terbanyak berdasarkan estimasi populasi rawan tertular HIV di Indonesia.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) has been a health international problem due to the increasing of patient in several countries in the world. South and South-East Asia is the second region of the biggest number of HIV/AIDS, that is around 7,8 million or 5,2-12 million. The prevalence of HIV among transgender in Indonesia in 2003 is 22% higher than Bangkok (16,8%) and Cambodia (9,8%). Around of 59,3% transgender were not using condom during anal intercourse which was higher than among men who have sex with men (53,1%). The aim of this study is to estimate the correlation of consistent condom use and HIV (+) among transgender. The study design is cross-sectional. The respondents were taken from Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Malang and Surabaya in 2011, by Two-stage Proportionate Probability Sampling method. Total of available sample were 1089 sample, but only 1070 sample were eligible and continued to analysis. The prevalence of HIV(+) among transgender is 21,9%. The result of bivariat analysis showed that several covariat variables had a statistically significant: consistent of condom use, age, education, time of commersial sex practice, anal-sex partner number, condom negotiation, contact with health worker, and visit to sexually transmitted infection (STI)`s clinic. There is an interaction variable of education and consistent condom use to the correlation of consistent condom use and HIV (+). Logistic regression was used for multivatiate analysis. The end of the result in this study is odds ratio (OR) of the correlation of consistent condom use and HIV (+) after controlling some confounders: a HIV/AIDS comprehensive knowledge, condom negotiation, anal-sex partner number, visit to STI`s clinic, education, time of commersial sex practice, and interaction of education and consistent condom use, is 0,037 (95% CI: 0,004-0,349). There are unlogically risk correlation in this study, which can cause the end of this result could not be generalized for the transgender`s population in 5 bis cities in Indonesia. An unconsistent condom use among high and low education among transgender, should be intervented by strenghtening of communication, information, and education programme. Monitoring and evaluation is more important to be implemented for monitoring the number of prevalence of HIV(+) among transgender and compiling data/informations of the correlation increased number of HIV(+) in several provinces which have a biggest number of transgender based on the estimation of population at risk of infected HIV in Indonesia."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2014
T36865
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Roy Amardiyanto
Dampak anti retroviral ARV pada HIV anak: kajian pada perubahan nilai intelligence quotient (IQ) dan elektroensefalografi (EEG) = The impact of antiretroviral ARV treatment on HIV-infected children: an evaluation on altered intelligence quotient (IQ) and electroencephalography (EEG) activity
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Mayoritas anak dengan HIV memiliki masalah fungsi susunan saraf pusat SSP dan neurokognitif walaupun telah mendapatkan ARV. Gangguan fungsi SSP dan neurokognitif perlu dimonitor secara jangka panjang. Tujuan: Mengetahui perubahan IQ dan gambaran EEG pada pasien HIV anak yang telah memperoleh ARV. Metode: Penelitian kohort retrospektif pada 63 anak dengan HIV berusia 7-17 tahun yang telah memperoleh ARV pasca follow-up dalam 3 tahun dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM . Dilakukan anamnesis, tes IQ, dan EEG. Selanjutnya, dinilai perubahan proporsi IQ dan EEG serta hubungan perubahan IQ dengan stadium klinis HIV, penyakit infeksi SSP, jenis ARV, keteraturan minum ARV, dan jenis sekolah. Hasil: Perubahan proporsi IQ normal menjadi abnormal pada verbal scale, performance, dan full-scale adalah 13 20,6 subyek p=0,002 , 12 19 subyek p=0,035 , dan 10 15,9 subyek p=0,039 . Perubahan proporsi verbal, performance, dan full-scale IQ tidak berhubungan dengan stadium HIV, infeksi SSP, keteraturan minum ARV, dan tipe sekolah. Perubahan proporsi EEG normal menjadi abnormal sebanyak 19 subyek 30,2 p=0,003 . Simpulan: Obat anti retroviral jangka panjang tidak memperbaiki IQ dan gambaran EEG pada pasien HIV anak.
ABSTRACT
Background: A majority of HIV-infected children are dealing with central nervous system CNS dysfunction and neurocognitive disorder. CNS dysfunction and neurocognitive disorder need to be monitored in the long-term. Objective: To identify altered IQ and EEG activity in HIV-infected children who had received ARV treatment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study in HIV-infected children aged 7 to 17 years who had received ARV and had 3-year follow up was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital CMH . History taking, IQ test, and EEG was performed. We evaluated changes in IQ proportion, EEG activity and the correlation between altered IQ and HIV infection stages, CNS infection, ARV type, medication adherence and school type. Results: There was an altered proportion of IQ score from normal into abnormal for verbal scale, performance and full scale scores, which occurred in 13 20.6 subjects p=0.002 , 12 19 subjects p=0.035 , and 10 15.9 subjects p=0.039 , respectively; The altered IQ proportion had no correlation with HIV infection stages, CNS infection, medication adherence and school type. The altered proportion of EEG activity was found in 19 30.2 subjects p=0.003 . Conclusion: Long-term ARV does not improve the IQ score and EEG activity in HIV-infected children."
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2018
SP-PDF
UI - Dokumentasi  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Eleyna Farihah
Fusi immunodominant region (IDR) Gp41 HIV-1 dengan Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) untuk meningkatkan kinerja uji serologi HIV = Fusion of HIV-1 Gp41 immunodominant region (IDR) with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) to increase the performance of HIV serology assay
"ABSTRAK
Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV merupakan virus yang menyebabkan Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS. Infeksi HIV dapat bersifat laten. Tahapan infeksi meliputi infeksi primer, diseminasi virus ke organ limfoid, peningkatan ekspresi HIV, timbulnya gejala penyakit, dan kematian. Dalam upaya pengendalian kasus infeksi HIV, maka dibutuhkan uji diagnostik serologi yang sensitif dan spesifik. Diagnosis suatu spesimen diawali dengan uji skrining yang berguna untuk identifikasi presumtif kandungan antibodi di dalam spesimen. Salah satu uji skrining yang umum enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA . Uji ELISA untuk diagnosis infeksi HIV saat ini dilakukan berdasarkan antigen, antara lain p24 yang merupakan bagian protein Gag, serta gp41 dan gp120 yang merupakan bagian protein envelope. Telah dilakukan fusi peptida daerah imunodominan gp41 dari 4 subtipe HIV-1 tetraIDR env dengan BSA dalam upaya pengembangan uji ELISA berbasis antigen rekombinan. Gen BSA-tIDR disisipkan ke dalam vektor ekspresi pQE80L dan pengklonaan berhasil menghasilkan plasmid pQE80-BSA-tIDR. Ekspresi protein rekombinan pada bakteri E.coli dilakukan untuk menghasilkan protein BSA-tIDR dan tIDR . Ekspresi protein berhasil dilakukan pada kondisi suhu 37oC, dan dengan induksi IPTG 1 mM selama 4 jam. Protein BSA-tIDR belum berhasil dipurifikasi dengan metode NiNTA. Uji western blot dilakukan terhadap protein hasil ekspresi BSA-tIDR, hasil purifikasi tIDR, dan BSA saja . Hasil uji western blot dengan serum pasien positif HIV-1 memberikan hasil positif pada protein BSA-tIDR dan tIDR.
ABSTRACT
Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV is a virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS. HIV infection can be latent. Stages of infection include primary infection, viral dissemination to lymphoid organs, increased HIV expression, onset of symptoms, and death. In order to control the HIV infection, a sensitive and specific serologic diagnostic test is required. The diagnosis of a specimen begins with a screening test useful for presumptive identification of the antibody contained in the specimen. One of the common screening tests is enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA . The current ELISA tests for the diagnosis of HIV infection are based on antigens, including p24 which is part of the Gag protein, and gp41 and gp120 which are part of the envelope protein. The fusion of gp41 immunodominant region peptide of 4 HIV 1 subtypes tetraIDR env with BSA has been done to develope recombinant antigen based ELISA assays. The BSA tIDR gene is inserted into the pQE80L expression vector and the cloning successfully produced pQE80 BSA tIDR plasmid. Expression of recombinant protein in E.coli bacteria was performed to produce BSA tIDR and tIDR proteins. The protein expression was successfully performed at 37 C, with 1 mM IPTG induction for 4 hours. BSA tIDR protein has not been successfully purified by NiNTA method. The western blot test was performed on BSA tIDR expression proteins, purified tIDR, and BSA alone. The western blot test with serum HIV 1 positive patients gave positive results on BSA tIDR and tIDR proteins."
2017
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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