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"A manual that is designed to support the diagnosis and management of oral soft tissue diseases for busy dental practitioners. It depicts lesions with one or more color photographs that illustrate typical clinical features. It includes recommendations for patient management, sample prescriptions, and monographs for drugs commonly used in treatment."

"Kesalahan kognisi dan metakognisi dalam proses penalaran klinis adalah faktor yang paling berperan pada terjadinya kesalahan diagnosis. Lesi jaringan lunak mulut merupakan lesi yang sulit dideteksi maupun didiagnosis dibandingkan dengan lesi karies. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan intervensi yang paling efektif dalam meningkatkan akurasi deteksi dan diagnosis lesi jaringan lunak mulut. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ekperimental pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia. Tahap persiapan adalah adaptasi lintas budaya dan pengembangan berbagai instrumen untuk mengukur faktor – faktor yang berperan pada penalaran klinis. Tahap Intervensi adalah mengukur akurasi deteksi dan diagnosis lesi jaringan lunak mulut sebelum dan sesudah intervensi penalaran reflektif dan pendekatan algoritme. Hasil: 44 mahasiswa, didominasi oleh mahasiswi semester satu. Validitas dan reliabilitas DTI dipertanyakan (Cronbach’s alpha 0,632) dan SMQ-II sangat baik (Cronbach’s alpha 0,923). Skor DTI subjek < 150 (75%). Motivasi subjek untuk belajar ilmu penyakit mulut termasuk tinggi (64.8±12.1) terutama pada domain motivasi karir. Faktor afektif subjek berada pada kategori positif. Kesalahan proses diagnosis yang sering terjadi adalah inakurasi bagian kritis dari riwayat penyakit (47.7%). Terdapat penurunan selisih akurasi deteksi dan diagnosis lesi jaringan lunak mulut antara ekaminator dan mahasiswa pada seluruh intervensi. Intervensi pendekatan algoritme meningkatkan sensitivitas akurasi deteksi (40%) dan diagnosis (55.84%) diagnosis utama (n=252 diagnosis).

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Cognitive and metacognitive error in clinical reasoning was the most important factors regarding diagnostic error. Oral soft tissue lesion was considered as hard to detect/diagnose compared to carious lesion. The objectives of this study are to determine interventions which most effective in increasing the oral soft tissue lesion detection and diagnosis. Method: Experimental study on Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Indonesia student. The preparation phase comprises cross cultural adaptation and instrument development. The intervention phase measure oral soft tissue lesion detection and diagnosis before and after the reflective reasoning and diagnostic algorithm approach. Result: 44 subjects mostly the first semester dentist profession program female student. Validity and reliability of DTI was questionable (Cronbach’s alpha 0,632) while SMQ-II was excellent (Cronbach’s alpha 0,923). DTI score was < 150 (75%). Subjects’ motivation in learning oral medicine was high (64.8±12.1) particullary on career domain. The diagnostic process error mostly on Inaccurate/misinterpreted critical piece of history data (47.7%). There was a reduction on the difference amount of oral soft tissue lesion detection and diagnosis accuracy between examinator and student on all intervention. However, the diagnostic algorithm approach increasing the oral soft tissue lesion detection (40%) and diagnosis (55.84%) of the adjuvant diagnosis (n= 252 diagnosis)"

"This book brings about important research in the field of oral cancer realting to its prognosis and treatment. Oral cancer is a crucial public health problem on a global scale."

"Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a rather common oral disease, mainly affecting adults, occurring more often in women than in men. The etiopathogenesis is still unclear. The diagnosis may be cumbersome, even in the presence of a biopsy. In addition, there are several lesions that may resemble lichen planus (lichenoid lesions) both clinicallyand histopathologically. Treatment of OLP can only be symptomatic and usually consists of topical application of corticosteroids. The disease is characterized by remissions and exacerbations and may persist in some patients lifelong. There is an ongoing debate in the literature as whether OLP is a potentially malignant disease. Because of this uncertainty, annual follow-up is advised."