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"[Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) merupakan buah yang banyak tumbuh di negara tropis, di antaranya Indonesia dan Thailand. Bagian kulit (pericarp) Manggis memiliki banyak khasiat, salah satunya sebagai antikanker. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas untuk melihat efek ekstrak kulit buah Manggis terhadap viabilitas sel leukemia MT-2. Untuk membuat ekstrak, pelarut yang digunakan adalah etanol 99%. Ekstrak etanol kulit buah Manggis dibuat dengan menggunakan alat rotary evaporator. Konsentrasi ekstrak dibagi menjadi delapan yakni, 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, dan 800 μg/ml. Penambahan DMSO dan media kultur digunakan sebagai kontrol. Ekstrak dan kontrol diberikan kepada sel leukemia MT-2 dan dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas dengan menggunakan metode MTT-Assay. Hasil uji sitotoksisitas berupa kepadatan sel yang dinyatakan dengan Optical Density (OD). Data ini diolah sehingga menghasilkan IC50. Nilai IC50 yang didapatkan adalah 1,72 μg/ml yang tergolong sitotoksik kuat. Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis, dilanjutkan dengan uji post hoc Mann Whitney dan didapatkan hasil perbedaan bermakna pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, dan 50 μg/ml.;Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). is a fruit which grows in tropical countries, includes Indonesia and Thailand. Its peel or pericarp has a lot of benefits. One of the benefits is as anticancer. To test the effectiveness of the peel as anticancer, cytotoxicity test should be done. The previous researches haven?t done the test on leukemia MT-2 cells, so this research did this test on leukemia MT-2 cells to know the effect of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract to the viability of this cancer cell. This research used ethanol 99% for the solvent. Mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract was made by using rotary evaporator. The extract was adjusted into eight concentrations, which are 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml. DMSO and culture media were used for the control. Both the extract and the control were given to the leukemia MT-2 cells and were tested for cytotoxicity test. MTT-Assay method was used for the cytotoxicity test. The result of cytotoxicity test is called Optical Density (OD) or the density of the cancer cells which are still ?alive?. This data was processing so that the IC50 can be valued. The IC50 value from this experiment is 1.72 μg/ml which is a very strong cytotoxicity. For data analysis, this research used Kruskal-Wallis Test and was continued by using Post hoc Mann-Whitney Test. From Post hoc Mann-Whitney Test, there are the significant differences between several concentrations. The significant differences can be seen on control group and tested group with concentration 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, and 50 μg/ml;Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). is a fruit which grows in tropical countries, includes Indonesia and Thailand. Its peel or pericarp has a lot of benefits. One of the benefits is as anticancer. To test the effectiveness of the peel as anticancer, cytotoxicity test should be done. The previous researches haven?t done the test on leukemia MT-2 cells, so this research did this test on leukemia MT-2 cells to know the effect of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract to the viability of this cancer cell. This research used ethanol 99% for the solvent. Mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract was made by using rotary evaporator. The extract was adjusted into eight concentrations, which are 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml. DMSO and culture media were used for the control. Both the extract and the control were given to the leukemia MT-2 cells and were tested for cytotoxicity test. MTT-Assay method was used for the cytotoxicity test. The result of cytotoxicity test is called Optical Density (OD) or the density of the cancer cells which are still ?alive?. This data was processing so that the IC50 can be valued. The IC50 value from this experiment is 1.72 μg/ml which is a very strong cytotoxicity. For data analysis, this research used Kruskal-Wallis Test and was continued by using Post hoc Mann-Whitney Test. From Post hoc Mann-Whitney Test, there are the significant differences between several concentrations. The significant differences can be seen on control group and tested group with concentration 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, and 50 μg/ml, Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). is a fruit which grows in tropical countries, includes Indonesia and Thailand. Its peel or pericarp has a lot of benefits. One of the benefits is as anticancer. To test the effectiveness of the peel as anticancer, cytotoxicity test should be done. The previous researches haven’t done the test on leukemia MT-2 cells, so this research did this test on leukemia MT-2 cells to know the effect of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract to the viability of this cancer cell. This research used ethanol 99% for the solvent. Mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract was made by using rotary evaporator. The extract was adjusted into eight concentrations, which are 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml. DMSO and culture media were used for the control. Both the extract and the control were given to the leukemia MT-2 cells and were tested for cytotoxicity test. MTT-Assay method was used for the cytotoxicity test. The result of cytotoxicity test is called Optical Density (OD) or the density of the cancer cells which are still ‘alive’. This data was processing so that the IC50 can be valued. The IC50 value from this experiment is 1.72 μg/ml which is a very strong cytotoxicity. For data analysis, this research used Kruskal-Wallis Test and was continued by using Post hoc Mann-Whitney Test. From Post hoc Mann-Whitney Test, there are the significant differences between several concentrations. The significant differences can be seen on control group and tested group with concentration 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, and 50 μg/ml]"

"[Angka kejadian penyakit mieloma multipel kecil, yaitu 0,8% di dunia dan 0,6% diAsia Tenggara dari seluruh kasus kanker yang ada. Namun, penyakit ini terjadisecara asimtomatik sehingga sulit didiagnosis, belum dapat disembuhkan, danmudah mempengaruhi organ dalam tubuh. Kulit buah manggis yang jarangdimanfaatkan diketahui mengandung senyawa xanton (polifenolat) yang memilikiaktivitas antikanker. Penelitian in vitro menggunakan sel jalur p3x63ag8 untukmenemukan ada tidaknya efek sitotoksisitas ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis sertaIC50. Sel dibagi menjadi 9 kelompok, yaitu 1 kelompok kontrol dan 8 kelompokperlakuan dengan konsentrasi 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, dan 800 μg/ml. Data diambil dengan metode MTTassay dan hasilnya berupa nilai optical density. Setelah inkubasi 48 jammenggunakan ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis, hasil persamaan garis diketahuiIC50 nya adalah 5,41 μg/ml. Analisis statistik dengan Kruskal Wallis menghasilkanadanya perbedaan efek sitotoksik pada konsentrasi yang berbeda . Uji Post Hocdidapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan6,25 μg/ml dengan kelompok perlakuan lain.;Multiple myeloma disease has small incidence, namely 0,8% in the world and 0,6%in Southeast Asia of all cancer cases. However, the diasease occurs in asymptomaticthat so difficult to be diagnosed, can not be cured, and affects many organs. Themangosteen pericarp which rarely used evidently contain xanthone (polifenolat)compound which have anticancer activity. Research in in vitro manner using celllines p3x63ag8 to discover the presence of cytotoxicity effect of mangosteenpericarp ethanol extract and the IC50. Cells was divided into 9 groups, 1 controlgroup and 8 treatment groups (consentrations: 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml,50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml). Data taken by MTTassay method and the result is optical density value. After 48-hours incubationperiod and the result in line equation, found that IC50 was 5.41 ug / ml. Statisticalanalysis with Kruskal Wallis declared differences in the cytotoxic effects ofdifferent concentrations.Post Hoc test found significant difference beetwen thecontrol group and the treatment group of 6.25 ug / ml just than other groups;Multiple myeloma disease has small incidence, namely 0,8% in the world and 0,6%in Southeast Asia of all cancer cases. However, the diasease occurs in asymptomaticthat so difficult to be diagnosed, can not be cured, and affects many organs. Themangosteen pericarp which rarely used evidently contain xanthone (polifenolat)compound which have anticancer activity. Research in in vitro manner using celllines p3x63ag8 to discover the presence of cytotoxicity effect of mangosteenpericarp ethanol extract and the IC50. Cells was divided into 9 groups, 1 controlgroup and 8 treatment groups (consentrations: 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml,50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml). Data taken by MTTassay method and the result is optical density value. After 48-hours incubationperiod and the result in line equation, found that IC50 was 5.41 ug / ml. Statisticalanalysis with Kruskal Wallis declared differences in the cytotoxic effects ofdifferent concentrations.Post Hoc test found significant difference beetwen thecontrol group and the treatment group of 6.25 ug / ml just than other groups, Multiple myeloma disease has small incidence, namely 0,8% in the world and 0,6%in Southeast Asia of all cancer cases. However, the diasease occurs in asymptomaticthat so difficult to be diagnosed, can not be cured, and affects many organs. Themangosteen pericarp which rarely used evidently contain xanthone (polifenolat)compound which have anticancer activity. Research in in vitro manner using celllines p3x63ag8 to discover the presence of cytotoxicity effect of mangosteenpericarp ethanol extract and the IC50. Cells was divided into 9 groups, 1 controlgroup and 8 treatment groups (consentrations: 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml,50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml). Data taken by MTTassay method and the result is optical density value. After 48-hours incubationperiod and the result in line equation, found that IC50 was 5.41 ug / ml. Statisticalanalysis with Kruskal Wallis declared differences in the cytotoxic effects ofdifferent concentrations.Post Hoc test found significant difference beetwen thecontrol group and the treatment group of 6.25 ug / ml just than other groups]"

"[Buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) merupakan salah satu buah tropis dari Asia Tenggara seperti Indonesia dan kulitnya biasanya digunakan sebagai obat tradisional untuk mengatasi inflamasi dan mikroorganisme. Selain itu, kulit buah manggis juga diperkirakan dapat digunakan sebagai antikanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis terhadap viabilitas sel Raji secara in vitro melalui uji sitotoksisitas. Ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis didapatkan melalui proses maserasi dan evaporasi dengan rotary evaporator. Ekstrak dibagi menjadi beberapa konsentrasi, yaitu 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, dan 800 μg/ml, kemudian diujikan ke sel Raji dan diinkubasi selama 48 jam. Uji sitotoksisitas yang digunakan adalah metode MTT-assay. Sifat sitotoksisitas ekstrak tersebut ditentukan oleh nilai IC50, lalu uji kemaknaan yang digunakan adalah Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai IC50 sebesar 3,07 μg/ml (p = 0,02). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis bersifat sitotoksik kuat terhadap viabilitas sel Raji dan ditemukan adanya perbedaan bermakna antar kelompok. Hasil uji Post Hoc memperlihatkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan dengan konsentrasi 6,25 μg/ml dengan kelompok perlakuan lain.;Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn) is one of tropical fruit from south east Asia such as Indonesia and its pericarp usually used as traditional medicine for anti-inflammatory and anti-microorganism. Mangosteen pericarp is also expected can be used as anticancer. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract on viability of Raji cells. The extract was obtained by maceration and evaporation process with rotary evaporator. The extract was divided into several concentration, such as 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml, then it was tested with Raji cells and incubated during 48 hours. The cytotoxic effect against Raji cells is evaluated by MTT-assay. The cytotoxicity level of the extract is determined by IC50 value, then the significance test is used Kruskal-Wallis. The result of analysis showed that IC50 value was 3.07 μg/ml (p = 0.02). The conclusion of this research were the mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract has high cytotoxicity for viability Raji cells and there was a significant difference between groups. Post Hoc test result showed there were significant difference between control and 6.25 μg/ml group which compared with other groups;Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn) is one of tropical fruit from south east Asia such as Indonesia and its pericarp usually used as traditional medicine for anti-inflammatory and anti-microorganism. Mangosteen pericarp is also expected can be used as anticancer. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract on viability of Raji cells. The extract was obtained by maceration and evaporation process with rotary evaporator. The extract was divided into several concentration, such as 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml, then it was tested with Raji cells and incubated during 48 hours. The cytotoxic effect against Raji cells is evaluated by MTT-assay. The cytotoxicity level of the extract is determined by IC50 value, then the significance test is used Kruskal-Wallis. The result of analysis showed that IC50 value was 3.07 μg/ml (p = 0.02). The conclusion of this research were the mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract has high cytotoxicity for viability Raji cells and there was a significant difference between groups. Post Hoc test result showed there were significant difference between control and 6.25 μg/ml group which compared with other groups, Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn) is one of tropical fruit from south east Asia such as Indonesia and its pericarp usually used as traditional medicine for anti-inflammatory and anti-microorganism. Mangosteen pericarp is also expected can be used as anticancer. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract on viability of Raji cells. The extract was obtained by maceration and evaporation process with rotary evaporator. The extract was divided into several concentration, such as 6.25 μg/ml, 12.5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml, then it was tested with Raji cells and incubated during 48 hours. The cytotoxic effect against Raji cells is evaluated by MTT-assay. The cytotoxicity level of the extract is determined by IC50 value, then the significance test is used Kruskal-Wallis. The result of analysis showed that IC50 value was 3.07 μg/ml (p = 0.02). The conclusion of this research were the mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract has high cytotoxicity for viability Raji cells and there was a significant difference between groups. Post Hoc test result showed there were significant difference between control and 6.25 μg/ml group which compared with other groups]"

"Tanaman obat sudah sejak lama digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia untuk menjaga kondisi tubuh agar tetap sehat, mencegah maupun menyembuhkan penyakit. Salah satunya adalah kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.). Penelitian sebelumnya telah menguji aktifitas antioksidan dengan penangkapan radikal bebas 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari pemberian ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) pada sel darah merah domba yang diberikan stres oksidatif dengan t-BHP secara in vitro, dan melindungi membran sel darah merah domba yang diberikan stress oksidatif dengan t-BHP secara in vitro (MDA). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol 50% kulit buah manggis (EEKBM) dengan konsentrasi 1,95mg/mL mampu mengatasi radikal bebas yang ditimbulkan oleh t-BHP dalam hal ini mampu mengatasi peroksidasi lipid membran SDMD oleh t-BHP, ditunjukkan dengan penurunan kadar MDA yang bermakna. EEKBM mampu meningkatkan kadar GSH pada SDMD yang diberi oksidator. EEKBM tidak menyebabkan pembentukan met-Hb, dan tidak berperan dalam menghambat pembentukan met-Hb. Disimpulkan bahwa EEKBM mampu mengatasi peroksidasi lipid.

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Medicinal plants have long been used by the people of Indonesia to maintain the condition of their body to stay healthy, prevent or cure any disease. The one is the pericarp of the mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana L.). Previous studies have tested the antioxidant activity 2,2-diphenyl-1-pikrilhidrazil. The question is whether this garcinia can prevent oxidative stress in red blood cells.

This study aimed to examine the effect of ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp (Garcinia mangostana L.) to the red blood cells of sheep (SDMD), that oxidative stress is given by t-BHP in vitro, and it can protects the sheep red blood cell membranes from oxidative stress is given by t-BHP in vitro (MDA).

The results showed that given of 50% ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp (EEKBM) with a concentration of 1.95 mg / mL able to reduce the free radicals generated by t-BHP and in this case it was able to overcome lipid peroxidation of SDMD membrane by t-BHP, indicated by the decreased levels of MDA. EEKBM can increase levels of GSH in SDMD that given the oxidant. EEKBM not lead the formation of metHb, and did not play a role in inhibiting the formation of met-Hb. It is concluded that EEKBM is able to reduce the lipid peroxidation."

"[Kanker kolorektal merupakan keganasan ketiga terbanyak di Indonesia dengan95% diantaranya adalah adenokarsinoma kolon. Saat ini, tatalaksana yang dapatdiberikan berupa bedah reseksi atau laparoskopi masih terbatas khususnya padakanker kolon stadiur akhir. Sehingga, masih diperlukan penelitian untukmenemukan terapi alternatif untuk mendukung tatalaksana yang ada. Salahsatunya adalah kulit buah manggis yang dikatakan memiliki berbagai manfaat,termasuk antikanker. Ekstrak etanol kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana l.)pada penelitian ini diuji efek sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel adenokarsinoma kolon(C2BBE1) secara in vitro. Kulit manggis utuh segar dikeringkan, ditumbukmenjadi serbuk, dimaserasi dalam alkohol 99%, kemudian dievaporasi untukmenghasilkan crude extract kulit manggis. Dilakukan uji KLT dan fitokimiauntuk mengidentifikasi kandungan ekstrak. Digunakan delapan variasi konsentrasiekstrak, yaitu 6,2 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml,400 μg/ml, dan 800 μg/ml yang dilarutkan dalam DMSO dan media RPMIsebelum ditambahkan ke sel uji. Sel uji merupakan sel adenokarsinoma kolon dariDepartemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM yang sebelum digunakan sudahditumbuhkan, diamati pertumbuhannya, dihitung kepadatannya, dan dipeliharadalam medium kultur komplit, pada suhu 37 °C dengan kandungan 5% CO2 padainkubator. Penambahan ekstrak dilakukan saat pertumbuhan sel konfluens dandiinkubasi kembali selama 48 jam untuk kemudian diamati di bawah mikroskopdino-eye dan dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas dengan metode MTT assay. Didapatkannilai %inhibisi proliferasi sel dengan pemberian ekstrak berbeda bermaknaterhadap kontrol dengan nilai p=0.015 (< 0,05) dengan uji Kruskal Wallis. NilaiIC50nya adalah 1,11 μg/ml yang berarti ekstrak yang mengandung polifenolat(termasuk xanton) tersebut bersifat sitotoksik kuat terhadap sel uji., Colorectal cancer is the third most found cancer in Indonesia in which 95% ofthem are colon adenocarcinoma. Today, the therapy is still limited in resectionsurgey or laparoscopy which is not efficient especially in late stadium. Therefore,alternative treatments are needed to support existing therapies. One of them isMangosteen Pericarp which is known for its many benefits including as ananticancer. In this study, mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn) pericarpethanol extract’s cytotoxicity is tested on colon adenocarcinoma cells (typeC2BBE1). The fruit’s pericarp is peeled, dried, ground into powder, macerated in99% ethanol, then evaporated to create a crude extract of mangosteen pericarp.TLC and phytocemical screening is done to detect the components of the extract.There were 8 variations of extract concentration; 6.2 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml,50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, and 800 μg/ml which were dissolvedin DMSO and RPMI media before given to tested cell lines. Tested cell lines wereavailable from anatomic pathology laboratory of FKUI RSCM which werecultured, monitored, counted, and inccubated in culture media under moistciurcumstances (370C, 5% CO2), The extracts are given to cell lines which were50% confluent then incubated for 48 hours. The cells then observed undermicroscope with dino-eye camera and tested using MTT assay kit to know thecytotoxycity. The results show significant difference between inhibitionpercentage of tested extracts to control with the value of p=0.015 (< 0,05)measured with Kruskal Wallis test. The IC50 value is 1.11μg/ml which means thatthe xanthon containing extract is highly cytotoxic to the tested cell lines]"

"[Kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama di dunia, termasuk Indonesia. Berbagai penelitian dilakukan untuk mencari alternatif terapi kanker. Kulit manggis dipercaya mempunyai kandungan senyawa yang bersifat sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek sitotoksisitas ekstrak etanol kulit manggis terhadap sel limfoma Hodgkin. Ekstrak yang digunakan berasal dari proses ekstraksi kulit manggis dengan pelarut etanol menggunakan Vaccum Rotary Evaporator pada tekanan 1 atm dengan suhu 60o C. Ekstrak kulit manggis diberikan dalam 8 konsentrasi berbeda yaitu 6,25 μg/ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, 100 μg/ml, 200 μg/ml, 400 μg/ml, dan 800 μg/ml. Sitotoksisitas dinilai dengan uji MTT-assay untuk mendapat nilai IC50. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kulit manggis mempunyai efek sitotoksik terhadap sel limfoma Hodgkin dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 5.6 μg/ml. Uji kemaknaan menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan nilai p = 0.008 (p ≤ 0.05). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu ekstrak etanol kulit manggis mempunyai efek sitotoksik kuat terhadap sel Limfoma Hodgkin.;Cancer is one of the leading cause of death in the world, including Indonesia. Various studies have been done to seek alternative cancer therapy. Mangosteen pericarp is believed to have substance that are cytotoxic to cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract on Hodgkin Lymphoma cells. The extract used in this study is obtained from the mangosteen pericarp extraction using Vacuum Rotary Evaporator at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature of 60o C. Mangosteen pericarp extract is given in eight different concentration of 6.25 ug / ml, 12.5 pg / ml, 25 mg / ml, 50 pg / ml, 100 pg / ml, 200 mg / mL, 400 mg / ml, and 800 ug / ml. Cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT-assay test to obtain IC50 values. The results showed that ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp has a cytotoxic effect on Hodgkin lymphoma cells with IC50 value of 5.6 ug / ml. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and had a p value of 0.008 (p ≤ 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp has a strong cytotoxic effect on Hodgkin lymphoma cells, Cancer is one of the leading cause of death in the world, including Indonesia. Various studies have been done to seek alternative cancer therapy. Mangosteen pericarp is believed to have substance that are cytotoxic to cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity of mangosteen pericarp ethanol extract on Hodgkin Lymphoma cells. The extract used in this study is obtained from the mangosteen pericarp extraction using Vacuum Rotary Evaporator at a pressure of 1 atm and temperature of 60o C. Mangosteen pericarp extract is given in eight different concentration of 6.25 ug / ml, 12.5 pg / ml, 25 mg / ml, 50 pg / ml, 100 pg / ml, 200 mg / mL, 400 mg / ml, and 800 ug / ml. Cytotoxicity was assessed using MTT-assay test to obtain IC50 values. The results showed that ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp has a cytotoxic effect on Hodgkin lymphoma cells with IC50 value of 5.6 ug / ml. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and had a p value of 0.008 (p ≤ 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that ethanol extract of mangosteen pericarp has a strong cytotoxic effect on Hodgkin lymphoma cells]"

"Kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) telah dimanfaatkan sebagai obatsecara tradisional untuk berbagai penyakit, salah satunya adalah sebagaiantioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai kemampuan ekstraketanol kulit buah manggis (EEKBM) 50% dengan konsentrasi 0,195%, menahanstres oksidatif pada sel darah merah domba (SDMD) yang diberi tBHP secara invitro. Percobaan dilakukan dalam 4 kelompok, (I) kontrol, (II) SDMD + EEKBM,(III) SDMD + t-BHP, (IV) SDMD + EEKBM + t-BHP. Efek perlindungan kulitbuah manggis ditetapkan dengan mengukur parameter aktifitas enzim-enzimantioksidan superoksida dismutase (SOD), glutation peroksidase (GPx) dankatalase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian EEKBM mampu menahanstress oksidatif pada SDMD yang diberi tBHP. Hal ini ditunjukkan denganpenurunan aktivitas SOD, GPx dan katalase pada pemberian EEKBM . Hasilpenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa EEKBM dapat melindungi SDMD dari stresoksidatif yang disebabkan oleh pemberian t-BHP.

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Pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) has been used traditionally as

medicine for various diseases. This study aimed to examined the effect of 50%

ethanol extract of mangosteen (EEMP) concentration of 0,195 % to prevent the

red blood cells of sheep (RBCS) from oxidative stress that induced by t-BHP in

vitro. The groups were (I) control, (II) RBCS + EEMP, (III) RBCS + EEMP + t-

BHP and (IV) RBCS + EEMP + t-BHP. The result showed that activities of

superoxide dismutase (SOD), Gluthation peroxidase (GPx) and catalase were

decreasing, so we concluded that EEMP had antioxidant capacity to protect

RBCS oxidative stress induced by t-BHP.

"

"Latar Belakang: Demam berdarah dengue merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Insiden dan angka kematian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) terus meningkat di Indonesia. Belum penemuan vaksin untuk penyakit ini, menjadikannya satu-satunya cara untuk mencegahnya penyebarannya adalah dengan mengontrol vektor propagasi, yaitu menggunakan insektisida sintetis. Beberapa daerah di Indonesia sudah melaporkan Kasus resistensi terhadap insektisida sintetik, seperti di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Tengah DI. Yogyakarta, hal ini dikarenakan pemakaian yang berlebihan dan dalam waktu yang lama panjang. Salah satu solusi yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan Insektisida herbal. Selain tidak banyak digunakan, dibuat dari bahan insektisida tanaman juga lebih ramah lingkungan. Salah satu tanaman yang bisa dipilih merupakan tumbuhan manggis (Garcinia mangostana). Kandungan metabolit sekunder Tanaman manggis termasuk alkaloid, flavonoid, terpenoid, tanin dan saponin yang diketahui memiliki efek larvasida yang tinggi terhadap A. aegypti. Tambahan Nanokomposit Ag-TiO2 dapat digunakan untuk mempercepat kematian larva. Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat aktivitas insektisida ekstrak kulit manggis dan nanokomposit AgTiO2 terhadap larva dan nyamuk dewasa A. aegypti. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan dua subjek yaitu: 1) larva instar III dan IV dan 2) nyamuk A. aegypti dewasa yang terpapar ekstrak kulit manggis (Konsentrasi 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, dan 2500 ppm), nanokomposit Ag-TiO2 dan campuran ekstrak kult manggis dengan nanocompsite Ag-TiO2 diulang lima kali) Nyamuk dewasa A. Aegypti yang terkena ekstrak kulit manggis (Konsentrasi 2500, 5000, 10000, dan 20000), nanokomposit AgTiO2 (konsentrasi 5, 10, 20, dan 30 ppm), dan campuran Konsentrasi ekstrak kulit manggis dengan konsentrasi 2500, 5000, 10000, dan 20000 ppm nanokomposit (15 ppm) diulang tiga kali. Hasil: Uji Coba Pearson Ditemukan nilai r = +0.843 dan p = 0.001 pada konsentrasi penelitian campuran Ekstrak kulit manggis mengandung nanokomposit. Ini menandakan hubungan kuat dan positif (+) di antara konsentrasi campuran ekstrak kulit manggis mengandung nanokomposit dengan jumlah kematian nyamuk A. aegypti dewasa. Kesimpulan: Ekstrak kulit manggis dikoordinasikan dengan nanokomposit yang telah terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan aktivitas insektisida terhadap larva dan nyamuk dewasa A. aegypti.

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Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is an infectious disease transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The incidence and mortality rate of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) continues to increase in Indonesia. There has not been a vaccine for this disease yet, making it the only way to prevent its spread is to control the propagation vector, namely using synthetic insecticides. Several regions in Indonesia have reported cases of resistance to synthetic insecticides, such as in Central Java and Central Java, DI. Yogyakarta, this is due to excessive use and for a long time. One solution that can be done is to use herbal insecticides. Besides not being widely used, it is made from plant insecticides which are also more environmentally friendly. One of the plants to choose from is the mangosteen plant (Garcinia mangostana). Secondary metabolite content Mangosteen plants include alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and saponins which are known to have a high larvicidal effect against A. aegypti. Additional Ag-TiO2 nanocomposites can be used to accelerate larval mortality.

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the insecticidal activity of mangosteen peel extract and AgTiO2 nanocomposites against A. aegypti larvae and adult mosquitoes.

Method: This study used two subjects, namely: 1) instar larvae III and IV and 2) adult A. aegypti mosquitoes exposed to mangosteen peel extract (concentration 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 ppm), Ag-TiO2 nanocomposites and a mixture of mangosteen culture extract and Ag-TiO2 nanocomposites were repeated five times) Adult mosquitoes A. Aegypti were exposed to mangosteen peel extract (Concentrations 2500, 5000, 10000, and 20000), AgTiO2 nanocomposites (concentrations of 5, 10, 20, and 30 ppm), and mixed concentrations of mangosteen peel extract with concentrations of 2500, 5000, 10000, and 20000 ppm nanocomposites (15 ppm) were repeated three times.

Results: Pearson Trial It was found that the value of r = +0.843 and p = 0.001 in the research concentration mixture of mangosteen peel extract contained nanocomposites. This signifies relationship strong and positive (+) among the concentrations of the mangosteen peel extract mixture containing nanocomposites with the number of deaths of adult A. aegypti mosquitoes.

Conclusion: Mangosteen peel extract coordinated with nanocomposites had been shown to be effective in increasing insecticidal activity against larvae and adult mosquitoes. aegypti."

"Sitronelol dan geraniol dilaporkan mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri,antiinflamasi dan sitotoksik terhadap beberapa sel kanker. Hasil uji sitotoksiksitronelol dan geraniol terhadap sel kanker murine leukimia P388 menunjukkanbahwa, sitronelol dan geraniol mempunyai aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel kankertersebut. Untuk meningkatkan aktivitas sitotoksik, kedua senyawa tersebut dirancangmenjadi sejumlah senyawa ester dan diskrining virtual terhadap reseptor proteinproviral insertion site in Moloney murine leukemia virus-1 Pim1 kinase denganperangkat lunak Molegro Virtual Docker MVD . Hasil skrining virtual menunjukkanbahwa senyawa ester hasil rancangan mempunyai potensi sebagai antikanker dandisintesis 8 senyawa ester terpilih yaitu sitronelil kaproat, geranil kaproat, sitronelilisobutirat, geranil isobutirat, sitronelil 2,2-dimetil butirat, geranil 2,2-dimetil butirat,sitronelil kaprilat dan geranil kaprilat. Senyawa ester hasil sintesis dianalisis awalmenggunakan KLT, dimurnikan menggunakan kolom kromatografi, dielusidasistrukturnya menggunakan FTIR dan NMR serta dianalisis spektro massanyamenggunakan GCMS. Analisis toksisitas senyawa ester hasil sintesis dengan metodeBSLT menunjukkan bahwa, ester sitronelol dan geraniol hasil sintesis toksik terhadaplarva udang Artemia salina dengan nilai LC50 1,21-1,96 ?g/mL, sehingga berpotensisebagai senyawa antikanker. Hasil uji aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel murineleukimia P388 secara in vitro dengan metode MTT menunjukkan bahwa, estersitronelol dan geraniol hasil sintesis sitotoksik terhadap P388 dengan nilai IC50 10,63-37,69 ?g/mL. Aktivitas sitotoksik ester sitronelil kaproat yang disintesis dari asamkaproat minyak inti sawit sekitar 4 kali lebih kuat daripada sitronelol. Senyawa yangaktivitas sitotoksiknya lebih tinggi daripada senyawa induk, selanjutnya diujisitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara MCF7 dengan metode alamar blue. Hasil ujisitotoksik ini menunjukkan bahwa senyawa ester sitronelil isobutirat, sitronelil 2,2-dimetil butirat, geranil isobutirat dan geranil 2,2-dimetil butirat sitotoksik terhadapMCF7 dengan nilai IC50 1,32-4,83 ?g/mL. Hidrofobisitas log P senyawaberpengaruh terhadap aktivitas sitotoksik.

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Citronellol and geraniol have been reported as an antibacterial, anti inflammatory andcytotoxic against some cancer cells. The cytotoxic test result both of citronellol andgeraniol against murine leukemia P388 cancer cells showed that citronellol andgeraniol have cytotoxic activity against the cancer cells. To enhance the cytotoxicactivity both of the compounds, the compounds were designed into a number of estercompounds and virtual screened against the target receptor of proviral insertion sitein Moloney murine leukemia virus 1 Pim1 kinase using Molegro Virtual Docker MVD software. The virtual screening result showed that citronellol and geraniolesters have potential as anticancer and 8 ester compounds selected that are citronellylcaproate, geranyl caproate, citronellyl isobutyrate, geranyl isobutyrate, citronellyl2,2 dimethyl butyrate, geranyl 2,2 dimethyl butyrate, citronellyl caprylate and geranilcaprylate further synthesized. The synthesized ester compounds were preliminaryanalyzed by TLC, purified by column chromatography, elucidated the molecularstructure using FTIR and NMR and analyzed the mass spectra using GCMS. Toxicityanalysis of ester compounds by BSLT method showed that, citronellol and geraniolesters toxic against Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae with LC50 values of 1.21 1.96mg mL, thereby potentially as anticancer compound. The result of in vitro cytotoxicactivity of esters against murine leukemia P388 cancer cells by MTT method showedthat, citronellol and geraniol esters cytotoxic against P388 cancer cells with IC50values of 10.63 37.69 g mL. The cytotoxic activity of citronellyl caproate thatsynthesized from caproic acid of palm kernel oil was about 4 more active thancitronellol. Ester compounds that have higher cytotoxic activity than startingcompound, then were tested for cytotoxic activity against breast MCF7 cancer cellsby alamar blue method, The result showed that citronellyl isobutyrate, citronellyl 2,2 dimethyl butyrate, geranyl isobutyrate and geranyl 2,2 dimethyl butyrate activeagainst MCF7 cancer cells with IC50 values of 1.32 4.83 g mL. Hydrophobicity logP of ester compounds effect on the cytotoxic activity."

"Manggis merupakan buah yang banyak ditemukan di daerah tropis, dan sudah lama buah ini menjadi pilihan untuk dikonsumsi, beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buah ini memiliki banyak kandungan vitamin dan juga antioksidan yang bermanfaat bagi tubuh manusia.Pada studi eksperimen ini digunakan ekstrak kulit buah manggis serta bakteri Acinetobacter baumanii.Tujuannya untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit buah manggis untuk bakteritersebut. Metode: Metode yang digunakan untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri adalah metode sumuran. Antibiotik serta ekstrak kulit buah manggis dipipetkan pada setiap sumuran dalam satu medium agar yang berbeda, dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda-beda. Kemudian diinkubasi pada suhu 37oC selama 24-72 jam. Zona hambat bakteri uji diukur dengan mengukur daerah yang bening di sekitar sumuran. Hasil: Melalui uji Kruskal Wallis didapatkan hasil nilai p= 0,000 yang membuktikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada data-data tersebut. Dari uji Mann Whitney diperoleh hasil perbandingan antara tetrasiklin dengan aquades dan ekstrak kulit buah manggis dalam berbagai pengenceran memiliki perbedaan bermakna dengan nilai p < 0,05. Simpulan: Dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara statistik ekstrak kulit buah manggis tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Data ini sesuai dengan hasil percobaan yang menunjukkan tidak terbentuknya zona hambat pada agar yang diberi ekstrak kulit buah manggis.

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Mangosteen is a fruit that is found in the tropics area, and has long been a choice of fruit for consumption, some studies have shown that this fruit has alot of vitamins and also antioxidants that are beneficial for human. In the experimental study of the use of mangosteen peel extract and Acinetobacter baumannii. The goal is to determine whether there is the antibacterial activity of mangosteen peel extracts for bacteria.

Methods: The method used to test the antibacterial activity is a method of diffusion. Antibiotics and mangosteen peel extract included in any medium in a different order, with different concentrations. Then incubated at 37 ° C for 24-72 hours. Bacterial inhibition zone test is measured by measuring the clear areas around sinks.

Results: Through the Kruskal Wallis test showed p=0.000 which proves that there are significant differences in the data. Mann Whitney test obtained from the comparison between tetracycline with distilled water and mangosteen peel extracts in differentdilutions havesignificant differences with p<0.05.

Discussion: The conclution that mangosteen peel extract has no antibacterial activity. The data are consistent with the results of experiments that showed no inhibition zone formation at a given order of mangosteen peel extracts."