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"[ABSTRAKFenomena yang dihadapi masyarakat Indonesia pada akhir tahun 2014adalah kenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak jenis Premium akibat pemotongansubsidi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti adanya pengaruh tingkat hargaPremium terhadap perilaku berpindah merek dari produk subsidi ke produk Nonsubsidi.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan 142responden yang merupakan konsumen bahan bakar minyak jenis Premium dalamkurun waktu tiga bulan terakhir dari pengambilan data.Instrumen penelitian inimenggunakan kuesioner.Metode pengolahan data menggunakan analisisdiskriminan dengan menggunakan SPSS 20.0.Hasil penelitian menunjukanterdapat pengaruh tingkat harga bahan bakar minyak jenisPremium terhadapperilaku berpindah merek konsumen Premium.Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkanpengaruh etnosentrisme terhadap keputusan berpindah ke Pertamax atau pindahke Non-Pertamina.Hasil penelitian menyarankan kepada Pertamina untuksenantiasa mengevaluasi kebijakan harga bahan bakar minyak jenis Premium danmemberikan pendekatan pesan yang berbeda bagi konsumen dengan tingkatkecenderungan etnosentrisme yang berbeda;

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ABSTRACTDuring the end of 2014, Indonesian consumer is facing an increase in thesubsidized fuel ("Premium") price due to the government policy to cut fuelsubsidy. This research will focus on the effect of subsidized fuel price leveltowards the respondent's switching behaviour to non-subsidized fuel ("Pertamax"or "Non-Pertamina").This research is a descriptive research with 142respondentwhom has been using "Premium" fuel in the last three months (february-may).The instrument used is a questionnaire and the data is analyzed usingdiscriminant analysis in SPSS 20.0. Result shows that there is an effect ofsubsidized fuel pricelevel and ethnocentrism toward consumer's switchingbehaviour and decision. This findings suggest that Pertamina should evaluate the"Premium"'s pricepolicy and to give a different approach in messaging theconsumer based on their ethnocentricism tendency.;During the end of 2014, Indonesian consumer is facing an increase in thesubsidized fuel ("Premium") price due to the government policy to cut fuelsubsidy. This research will focus on the effect of subsidized fuel price leveltowards the respondent's switching behaviour to non-subsidized fuel ("Pertamax"or "Non-Pertamina").This research is a descriptive research with 142respondentwhom has been using "Premium" fuel in the last three months (february-may).The instrument used is a questionnaire and the data is analyzed usingdiscriminant analysis in SPSS 20.0. Result shows that there is an effect ofsubsidized fuel pricelevel and ethnocentrism toward consumer's switchingbehaviour and decision. This findings suggest that Pertamina should evaluate the"Premium"'s pricepolicy and to give a different approach in messaging theconsumer based on their ethnocentricism tendency.;During the end of 2014, Indonesian consumer is facing an increase in thesubsidized fuel ("Premium") price due to the government policy to cut fuelsubsidy. This research will focus on the effect of subsidized fuel price leveltowards the respondent's switching behaviour to non-subsidized fuel ("Pertamax"or "Non-Pertamina").This research is a descriptive research with 142respondentwhom has been using "Premium" fuel in the last three months (february-may).The instrument used is a questionnaire and the data is analyzed usingdiscriminant analysis in SPSS 20.0. Result shows that there is an effect ofsubsidized fuel pricelevel and ethnocentrism toward consumer's switchingbehaviour and decision. This findings suggest that Pertamina should evaluate the"Premium"'s pricepolicy and to give a different approach in messaging theconsumer based on their ethnocentricism tendency.;During the end of 2014, Indonesian consumer is facing an increase in thesubsidized fuel ("Premium") price due to the government policy to cut fuelsubsidy. This research will focus on the effect of subsidized fuel price leveltowards the respondent's switching behaviour to non-subsidized fuel ("Pertamax"or "Non-Pertamina").This research is a descriptive research with 142respondentwhom has been using "Premium" fuel in the last three months (february-may).The instrument used is a questionnaire and the data is analyzed usingdiscriminant analysis in SPSS 20.0. Result shows that there is an effect ofsubsidized fuel pricelevel and ethnocentrism toward consumer's switchingbehaviour and decision. This findings suggest that Pertamina should evaluate the"Premium"'s pricepolicy and to give a different approach in messaging theconsumer based on their ethnocentricism tendency., During the end of 2014, Indonesian consumer is facing an increase in thesubsidized fuel ("Premium") price due to the government policy to cut fuelsubsidy. This research will focus on the effect of subsidized fuel price leveltowards the respondent's switching behaviour to non-subsidized fuel ("Pertamax"or "Non-Pertamina").This research is a descriptive research with 142respondentwhom has been using "Premium" fuel in the last three months (february-may).The instrument used is a questionnaire and the data is analyzed usingdiscriminant analysis in SPSS 20.0. Result shows that there is an effect ofsubsidized fuel pricelevel and ethnocentrism toward consumer's switchingbehaviour and decision. This findings suggest that Pertamina should evaluate the"Premium"'s pricepolicy and to give a different approach in messaging theconsumer based on their ethnocentricism tendency.]"

"Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menguji pengaruh etnosentrisme konsumen pada sikap eksplisit dan implisit konsumen terhadap merek dalam dan luar negeri, serta menguji peran social desirability bias sebagai moderator dalam pengaruh tersebut. Etnosentrisme konsumen diukur menggunakan instrumen Consumer Ethnocentrism Tendency Scale (CETSCALE). Sikap eksplisit diukur menggunakan instrumen skala semantik diferensial, sedangkan sikap implisit diukur menggunakan instrumen Implicit Association Test (IAT). Sementara social desirability bias diukur menggunakan instrumen Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (M-C SDS). Sebanyak 104 mahasiswa berusia 17-24 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Berdasarkan analisis pengaruh menggunakan simple regression analysis, ditemukan bahwa etnosentrisme konsumen berpengaruh secara signifikan pada sikap eksplisit terhadap merek dalam negeri (β = 0,234, p < 0,05) dan juga pada sikap implisit (β = -0,267, p < 0,05), namun tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada sikap eksplisit terhadap merek luar negeri (β = 0,120, p > 0,05). Sementara social desirability bias tidak signifikan berperan sebagai moderator dalam pengaruh-pengaruh tersebut (R2 = 0,015; p > 0,05). Maka dari itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa etnosentrisme konsumen memang berpengaruh terhadap sikap konsumen terhadap merek dalam negeri, namun hal tersebut tidak selalu berarti bahwa konsumen menolak merek luar negeri.

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This study was designed to examine the effect of consumer ethnocentrism to consumer's explicit and implicit attitude toward local and global brands, and also to test the role of social desirability bias as moderator. Consumer ethnocentrism was measured by Consumer Ethnocentrism Tendency Scale (CETSCALE). Explicit attitude was measured by semantic differential scale, and implicit attitude was measured by Implicit Association Test (IAT). Meanwhile, social desirability bias was measured by Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (M-C SDS). There were 104 students aged 17 to 24 years old participated in this study. Based on the effect analysis using simple regression, consumer ethnocentrism was found significantly affect consumer's explicit attitude toward local brand (β = 0,234, p < 0,05) and also consumer's implicit attitude (β = -0,267, p < 0,05), but it didn't significantly affect consumer's explicit attitude toward global brand (β = 0,120, p > 0,05). Meanwhile, the role of social desirability bias as moderator was not found significant (R2 = 0,015; p > 0,05). Therefore, it could be concluded that consumer ethnocentrism did affect consumer's attitude toward local brand, but it didn't necessarily mean that the consumer reject global brand."

"Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melihat dampak harga bahan bakar minyak (BBM) terhadap biaya transportasi di desa-desa di wilayah kepulauan kecil dan wilayah terluar dengan mengambil kasus kebijakan BBM satu harga periode tahun 2017-2019. Kebijakan ini memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan harga jual yang sama terhadap premium dan solar di seluruh Indonesia sehingga masyarakat tidak terbebani dengan biaya transportasi. Menggunakan pendekatan difference-in-differences (DID), penelitian ini menganalisis dampak penerapan kebijakan BBM satu harga terhadap biaya transportasi di 170 desa. Biaya transportasi digambarkan dengan biaya transportasi per kilometer menuju pusat pemerintahan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan BBM Satu Harga dapat menurunkan biaya transportasi secara signifikan di wilayah terluar, namun belum dapat menurunkan biaya transportasi di wilayah kepulauan kecil. Setelah kebijakan BBM satu harga, biaya transportasi dari kantor kepala desa/kelurahan menuju ke kantor camat di desa dengan SPBU BBM satu harga di wilayah terluar secara signifikan lebih rendah sebesar Rp10.140 per kilometer jika dibandingkan dengan desa tanpa SPBU BBM satu harga, sementara di wilayah kepulauan kecil tidak secara signifikan lebih rendah sebesar Rp11.980 per kilometer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan berbasis harga dapat menurunkan biaya transportasi di wilayah terluar, namun perlu mempertimbangkan kondisi geografis wilayah dalam penentuan lokasi penyalur BBM Satu Harga.

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This study tries to see the impact of fuel oil (BBM) prices on transportation costs in villages in small islands and outermost regions by taking the case of the one price fuel policy for the 2017-2019 period. This policy aims to provide the same selling price for premium and diesel throughout Indonesia so that people are not burdened with transportation costs. Using the difference-in-differences (DID) approach, this study analyzes the impact of one price fuel policy implementation on transportation costs in 170 villages. Transportation costs are described by transportation costs per kilometer to the center of government. The results show that the one price fuel policy can significantly reduce transportation costs in the outermost regions, but has not been able to reduce transportation costs in small island regions. After the one price fuel policy, the transportation cost from the village head's office to the sub-district head's office in villages with one price fuel gas stations in the outer regions is significantly lower at IDR 10,140 per kilometer compared to villages without one price fuel gas stations, while in the small islands it is not significantly lower at IDR 11,980 per kilometer. The results of this study indicate that price-based policies can reduce transportation costs in the outermost regions, but it is necessary to consider the geographical conditions of the region in determining the location of one price fuel distributors."

"Salah satu kegiatan yang menjadi tren selama pandemi COVID-19 adalah online buying. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui variabel-variabel yang memengaruhi sikap online buying, menganalisis profil sikap online buying mahasiswa aktif Universitas Indonesia dan peran variabel demografi sebagai variabel moderator. Variabel-variabel yang akan dianalisis adalah sikap online buying, emotional well-being, social health, physical health well-being, subjective well-being, keadaan finansial, etnosentrisme konsumen, umur, jenis kelamin, tempat tinggal selama pandemi COVID-19, pendidikan terakhir ibu, pendidikan terakhir ayah, pekerjaan ibu, pekerjaan ayah, asal SMA dan asal fakultas. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis Partial Least Square, Classification and Regression Tree dan Multi-Group Analysis. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer yaitu 1500 mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia angkatan 2018, 2019, 2020 dan 2021 yang aktif pada tahun akademik 2021/2022 semester genap. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah variabel laten emotional, physical health, subjective well-being, social health dan etnosentrisme konsumen memengaruhi sikap online buying. Profil mahasiswa sikap online buying tidak terencana adalah subjective well-being tinggi, etnosentrisme dan social health rendah. Profil mahasiswa sikap online buying terencana adalah etnosentrisme dan physical health well-being tinggi. Variabel demografi umur, tempat tinggal selama pandemi COVID-19, pendidikan terakhir ibu, pendidikan terakhir ayah, pekerjaan ibu, pekerjaan ayah, asal SMA dan asal fakultas menjadi variabel moderator.

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One of the activities that has become a trend during COVID-19 pandemic is online buying. The purpose of this study is to determine the variables that influence the online buying behavior, analyze the profile of online buying behaviour of active students at the Universitas Indonesia and the role of demographic variables as moderator variables. The analyzed variables are online buying behavior, emotional well-being, social health, physical health well-being, subjective well-being, financial condition, consumer ethnocentrism, age, gender, place of residence during the COVID-19 pandemic, mother's last education, father's last education, mother's occupation, father's occupation, high school origin and faculty origin. This study uses Partial Least Square, Classification and Regression Tree and Multi-Group Analysis. The data used is a primary data with 1500 students of Universitas Indonesia batch 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 who are active in even semester 2021/2022 academic year. The results of this study are emotional well-being, physical health, subjective well-being, social health and consumer ethnocentrism affect online buying behavior. The profiles of students with unplanned online buying behavior are high subjective well-being, low ethnocentrism and social health. The profiles of students with planned online buying behavior are students with high ethnocentrism and physical health well-being. Demographic variables of age, place of residence during the COVID-19 pandemic, mother's last education, father's last education, mother's occupation, father's occupation, high school origin and faculty origin became moderating variables."

"Studi ini menganalisis secara empiris mengenai pengaruh harga bahan bakar minyak terhadap tingkat inflasi di Indonesia periode 1990-2007. Tujuannya adalah untuk melihat apakah peningkatan harga bahan bakar minyak berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat inflasi di Indonesia. Selain harga bahan bakar minyak penelitian ini juga mengkaji variabel-variabel lain seperti nilai uikar dan tingkat upah serta kebijakan BBM yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah apakah mempunyai pengaruh yang positif terhadap tingkat inflasi.Data penelitian diperoleh dari berbagai sumber yaitu : International Financial Statistic, Bank Indonesia, Badan Pusat Statistisk dan Pertamina. Pengujian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model OLS. Untuk melakukan estimasi diawali dengan serangkaian prosedur diataranya adalah uji signifikansi dan uji asumsi klasik.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan sesuai dengan hipotesa dan teori-teori didapatkan bahwa harga bahan bakar minyak mempunyai pengaruh yang positif terhadap tingkat inflasi begitu juga dengan variabel-variabel lain seperti nilai tukar, tingkat upah, inflasi periode sebelumnya dan kebijakan BBM oleh pemerintah.

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This study empirically analyzes the effects of the oil price on inflation in Indonesia period of 1990-2007. The aim is to see whether the increasing of oil price has a positive control to inflation in Indonesia. Besides the oil price, different variables, such as: exchange rate, wage, and govemment policy in oil also discussed, whether they have a positive control on inflation or not.

The data for this study obtained from different kind of source: International Financial statistic. Bank Indonesia, Badan Pusat statistik, and Pertamina. This study uses OLS model for the examination. The estimation is started by doing some procedurcs; some of them aie significant test and classical assumption test.

Results of this study determine that oil price has a positive control on inflation, and it is relevant with the hypothesis and theories. Moreover, different variables such as, rate exchange, wage, previous period of inflation and govemment policy in oil also have positive control on inflation."

"Sejak pemerintah memberlakukan kebijakan subsidi tetap untuk bahan bakar minyak (BBM) jenis solar, harga eceran solar bergerak secara cepat dan fluktuatif. Peraturan Presiden No.191 tahun 2014 tentang Penyediaan, Pendistribusian dan Harga Jual Eceran BBM telah memberi kewenangan kepada Menteri ESDM untuk menetapkan harga dasar dan harga jual eceran BBM, sehingga hampir sebulan sekali terjadi perubahan harga eceran solar. Tujuan tesis ini adalah untuk menganalisis dampak kebijakan subsidi tetap harga BBM jenis solar terhadap perubahan harga sembako di Indonesia, dan menganalisis terjadinya transmisi harga antara harga solar dan harga sembako. Berdasarkan pengujian dengan pendekatan teori Asymmetric Vertical Price Transmission dan model Error Correction (ECM), didapatkan bahwa hubungan antara harga solar dan harga sembako bersifat tidak simetris, yaitu ketika harga solar naik, maka harga telur, beras dan daging ayam naik, namun ketika harga solar turun, harga telur, beras dan daging ayam tidak ikut turun. Harga telur, beras dan daging ayam terkoreksi kembali kepada keseimbangan jangka panjangnya dalam jangka waktu 2 sampai 4 bulan. Sedangkan untuk komoditi jenis gula, susu, minyak goreng dan daging sapi, pergerakan harga keempat komoditi tersebut tidak memiliki hubungan kointegrasi dengan harga solar. Faktor yang menyebabkan transmisi harga tidak simetris ini adalah kekakuan harga jasa transportasi dan perilaku spekulan yang memiliki market power dalam struktur pasar oligopoli, baik dalam rantai supply telur, beras dan daging ayam, dimana pedagang besar memiliki bargaining yang kuat dalam penentuan harga.

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Ever since the government formally issued fixed subsidy policy for diesel fuel, the price of diesel fuel has been very dynamic and volatile. Presidential Decree No.191/2014 has given authority to the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources for setting a basic price and selling price of diesel fuel. By the policy, the retail price of diesel fuel changes every month.

The purposes of this study are (1) to analyze the impact of fixed subsidy policy for diesel fuel on basic commodities price in Indonesia, and (2) to analyze price transmission between diesel fuel price and basic commodities price.

By using theory of asymmetric vertical price transmission and Error Correction Model (ECM), it can be shown that relations between diesel fuel price and basic commodities price is asymmetrical. It means when diesel fuel price increased, the price of eggs, rice and chicken meat increased accordingly, however, when diesel fuel price decreased, the price of egg, rice and chicken meat did not decrease. The price of egg, rice and chicken meat will be corrected to its long-term equilibrium with the diesel price for 2 to 4 months. Meanwhile, the price of other basic commodities such as sugar, milk, cooking oil and beef have not cointegrated with the diesel fuel price.

The asymmetric price transmission between diesel price and some of basic commodities is caused by price rigidity of transportation, and behavior of speculators which have market power in an oligopoly market structure in the supply chain of eggs, rice and chicken meat. In this case, big traders have a strong bargaining power for pricing."

"ABSTRAKBeberapa studi sebelumnya yang menelaah dampak inflasi terhadap likuiditas bank mengindikasikan bahwa pengaruh inflasi terhadap likuiditas bank dapat berbeda bergantung pada sumber ataupun sifat dari inflasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bermaksud menelaah lebih lanjut secara empiris dampak inflasi terhadap likuiditas bank ketika inflasi bersumber dari aggregate supply shock seperti kenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak bersubsidi. Data dalam penelitian ini mendukung hipotesis bahwa inflasi yang dipicu oleh kenaikan harga BBM bersubsidi akan berdampak pada penurunan likuiditas bank. Sebaliknya, inflasi yang tidak dipicu oleh kenaikan harga BBM bersubsidi akan mengarah pada peningkatan likuiditas bank.

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ABSTRACTSeveral prior studies that examined the impact of inflation on bank rsquo s liquidity indicate that the effect of inflation on bank rsquo s liquidity may differ depending on the source or nature of the inflation. This study intends to further examine empirically the impact of inflation on bank rsquo s liquidity when inflation is stemmed from aggregate supply shocks such as increasing subsidized fuel price. The data in this study shows that inflation which stems from the rise in subsidized fuel prices will negatively affects bank rsquo s liquidity. On the other hand, inflation which is not stemed from increasing subsidized fuel price will lead to increase in bank rsquo s liquidity. "

"ABSTRAKTesis ini bertujuan untuk membahas pengaruh brand name, product involvement, dan consumer ethnocentrism terhadap purchase intention. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian eksperimen dengan factorial design 2 (brand name: local vs foreign name) x2 (product involvement: low vs high involvement) x2 (consumer ethnocentrism: low vs high ethnocentrism). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa foreign name memiliki purchase intention yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan local name. Hasil yang sama terjadi ketika foreign name dikombinasikan dengan low-involvement product, sedangkan pada high-involvement product, tidak terdapat perbedaan purchase intention antara penggunaan foreign name dan local name. Ketika foreign name dikombinasikan dengan low ethnocentrism pengaruh foreign name terhadap purchase intention lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan local name, sedangkan pada konsumen dengan high ethnocentrism, pengaruh local name terhadap purchase intention tidak memiliki perbedaan dengan foreign name. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa pada kondisi low involvement dan low ethnocentrism, foreign name memiliki purchase intention yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan local name, sedangkan pada kondisi high involvement dan high ethnocentrism, local name memiliki purchase intention yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan foreign name. Hasil penelitian bermanfaat bagi perusahaan dalam mendesain nama merek yang tepat sesuai dengan tingkat involvement dari produk yang dipasarkan dan juga tingkat ethnocentrisme konsumen.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discussed the effect of brand name, product involvement, and consumer ethnocentrism towards purchase intention. This study used experimental approach with factorial design 2 (brand name: local vs foreign name) x2 (product involvement: low vs high involvement) x2 (consumer ethnocentrism: low vs high ethnocentrism. The results showed that in general, foreign names have higher purchase intention and gave. The same outcome occurred when foreign name were combined with low-involvement products, whereas in high-involvement products, there were no interaction effect between foreign and local name. When foreign name were combined with low ethnocentrism, the effect of foreign name will be higher than local name, while for ethnocentric consumer, the effect of local name toward purchase intention was not significantly different compared with foreign name. This study also showed that in the condition of low involvement and low ethnocentrism, foreign name have higher purchase intention compared to local name. While, in high involvement and high ethnocentrism condition, local name have higher purchase intention compared to foreign name. This study gave managerial implication which beneficial for companies in designing appropriate brand name according to the level of involvement of the product they offer to consumer and level of consumer ethnocentrism."

"Batik sebagai pakaian kasual berasal dari budaya kuat yang menyerupai rasa hormat yang tinggi dari pengguna di masa lalu. perlahan-lahan, budaya bergeser dengan cara yang baik, mempertahankan batik sebagai nilai bangsa dan simbol budaya tinggi. Meskipun perilaku pembelian berulang pada merek batik bersaing dengan barang mode impor bermotif lain di industri. Penting untuk mengakui variabel yang mempengaruhi yang dapat menghasilkan loyalitas perilaku terhadap merek batik.

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Batik as a casual clothing is derived from strong culture that resembles high respect of the user in the past times. slowly, the culture shifted in a good way, sustaining batik as a value of the nation and a symbol of high culture. Although the

behavior of repeat purchase in batik brands is competing with other patterned imported fashion item in the industry. It is important to acknowledge the affecting variables that could generate a behavioral loyalty to a batik brand."