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Annisa Pramesti Putri
Uji kualitas udara indoor dengan parameter mikrobiologi di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Taman Puring, Jakarta Selatan = Assessment of microbial indoor air quality at Muhammadiyah Hospital in Taman Puring South Jakarta / Annisa Pramesti Putri
"ABSTRAK
Kualitas udara mikrobiologi dalam ruangan di rumah sakit perlu diperhatikan terutama pada ruang poliklinik karena di ruang tersebut banyak pengunjung berkumpul dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Dengan demikian, peluang tersebarnya penyakit melalui udara oleh bakteri dan jamur patogen juga tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur di udara pada ruangan di poliklinik, perbedaan konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur antar ruang poliklinik pada hari padat dan sepi pengunjung dan jenis bakteri berdasarkan pewarnaan gram. Sampel kualitas udara mikrobilogis diambil dengan menggunakan EMS E6 dengan menggunakan media TSA (Oxoid, 2011) untuk bakteri dan media MEA (Oxoid, 2011) untuk jamur dan dilakukan secara duplo. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada ruang poliklinik yang berbeda dan waktu yang berbeda dimana hari senin mewakili hari sepi dan sabtu mewakili hari padat pasien/pengunjung. Hasil sampling bakteri dan jamur diuji secara statistik dengan menggunakan statistik nonparametriks Pearson product moment dan two-tailed t-test. Hasil pengukuran sampel menunjukkan konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur telah melebihi baku mutu mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 1204 Tahun 2004 yaitu rata-rata 2.545 ± 9,11 CFU/m3 untuk bakteri dan 306 ± 2,91 CFU/m3 untuk jamur. Konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur paling tinggi terdapat pada ruang Poliklink Umum. Uji statistik Pearson product moment menunjukkan jumlah pengunjung memiliki korelasi yang rendah (r = 0,29) dengan konsentrasi bakteri dan memiliki korelasi sedang (r = 0,45) dengan konsentrasi jamur. Selanjutnya, uji statistik two-tailed t-test menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara jumlah pengunjung dengan konsentrasi mikrobiologi di udara. Identifikasi bakteri dengan pewarnaan gram menunjukkan bahwa 84,2% bakteri yang ditemukan merupakan bakteri gram negatif dan 15,2% gram positif. Bakteri gram negatif berpotensi lebih besar dalam menginfeksi manusia karena memiliki endotoksin. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pemasangan filter HEPA atau ULPA pada sistem ventilasi (AC) untuk menurunkan konsentrasi bakteri dan perbaikan sistem ventilasi agar kelembaban ruangan terjaga antara 30-60% dan suhu ruangan dibawah 25oC sehingga dapat menurunkan konsentrasi jamur.
ABSTRACT
Microbial indoor air quality in hospital has to be considered, especially in the examining and waiting room because many people gathered at the same time. Hence, chances for spreading airborne disease by pathogenic bacteria and fungi are high. The objectives of this study are to find out indoor air bacteria and fungi concentrations at the examining room, the difference of bacteria and fungi concentrations during high and low numbers of visitors, and types of bacteria based on gram staining. Microbial air samples were taken in Duplo by using EMS E6 with TSA (Oxoid, 2011) and MEA (Oxoid, 2011) media for bacteria and fungi, respectively. Samplings were conducted on different examining rooms and days, which Monday and Saturday represented as low and high numbers of visitors, respectively. The sampling results tested statistically by using non-parametric statistical method, Pearson product moment and two-tailed t test. The measurement results showed that indoor air bacteria and fungi concentrations have exceeded the quality standards by Menteri Kesehatan RI No. 1204 in 2004, with the average are 2.545 ± 9.11 CFU/m3 and 306 ± 2.91 CFU/m3 for bacteria and fungi, respectively. The highest concentration of bacteria and fungi is found in examining room for children and general, respectively. Pearson product moment test showed a low correlation (r=0.29) between number of visitors and indoor air bacteria concentration and moderate correlation (r=0.45) between number of visitors and indoor air fungi concentrations. Furthermore, two-tailed t-test results showed that there was no significant relationship between number of visitor and indoor air microbial concentrations. Identification of bacteria with gram staining showed that 84.2% of bacteria found are gram-negative and 15.8% are gram-positive bacteria. The gram-negative bacteria are having greater possibly infected human than gram-positive bacteria because it has endotoxin. Therefore, it is necessary to install HEPA or ULPA filters on ventilation system (air conditioned) and maintain relative humidity between 30-60% and temperature below 25oC in the hospital to reduce indoor air bacteria and fungi concentrations"
2015
S59502
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ana Jauhara
Tingkat serapan karbon dan kandungan klorofil fitoplankton serta analisis sampah dan sedimen di perairan setu, kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok = The level of carbon uptake and phytoplankton chlorophyll content and analysis of trash and sediment in the waters of the Setu, the campus of the University of Indonesia, Depok
"[ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai tingkat serapan karbon dan
kandungan klorofil serta analisis sampah, sedimen, dan volume di lima situ
Kampus UI Depok. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat serapan
karbon dan kandungan klorofil, serta materi organik dalam sampah, sedimen dan
volume di lima situ Kampus UI Depok. Penelitian dilakukan di lima situ Kampus
UI Depok, yaitu Situ Agathis, Situ Mahoni, Situ Puspa, Situ Ulin, dan Situ Salam.
Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Maret--April 2014. Pengukuran
produktivitas primer perairan menggunakan metode botol gelap-terang. Botol
gelap dan botol terang diletakkan pada kedalaman 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70
cm, dan 80 cm. Pengambilan sampel fitoplankton dilakukan menggunakan
plankton net. Pengukuran kandungan klorofil-a dan klorofil-b menggunakan
spektrofotometer dengan panjang gelombang 750, 664, 647 dan 630 nm.
Perangkap sampah organik berupa kain nylon dengan ukuran pori 1 mm2
diletakkan pada inlet dan outlet secara bersamaan di lima situ Kampus UI Depok.
Pengambilan sampel sedimen dilakukan menggunakan Peterson Grab. Sampel
sedimen dianalisis kadar karbon organik dengan metode Walkley-Black. Metode
3D Analyst ArcView 10.1 digunakan untuk menghitung volume situ. Tingkat
serapan karbon di lima situ Kampus UI Depok memiliki potensi menyerap karbon
rata-rata sebesar 48,61 mgC/m3/jam. Kandungan klorofil-a dan klorofil-b di lima
situ Kampus UI Depok rata-rata sebesar 2,59 mg/l dan 0,35 mg/l. Hasil
identifikasi sampel fitoplankton diperoleh empat kelas, yaitu Chlorophyceae,
Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, dan Bacillariophyceae. Kepadatan tertinggi dan
nilai dominansi tertinggi pada sampel fitoplankton di lima situ Kampus UI Depok
terdapat pada kelas Chlorophyceae. Terjadi penumpukan sampah organik sebesar
0,55 gr/m3/jam. Tipe sedimen pasir mendominasi di perairan lima situ Kampus UI
Depok. Kandungn karbon pada sampel sedimen kerikil sebesar 19,75--26,58 ppm,
pasir sebesar 28,47--38,55 ppm, dan lumpur sebesar 36,79--42,05 ppm. Perairan
lima situ di Kampus UI Depok memiliki potensi dalam menampung volume air
sebesar 654.830 m3.
ABSTRACT
Research has conducted about the level of carbon uptake and chlorophyll
content as well as the analysis of trash, sediment, and volume in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. The study aimed to analyze the level of carbon uptake and
chlorophyll content, and organic matter in the litter, sediment and volume in five
lakes at Campus UI Depok. The study was conducted in five lakes at Campus UI
Depok, namely Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam. Sampling was
conducted in March-April 2014. Measurements of primary productivity in the
water using light-dark bottle method. Dark bottle and light bottle placed at a depth
of 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm. Sampling of phytoplankton was
conducted using a plankton net. Measurement of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b
using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm.
Pitfalls of organic waste in the form of nylon fabric with a pore size of 1 mm2
placed at the inlet and outlet simultaneously in five lakes at Campus UI Depok.
Sampling of sediment was conducted using a Peterson Grab. Sediment samples
were analyzed with the organic carbon content of the Walkley-Black method. 3D
Analyst ArcView 10.1 method used to calculate the volume of the lakes. The rate
of carbon uptake in five UI Depok it has the potential to absorb carbon by an
average of 48.61 mgC/m3/hour. The content of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok was average of 2.59 mg/l and 0.35 mg/l. The
results of the identification of phytoplankton samples obtained four classes,
namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae.
The highest density and highest dominance values in samples of phytoplankton in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok contained in the class Chlorophyceae. Build up of
organic waste by 0.55 gr/m3/hour. Sand sediment types dominate in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. Carbon content in sediment samples gravel at 19.75 to 26.58
ppm, the sand at 28.47 to 38.55 ppm, and the mud of 36.79 to 42.05 ppm. The five
lakes at Campus UI Depok has the potential to accommodate the volume of
waters at 654.830 m3.;Research has conducted about the level of carbon uptake and chlorophyll
content as well as the analysis of trash, sediment, and volume in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. The study aimed to analyze the level of carbon uptake and
chlorophyll content, and organic matter in the litter, sediment and volume in five
lakes at Campus UI Depok. The study was conducted in five lakes at Campus UI
Depok, namely Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam. Sampling was
conducted in March-April 2014. Measurements of primary productivity in the
water using light-dark bottle method. Dark bottle and light bottle placed at a depth
of 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm. Sampling of phytoplankton was
conducted using a plankton net. Measurement of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b
using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm.
Pitfalls of organic waste in the form of nylon fabric with a pore size of 1 mm2
placed at the inlet and outlet simultaneously in five lakes at Campus UI Depok.
Sampling of sediment was conducted using a Peterson Grab. Sediment samples
were analyzed with the organic carbon content of the Walkley-Black method. 3D
Analyst ArcView 10.1 method used to calculate the volume of the lakes. The rate
of carbon uptake in five UI Depok it has the potential to absorb carbon by an
average of 48.61 mgC/m3/hour. The content of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok was average of 2.59 mg/l and 0.35 mg/l. The
results of the identification of phytoplankton samples obtained four classes,
namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae.
The highest density and highest dominance values in samples of phytoplankton in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok contained in the class Chlorophyceae. Build up of
organic waste by 0.55 gr/m3/hour. Sand sediment types dominate in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. Carbon content in sediment samples gravel at 19.75 to 26.58
ppm, the sand at 28.47 to 38.55 ppm, and the mud of 36.79 to 42.05 ppm. The five
lakes at Campus UI Depok has the potential to accommodate the volume of
waters at 654.830 m3.;Research has conducted about the level of carbon uptake and chlorophyll
content as well as the analysis of trash, sediment, and volume in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. The study aimed to analyze the level of carbon uptake and
chlorophyll content, and organic matter in the litter, sediment and volume in five
lakes at Campus UI Depok. The study was conducted in five lakes at Campus UI
Depok, namely Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam. Sampling was
conducted in March-April 2014. Measurements of primary productivity in the
water using light-dark bottle method. Dark bottle and light bottle placed at a depth
of 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm. Sampling of phytoplankton was
conducted using a plankton net. Measurement of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b
using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm.
Pitfalls of organic waste in the form of nylon fabric with a pore size of 1 mm2
placed at the inlet and outlet simultaneously in five lakes at Campus UI Depok.
Sampling of sediment was conducted using a Peterson Grab. Sediment samples
were analyzed with the organic carbon content of the Walkley-Black method. 3D
Analyst ArcView 10.1 method used to calculate the volume of the lakes. The rate
of carbon uptake in five UI Depok it has the potential to absorb carbon by an
average of 48.61 mgC/m3/hour. The content of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok was average of 2.59 mg/l and 0.35 mg/l. The
results of the identification of phytoplankton samples obtained four classes,
namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae.
The highest density and highest dominance values in samples of phytoplankton in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok contained in the class Chlorophyceae. Build up of
organic waste by 0.55 gr/m3/hour. Sand sediment types dominate in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. Carbon content in sediment samples gravel at 19.75 to 26.58
ppm, the sand at 28.47 to 38.55 ppm, and the mud of 36.79 to 42.05 ppm. The five
lakes at Campus UI Depok has the potential to accommodate the volume of
waters at 654.830 m3.;Research has conducted about the level of carbon uptake and chlorophyll
content as well as the analysis of trash, sediment, and volume in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. The study aimed to analyze the level of carbon uptake and
chlorophyll content, and organic matter in the litter, sediment and volume in five
lakes at Campus UI Depok. The study was conducted in five lakes at Campus UI
Depok, namely Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam. Sampling was
conducted in March-April 2014. Measurements of primary productivity in the
water using light-dark bottle method. Dark bottle and light bottle placed at a depth
of 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm. Sampling of phytoplankton was
conducted using a plankton net. Measurement of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b
using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm.
Pitfalls of organic waste in the form of nylon fabric with a pore size of 1 mm2
placed at the inlet and outlet simultaneously in five lakes at Campus UI Depok.
Sampling of sediment was conducted using a Peterson Grab. Sediment samples
were analyzed with the organic carbon content of the Walkley-Black method. 3D
Analyst ArcView 10.1 method used to calculate the volume of the lakes. The rate
of carbon uptake in five UI Depok it has the potential to absorb carbon by an
average of 48.61 mgC/m3/hour. The content of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok was average of 2.59 mg/l and 0.35 mg/l. The
results of the identification of phytoplankton samples obtained four classes,
namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae.
The highest density and highest dominance values in samples of phytoplankton in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok contained in the class Chlorophyceae. Build up of
organic waste by 0.55 gr/m3/hour. Sand sediment types dominate in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. Carbon content in sediment samples gravel at 19.75 to 26.58
ppm, the sand at 28.47 to 38.55 ppm, and the mud of 36.79 to 42.05 ppm. The five
lakes at Campus UI Depok has the potential to accommodate the volume of
waters at 654.830 m3.;Research has conducted about the level of carbon uptake and chlorophyll
content as well as the analysis of trash, sediment, and volume in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. The study aimed to analyze the level of carbon uptake and
chlorophyll content, and organic matter in the litter, sediment and volume in five
lakes at Campus UI Depok. The study was conducted in five lakes at Campus UI
Depok, namely Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam. Sampling was
conducted in March-April 2014. Measurements of primary productivity in the
water using light-dark bottle method. Dark bottle and light bottle placed at a depth
of 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm. Sampling of phytoplankton was
conducted using a plankton net. Measurement of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b
using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm.
Pitfalls of organic waste in the form of nylon fabric with a pore size of 1 mm2
placed at the inlet and outlet simultaneously in five lakes at Campus UI Depok.
Sampling of sediment was conducted using a Peterson Grab. Sediment samples
were analyzed with the organic carbon content of the Walkley-Black method. 3D
Analyst ArcView 10.1 method used to calculate the volume of the lakes. The rate
of carbon uptake in five UI Depok it has the potential to absorb carbon by an
average of 48.61 mgC/m3/hour. The content of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok was average of 2.59 mg/l and 0.35 mg/l. The
results of the identification of phytoplankton samples obtained four classes,
namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae.
The highest density and highest dominance values in samples of phytoplankton in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok contained in the class Chlorophyceae. Build up of
organic waste by 0.55 gr/m3/hour. Sand sediment types dominate in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. Carbon content in sediment samples gravel at 19.75 to 26.58
ppm, the sand at 28.47 to 38.55 ppm, and the mud of 36.79 to 42.05 ppm. The five
lakes at Campus UI Depok has the potential to accommodate the volume of
waters at 654.830 m3.;Research has conducted about the level of carbon uptake and chlorophyll
content as well as the analysis of trash, sediment, and volume in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. The study aimed to analyze the level of carbon uptake and
chlorophyll content, and organic matter in the litter, sediment and volume in five
lakes at Campus UI Depok. The study was conducted in five lakes at Campus UI
Depok, namely Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam. Sampling was
conducted in March-April 2014. Measurements of primary productivity in the
water using light-dark bottle method. Dark bottle and light bottle placed at a depth
of 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm. Sampling of phytoplankton was
conducted using a plankton net. Measurement of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b
using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm.
Pitfalls of organic waste in the form of nylon fabric with a pore size of 1 mm2
placed at the inlet and outlet simultaneously in five lakes at Campus UI Depok.
Sampling of sediment was conducted using a Peterson Grab. Sediment samples
were analyzed with the organic carbon content of the Walkley-Black method. 3D
Analyst ArcView 10.1 method used to calculate the volume of the lakes. The rate
of carbon uptake in five UI Depok it has the potential to absorb carbon by an
average of 48.61 mgC/m3/hour. The content of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok was average of 2.59 mg/l and 0.35 mg/l. The
results of the identification of phytoplankton samples obtained four classes,
namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae.
The highest density and highest dominance values in samples of phytoplankton in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok contained in the class Chlorophyceae. Build up of
organic waste by 0.55 gr/m3/hour. Sand sediment types dominate in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. Carbon content in sediment samples gravel at 19.75 to 26.58
ppm, the sand at 28.47 to 38.55 ppm, and the mud of 36.79 to 42.05 ppm. The five
lakes at Campus UI Depok has the potential to accommodate the volume of
waters at 654.830 m3., Research has conducted about the level of carbon uptake and chlorophyll
content as well as the analysis of trash, sediment, and volume in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. The study aimed to analyze the level of carbon uptake and
chlorophyll content, and organic matter in the litter, sediment and volume in five
lakes at Campus UI Depok. The study was conducted in five lakes at Campus UI
Depok, namely Agathis, Mahoni, Puspa, Ulin, and Salam. Sampling was
conducted in March-April 2014. Measurements of primary productivity in the
water using light-dark bottle method. Dark bottle and light bottle placed at a depth
of 0 cm, 10 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm, 70 cm, and 80 cm. Sampling of phytoplankton was
conducted using a plankton net. Measurement of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b
using a spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 750, 664, 647 and 630 nm.
Pitfalls of organic waste in the form of nylon fabric with a pore size of 1 mm2
placed at the inlet and outlet simultaneously in five lakes at Campus UI Depok.
Sampling of sediment was conducted using a Peterson Grab. Sediment samples
were analyzed with the organic carbon content of the Walkley-Black method. 3D
Analyst ArcView 10.1 method used to calculate the volume of the lakes. The rate
of carbon uptake in five UI Depok it has the potential to absorb carbon by an
average of 48.61 mgC/m3/hour. The content of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok was average of 2.59 mg/l and 0.35 mg/l. The
results of the identification of phytoplankton samples obtained four classes,
namely Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, and Bacillariophyceae.
The highest density and highest dominance values in samples of phytoplankton in
five lakes at Campus UI Depok contained in the class Chlorophyceae. Build up of
organic waste by 0.55 gr/m3/hour. Sand sediment types dominate in five lakes at
Campus UI Depok. Carbon content in sediment samples gravel at 19.75 to 26.58
ppm, the sand at 28.47 to 38.55 ppm, and the mud of 36.79 to 42.05 ppm. The five
lakes at Campus UI Depok has the potential to accommodate the volume of
waters at 654.830 m3.]"
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 2014
T42829
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Muhammad Farras Hadyan
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Mutu Rekam Medis Rawat Inap di RS Muhammadiyah Taman Puring Jakarta Selatan Tahun 2022 = Analysis of Factors Related to Quality Inpatient Medical Record at Muhammadiyah Taman Puring Hospital, South Jakarta in Year 2022
"Pelayanan rekam medis rawat inap merupakan salah satu aspek penilaian mutu yang tercermin dalam kualitas dokumen rekam medis  dan pengelolaannya di bagian unit rekam medis. Terdapat empat indikator sasaran mutu rekam medis yang harus dipenuhi dalam pelayanan yaitu kelengkapan, keakuratan, ketepatan waktu pengembalian, dan pemenuhan persyaratan hukum. Hasil evaluasi bulanan URM RS Muhammadiyah Taman Puring (RSMTP) menunjukan persentase kelengkapan resume medis pada Bulan November 2021 yang masih rendah (32,10%). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan mutu rekam medis pasien rawat inap di RSMTP Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang menggunakan kerangka analisis sistem input-process-output. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan profesional pemberi asuhan dan pihak yang terlibat dalam fungsi pengelolaan dan pengawasan rekam medis, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah rekam medis rawat inap Bulan Mei 2022 sebanyak 103 sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan output berupa persentase rekam medis yang bermutu baik adalah sebesar 33%. Terkait dengan hasil tersebut, terdapat beberapa kendala pada komponen input dan process seperti kurangnya ketersediaan SDM rekam medis yang sesuai kompetensinya, belum tersosialisasinya SOP dan kebijakan terkait pengisian rekam medis, alur pendaftaran pasien yang belum tersedia, hingga fungsi pemantauan dan evaluasi yang belum berjalan dengan baik.
Inpatient medical record service is one aspect of quality assessment which is reflected in the quality of medical record documents and their management in the medical record unit. There are four indicators of the quality of medical records, cosist of completeness, accuracy, timeliness of returns, and fulfillment of legal requirements. The results of the monthly MRU evaluation of the Muhammadiyah Taman Puring Hospital (RSMTP) show the percentage of complete medical resumes in November 2021 are still low (32.10%). The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the quality of medical records of inpatients at RSMTP South Jakarta. This study uses a descriptive observational study with qualitative and quantitative approaches that use a system analysis framework. The subjects of this study were professional care provider and parties involved in the function of managing and supervising medical records, while the object of research was inpatient medical records in May 2022 with 103 samples. The results showed that the output in the form of the percentage of good quality medical records was 33%. Related to these results, there are several obstacles in the input and process components such as the lack of availability of medical record human resources according to their competence, the lack of socialization of SOPs and policies related to filling out medical records, the patient registration flow that is not yet available, to the monitoring and evaluation function that still need improvement."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2022
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Andi Deviriyanti Agung
Analisis Hubungan Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Poliklinik Obstetri dan Ginekologi di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Taman Puring = Analysis of the Relationship between Service Quality and Patient Satisfaction in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic at Muhammadiyah Taman Puring Hospital
"Kepuasan pasien adalah indikator penting dalam menilai kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Pasien cenderung menilai kualitas pelayanan berdasarkan pengalaman mereka, termasuk interaksi dengan tenaga medis, kemudahan akses, dan tingkat kenyamanan yang mereka rasakan. Pasien yang merasa puas dengan pelayanan memiliki kemungkinan lebih besar untuk mematuhi pengobatan yang direkomendasikan dan tindakan medis yang diperlukan. Salah satu upaya yang harus dilakukan dalam perbaikan pelayanan publik adalah melakukan survei kepuasan masyarakat kepada pengguna layanan dengan mengukur kepuasan masyarakat pengguna layanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui analisis hubungan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pasien Poliklinik Obstetri dan Ginekologi di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Taman Puring. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan cara potong lintang (cross sectional). Subjek penelitian ini merupakan pasien Poliklinik Obstetri dan Ginekologi di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Taman Puring yang berusia ≥ 18 tahun yang merupakan pasien baru maupun pasien lama, namun bukan merupakan pasien rujukan dari poliklinik lain dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 99 responden yang akan mengisi instrumen penelitian berupa kuisioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan kualitas pelayanan pada dimensi tangible (p value sebanyak 0,000); dimensi empathy (p value sebesar 0,000); dimensi reliability (p value sebesar 0,000); dimensi responsiveness (p value sebesar 0,000); dimensi assurance (p value sebesar 0,000) terhadap kepuasan pasien.
Patient satisfaction is an important indicator in assessing the quality of health services. Patients tend to judge the quality of care based on their experiences, including interactions with medical personnel, ease of access, and the level of comfort they feel. Patients who are satisfied with services are more likely to comply with recommended treatment and necessary medical procedures. One of the efforts that must be made to improve public services is to conduct community satisfaction surveys for service users by measuring the satisfaction of service users. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between service quality and patient satisfaction at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Polyclinic at Muhammadiyah Hospital Taman Puring. This research uses a descriptive observational study with a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional method. The subjects of this research were patients from the obstetrics and gynecology clinic at Muhammadiyah Taman Puring Hospital aged ≥ 18 years who were new or existing patients, but were not referred patients from other polyclinics with a sample size of 99 respondents who would fill out the research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The result shows that there is a relationship between service quality in the dimension of tangible (p value of 0.000); empathy (p value of 0.000); reliability (p value of 0.000); responsiveness (p value of 0.000); assurance (p value of 0.000) on patient satisfaction."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2024
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Keluhan sakit kepala klien post operasi seksio sesar dengan anestesi spinal setelah 24 jam pertama di unit ruang rawat kebidanan RS. Muhammadiyah Taman Puring Jakarta Selatan
"Penelitian dengan judul keluhan sakit kepala klien post operasi seksio sesar
dengan anestesi spinal setelah 24 jam pertama dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk
mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan sakit kepala pada klien dengan anestesi
spinal. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain deskriptif sederhana. Tempat
penelitian di ruang rawat kebidanan rumah sakit Muhammadiyah Taman Puring
Jakarta Selatan dengan responden 30 orang. Instrumen pengumpulan data berupa
kuisioner yang diolah dari vaniabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian didapatkan klien
dengan sakit kepala karena mobilisasi dini dan hidrasi yang kurang berjumlah 20
orang (66,67%), sakit kepala dengan hidrasi yang kurang dari 2500 ml berjumlah 10
orang (33,3%), dan sakit kepala karena mobilisasi dini berjumlah 5 orang (16,67%).
Rekomendasi yang peneliti berikan pada perawat untuk memotivasi ibu post operasi
seksio sesar untuk tidak melakukan mobilisasi sebelum 24 jam dan minum
+ 2500 ml-3000 ml per hari."
Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2002
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Zahra Shabrina Humaira
Analisis Kualitas Udara Mikrobiologis di Gedung dan Laboratorium Departemen Teknik Sipil FTUI = Microbiological Indoor Air Quality Analysis in the Building and Laboratory of Civil Engineering Department (Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia)
"Kualitas udara di dalam ruangan perlu diperhatikan karena banyak pekerjaan yang dilakukan di dalam ruangan dan kualitas udara yang buruk akan memicu adanya penyakit dan menurunkan kinerja pekerja. Penelitian dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas udara di dalam ruangan yang ditinjau berdasarkan konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur yang terdapat pada ruang uji coba. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur, menganalisis air purifier dan sistem ventilasi terhadap kualitas udara, dan menganalisis korelasi antara konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur dengan suhu ruangan, kelembapan, dan intensitas cahaya di ruang uji coba. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mengambil sampel udara dengan metode impaction menggunakan alat EMS E6 Bioaerosol Sampler selama 3 menit di pagi hari dan siang hari pada masing-masing ruang uji coba dengan debit pompa sebesar 28,3 L/menit. Pengambilan sampel pada konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur menggunakan media pertumbuhan Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) untuk bakteri yang diinkubasi selama 24 jam dan Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) untuk jamur yang diinkubasi selama 48 jam. Ruang uji coba memiliki jenis ruangan yang berbeda, yaitu ruang rapat, laboratorium, dan mushola. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi bakteri tertinggi yaitu ruang Mushola Dosen sebesar 1943 CFU/m3 dan terendah yaitu ruang tengah lantai 1 sebesar 71 CFU/m3. Konsentrasi jamur tertinggi yaitu ruang Mushola Dosen sebesar 883 CFU/m3 dan terendah yaitu 188 CFU/m3. Parameter pendukung lain yaitu suhu ruangan (24,3–30,5?) sudah memenuhi kriteria yang telah ditetapkan Permenaker Nomor 5 Tahun 2018, terdapat beberapa ruangan yang tidak memenuhi kelembapan (54,6–82,6%) dan intensitas cahaya untuk tiap ruangan (5,3–261 Lux) telah sesuai dengan kriteria masing-masing jenis ruang kerja. Uji korelasi yang dilakukan yaitu Uji Spearman yang menunjukkan bahwa data tidak terdistribusi normal. Terdapat korelasi positif antara pertumbuhan bakteri dengan suhu ruangan dan intensitas cahaya serta jamur dengan kelembapan. Korelasi negatif didapatkan pada pertumbuhan bakteri dengan kelembapan dan jamur dengan intensitas cahaya.
Indoor air quality needs to be taken into consideration because many tasks are performed indoors, and poor air quality can lead to illness and decrease workers' performance. The research was conducted to improve indoor air quality based on the concentration of bacteria and fungi present in the test rooms. The objectives of this study were to analyze the influence of bacteria and fungi concentrations, assess the effectiveness of air purifiers and ventilation systems on air quality, and examine the correlation between bacteria and fungi concentrations with room temperature, humidity, and light intensity in the test rooms. The research was conducted by sampling air using the impaction method with an EMS E6 Bioaerosol Sampler for 3 minutes in the morning and afternoon in each test room, with a pump flow rate of 28.3 L/minute. Bacterial and fungal samples were collected using Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) growth medium for bacteria, which were incubated for 24 hours, and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) for fungi, which were incubated for 48 hours. The test rooms consisted of different types of rooms, including meeting rooms, laboratories, and prayer rooms. The results of the study showed that the highest concentration of bacteria was found in the Lecturers' Prayer Room at 1943 CFU/m3, while the lowest was in the central room on the first floor at 71 CFU/m3. The highest concentration of fungi was found in the Lecturers' Prayer Room at 883 CFU/m3, while the lowest was at 188 CFU/m3. Other supporting parameters such as room temperature (24.3–30.5°C) met the criteria set by the Ministry of Manpower Regulation No. 5 of 2018. However, some rooms did not meet the humidity requirements (54.6–82.6%), and the light intensity in each room (5.3–261 Lux) complied with the respective workspace criteria. The correlation analysis, using Spearman’s test, indicated that the data was not normally distributed. There was a positive correlation between bacterial growth with room temperature and light intensity, and between fungal growth with humidity. Negative correlations were observed between bacterial growth with humidity and fungal growth with light intensity."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2023
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Nabila Naura Vathania
Kualitas bakteri udara di ruang operasi di beberapa rumah sakit di Jakarta dan sekitarnya tahun 2018-2019 = Quality of air bacteria in operating room in several hospitals in Jakarta and the greater area of Jakarta in 2018-2019
"ABSTRAK
Infeksi nosokomial dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pasien, terutama di ruang operasi dan ICU, di mana terdapat aktivitas yang tinggi. Perlu adanya pemantauan dan penjagaan kualitas udara secara bakteriologi sebagai cerminan dari kondisi kebersihan di rumah sakit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kualitas udara secara bakteriologi di ruang operasi di beberapa rumah sakit di Jakarta dan sekitarnya sebagai salah satu langkah pencegahan infeksi nosokomial. Desain penelitian ini adalah retroprospektif dengan menggunakan data yang bersumber dari UKK PPM LMK FKUI. Data diperoleh dari 217 pemeriksaan di ruang operasi dan 5 pemeriksaan di ICU yang dilakukan di 17 rumah sakit selama Januari 2018-Juni 2019. Pada tahun 2018, dari 137 pemeriksaan di ruang operasi, 120 (87,59%) di antaranya memenuhi standar baku mutu dan dari 4 pemeriksaan di ICU, 1 (25%) di antaranya memenuhi standar baku. Pada tahun 2019, dari 80 pemeriksaan di ruang operasi, 70 (87,50%) di antaranya memenuhi standar baku dan dari 1 pemeriksaan di ICU, 1 (100%) memenuhi standar baku. Mayoritas ruang operasi di rumah sakit di Jakarta dan sekitarnya memiliki kualitas udara secara bakteriologi yang sudah baik, tetapi ICU memiliki kualitas udara yang tidak memenuhi standar baku mutu.
ABSTRACT
Nosocomial infection is known to increase morbidity and mortality of patients, especially in operating room (OR) and intensive care unit (ICU) as they have high rate of activities that may risk in infection. Monitoring and maintenance of bacteriological quality of air are needed as they can reflect the actual condition of hygiene in hospital. The aim of this study is to know the bacteriological quality of air in several hospitals in Jakarta and the greater area of Jakarta. It is expected that the results of this study can become a basis in taking preventive measures against nosocomial infection. The design of this study was retroprospective. Data were collected from 217 examinations in OR and 5 examinations in ICU done in 17 hospitals between January 2018 and June 2019 by UKK PPM LMK FKUI. In 2018, among 137 results collected in OR, 120 (87,59%) fulfilled the requirement of bacteriological quality of air and among 4 examinations done in ICU, 1 (25%) also fulfilled the requirement. In 2019, among 80 examinations done in OR, 70 (87,50%) fulfilled the requirement and among 1 check done in ICU, 1 (100%) also fulfilled the requirement. It is concluded that the bacteriological quality of air in majority of OR in hospitals in Jakarta and its greater area is good, but that in ICU is not."
2019
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Ezra Ganesha Prihardanu
Pengaruh status sosioekonomi terhadap kualitas udara dalam ruang hunian urban = Influence of socioeconomic status on urban residential indoor air quality
"Urbanisasi terus mendegradasi komponen vital lingkungan, termasuk kualitas udara. Studi BPS menunjukkan mayoritas ventilasi udara di rumah secara nasional tidak memadai. Studi ini mengaitkan kualitas udara dalam ruang (KUDR) hunian urban dengan status sosioekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh status sosioekonomi terhadap karakteristik penghuni yang berhubungan dengan kualitas udara lingkungan, kondisi fisik hunian, dan KUDR hunian; dan merumuskan strategi kebijakan pemerintah terkait KUDR hunian. Penentuan sampel riset di RW 10, Pasar Manggis, Jakarta Selatan, ini menggunakan stratified convenience sampling, dengan 2 tipe akses rumah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan mixed method. Pengambilan data dengan wawancara, observasi fisik hunian, dan pemantauan KUDR selama 12 jam untuk PM2.5, suhu, dan kelembaban. Data kualitas udara lingkungan dari stasiun pengukuran udara ambien terdekat didapat secara daring. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan status sosioekonomi berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik penghuni yang memengaruhi KUDR. Analisis regresi linier berganda dengan Statplus dan Microsoft Excel menunjukkan tingkat pengaruh antar variabel dan menghasilkan persamaan prediksi. Temuan kesenjangan terhadap standar menjadi masukan untuk strategi kebijakan pemerintah terkait KUDR hunian. Temuan kualitatif menunjukkan komunitas hunian urban padat yang sudah tinggal bersama dalam waktu lama memiliki toleransi yang tinggi terhadap penurunan KUDR akibat akitivitas usaha tetangganya dan perilaku merokok di rumah.
Urbanization continues to degrade vital components of environment, including air quality. BPS study showed the majority of home air ventilation is not adequate. This study associates indoor air quality (IAQ) of urban residentials with socioeconomic status. The aims of this study were to analyze the influence of socioeconomic status on occupant characteristics related to the environmental air quality, residential physical condition, and IAQ; and formulate government policy strategies related to residential IAQ. Determination of the research sample in RW 10, Pasar Manggis, South Jakarta, used stratified convenience sampling, with 2 types of home access. This research used quantitative approach and mixed method. Data were collected by interviews, physical observation, and 12-hour IAQ monitoring for PM2.5, temperature, and humidity. Environmental air quality data from the nearest ambient air measurement station is obtained online. Descriptive analysis showed that socioeconomic status has an influence on occupant characteristics that affect IAQ. Multiple linear regression analysis with Statplus and Microsoft Excel showed the level of influence between variables and produced predictive equation. The finding of gaps against standards becomes input for the government's policy strategy related to residential IAQ. Qualitative findings show that dense urban residential communities who have lived together for a long time have a high tolerance for the decline in IAQ due to the businesses activities of their neighbors and home-smoking behaviour."
Depok: Sekolah Ilmu Lingkungan Uiniversitas Indonesia, 2021
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Sabrina Valentina
Evaluasi Efektivitas Pengendalian Sistem Tata Udara dalam Mengatasi Permasalahan Kualitas Udara pada Bangunan Akomodasi dan Perkantoran di Salah Satu Industri Migas = Evaluation of the Effectiveness of HVAC System Control in Solving Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Problems at Accommodation and Office Buildings in an Oil and Gas Industry
"Sejak tahun 2012, salah satu Perusahaan Migas memiliki permasalahan kualitas udara yang belum dapat teratasi hingga saat ini, yaitu kelembaban relative (RH) yang tinggi dan pertumbuhan mikrobiologi (jamur dan bakteri) di dalam ruangan pada bangunan akomodasi dan perkantoran. Hingga akhirnya modifikasi sistem HVAC, perbaikan bangunan bocor dan pemasangan UV-C light telah dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan evaluasi efektivitas pengendalian sistem tata udara dalam mengatasi permasalahan kualitas udara. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional kuantitatif dengan analisis uji statistik. Penelitian dilakukan dengan statistik deskriptif dan uji komparasi pada parameter IAQ dan gejala SBS sebelum dan setelah modifikasi. Parameter IAQ meliputi temperatur, RH, air movement, VOC, CO2, O2, serta total jamur dan bakteri di udara dan permukaan. Agar dapat memberikan rekomendasi yang tepat dilakukan pula uji korelasi untuk menganalisis pengaruh antara parameter fisik dan kimia terhadap pertumbuhan mikrobiologi, serta pengaruh thermoregulation behavior dan aktivitas penghuni terhadap kondisi kualitas udara dan gejala keluhan SBS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi kualitas udara setelah modifikasi (HVAC dan UV-C light) mengalami perbaikan kondisi yang signifikan pada parameter RH, bakteri dan jamur di udara, bakteri dan jamur di permukaan. Thermoregulation behavior, aktivitas penghuni dan gejala SBS memiliki perubahan yang baik setelah modifikasi. Kelembaban relatif (RH), CO2 dan O2 signifikan mempengaruhi pertumbuhan mikrobiologi (jamur dan bakteri) di dalam ruangan. Aktivitas penghuni dan thermoregulation behavior secara signifikan mempengaruhi kondisi kualitas udara dan gejala keluhan SBS. Modifikasi HVAC dan perbaikan bangunan bocor terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan RH di dalam ruangan. Pemasangan UV-C light pada sistem HVAC dan UV-C light portable terbukti efektif untuk mendisinfeksi jamur dan bakteri di udara, jamur di permukaan diffuser dan sistem HVAC di bangunan akomodasi dan perkantoran. Pengendalian sistem tata udara (HVAC dan UV-C light) secara signifikan dapat memperbaiki permasalahan kualitas udara, namun kondisi ini harus selalu dipertahankan dan ditingkatkan untuk mencapai kondisi sesuai dengan standar KUDR. Rekomendasi mitigasi yang diberikan diharapkan dapat menyelesaikan permasalahan kualitas udara tersebut.
Since 2012, an Oil and Gas Company has Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) problems that have not been resolved until now, such as the high relative humidity (RH) and microbiological growth (mold and bacteria) indoors in accommodation and office buildings. Finally, the HVAC system modifications, leaking building repairs and UV-C light installation have been implemented. Therefore, an evaluation of the effectiveness of HVAC system control is needed in addressing IAQ problems. Research design is a quantitative cross sectional study with statistical analysis. The study was conducted with descriptive statistics and statistical comparative tests on IAQ parameters and SBS symptoms before and after modification. The IAQ parameters include temperature, RH, air movement, VOC, CO2, O2, total mold and total bacteria in ambient air and surface area. In order to provide appropriate recommendations, statistical correlation tests were conducted to analyze the influence between physical and chemical IAQ parameters on microbiological growth, as well as the influence of thermoregulation behaviour and occupant activity on air quality conditions and SBS symptoms. The study results showed that IAQ conditions after modification (HVAC and UV-C light) has significant improvements in RH, bacteria and mold in ambient air, bacteria and fungi on the surface. Thermoregulation behaviour, occupant activity and SBS symptoms have good changes after modification. RH, CO2 and O2 significantly affect the microbiological growth (mold and bacteria) indoors. Occupant activity and thermoregulation behaviour significantly affected IAQ conditions and SBS symptoms. HVAC modifications and leaky building repairs have proven effective in lowering RH indoors. Installation of UV-C light on HVAC systems and portable UV-C light has proven effective for disinfecting airborne molds and bacteria, mold on diffuser surfaces and HVAC systems in accommodation and office buildings. Modification of HVAC systems and UV-C light can significantly improve IAQ problems, but these conditions must always be maintained and improved to achieve acceptable conditions based on IAQ standards. Mitigation recommendations are expected to solve the air quality problem."
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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Rohadatul Aisy Afla
Analisis Kualitas Udara Mikrobiologis Parameter Bakteri dan Jamur di Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit (Studi Kasus: Gedung A Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional (RSUPN) Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo) = Microbiological Air Quality Study with Parameter Bacteria and Fungi on Hospital (Case Study: Building A RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo)
"Kualitas udara pada ruang rawat inap merupakan poin penting yang perlu diperhatikan untuk menghindari risiko dan gangguan kesehatan yang dapat tersebar melalui udara. Indikator bioaerosol dalam ruangan yang dipakai adalah bakteri dan jamur. Alat yang digunakan untuk pengambilan sampel bakteri dan jamur pada Gedung A RSCM adalah EMS dan media kultur TSA serta MEA. Sampel bakteri diinkubasi pada suhu ±37oC selama ±24 jam, sedangkan jamur diinkubasi pada suhu ±27oC selama ±48 jam. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur pada ruang perawatan kelas 1, VIP, dan VVIP dan menganalisis faktor lingkungan yang dapat mempengaruhi keberadaan bioaerosol dalam ruangan. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, hasil uji perbedaan konsentrasi bakteri pada ruang rawat inap yang diperoleh adalah 0,02 dengan tingkat signifikansi (α) 0,05 dengan menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis, sedangkan untuk jamur sebesar 0,002. Sehingga ada perbedaan konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur pada ruang perawatan kelas 1, VIP, dan VVIP. Suhu dan kelembaban diketahui sebagian besar tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kualitas bioaerosol dalam ruang rawat inap. Hasil uji korelasi Spearman untuk suhu dan bakteri adalah 0,085; 0,567; 0,000, sedangkan untuk suhu dan jamur adalah 0,058; 0,168; 0,05. Uji korelasi Spearman untuk kelembaban dan bakteri 0,095; 0,688; 0,320, sedangkan untuk kelembaban dan jamur adalah 0,399; 0,008; 0,920. Dari data tersebut dapat dijelaskan bahwa pada beberapa ruangan rawat inap tidak ada hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan konsentrasi bakteri dan jamur.
Air quality in the patient room is an notable point that need to be considered to avoid risk and some health problems that can be spread through the air. Bioaerosol indicator for indoor air pollutants are bacteria and fungi. Air samples were taken by EMS with TSA and MEA culture media. This research was taken in Gedung A RSCM. Bacteria sampel would be incubated at 37oC for 24 hours, while fungi would be incubated at ±27oC for ±48 hours. This research wanted to know the difference between bacteria and fungi concentration at kelas 1, VIP, and VVIP inpatient rooms. The results showed that there is a difference of bacteria and jamur concentration between the class of inpatient rooms, because the level significant of Kruskal-Wallis (α = 0,05) for bacteria concentration is 0,02 and 0,002 for fungi concentration. Temperature and humidity mainly did not have any specific relation with bioaerosol quality in inpatient rooms. The results for Spearman’s corelation for humidity and bacteria are 0,085; 0,567; 0,000. Meanwhile, for temperature and bacteria area 0,095; 0,688; 0,320 and for humidity and fungi are 0,399; 0,008; 0,920. From those data known that some of the inpatient rooms were not had relation between environment factors with bacteria and fungi concentration."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2019
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