Jaminan kesehatan merupakan salah satu langkah pencegahan agar terhindar dari ketidakmampuan dalam memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan. Namun, masih banyak masyarakat perdesaan yang tidak memiliki jaminan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepemilikan jaminan kesehatan pada masyarakat perdesaan Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional dan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sumber data adalah data sekunder Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 dengan jumlah sampel 12.398 responden. Hasil penelitian didapatkan hanya 40,3% masyarakat perdesaan Indonesia yang telah memiliki asuransi kesehatan. Individu dengan karakteristik berusia produktif (25-44 tahun), berpendidikan tinggi, berstatus kawin, memiliki pekerjaan, berpendapatan tinggi, memiliki riwayat rawat jalan dan rawat inap bermakna secara statistik untuk berkemungkinan memiliki jaminan kesehatan pada masyarakat perdesaan Indonesia.
Health insurance is one of the preventive way to avoid the inability to obtain health services. However, there are still many rural residents who do not have health insurance. This study aims to determine the associated factors of health insurance ownership in rural Indonesia. This study is an observational study with a cross sectional design and a quantitative approach. The source of secondary data is from Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 with a sample size of 12.398 respondents. The results showed that only 40,3% of rural residents in Indonesia who have health insurance. Individuals with the characteristics of productive age (25-44 years old), higher education, being married, being employed, higher income, have past utilization in outpatient and inpatient care are statistically significant for the possibility of having health insurance in rural Indonesia.
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This study found that the economic status of the population in quintile one (Q1) and quintile two (Q2) is the largest group of people who do not have health insurance. The results of the first stage of analysis show that DKI Jakarta residents prefer privately-run health facilities for outpatient utilization, while government-operated health facilities are slightly superior for inpatient utilization. Residents who have JKN will use it for outpatient and inpatient utilization. The results of the second stage showed that the out-of-pocket cash health expenditure of people with national health insurance (JKN) was lower than that of people without health insurance. Residents who have dual/combination health insurance (JKN and private) when utilizing health services are using private health insurance. The higher the economic status of the population, the higher their health expenditure. This study suggests that the government should pay close attention to the coverage of health insurance among people with low economic status. It also needs to encourage people to make more use of JKN when utilizing outpatient and inpatient care in order to further reduce financial risk, especially for people with vulnerable household members."