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"Concern for the environment and how to best address environmental and climate problems, nationally and internationally, have long been a priority for successive Swedish governments and continue to be so today. The policies are characterized by close cooperation between all parts of Swedish society; from consumers and researchers to businesses and environmental organizations. The aim is to be a modern society that environmentally sound and based on sustainable resources. One of the major challenges has been and continues to be how to pursue a growth-friendly policy that takes account of climate change…."

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Penelitian ini membahas globalizing dan diplomasi budaya Swedia melalui cabang olahraga orienteering sebagai representasi dan identitas Swedia. Pada tahun 1995, Swedia resmi menjadi anggota Uni Eropa. Kesejahteraan dan standar hidup yang baik di Swedia mejadikan negara tersebut begitu dikenal. Swedia juga menempatkan olahraga sebagai aktivitas masyarakatnya. Orienteering adalah cabang olahraga yang berasal dari Swedia. Penelitian ini menganalisis upaya globalisasi dan diplomasi budaya Swedia melalui cabang olahraga orienteering. Penelitian ini juga menganalisis identitas Swedia yang direpresentasikan melalui olahraga orienteering. Teori dan konsep globalizing, diplomasi budaya, representasi, dan identitas nasional digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian. Data mengenai sejarah olahraga orienteering dan kejuaraan internasional digunakan untuk meproyeksikan upaya globalisasi dan diplomasi budaya Swedia. Metode deskriptif-eksplanatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk menganalis penelitian. Data-data kualitatif diambil dari situs resmi Federasi Orienteering Swedia, Konfederasi Olahraga Swedia, Federasi Internasional Orienteering, dan situs resmi pemerintah Swedia. Temuan dalam penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa terdapat proses globalizing dan diplomasi budaya melalui olahraga orienteering yang merupakan representasi dari identitas Swedia. Globalizing terlihat dari munculnya orienteering yang berasal dari lokal Swedia menjadi global, kemudian mempengaruhi citra positif Swedia dan dilakukannya diplomasi budaya berdasarkan kebijakan luar negerinya. Identitas Swedia direpresentasikan melalui sejarah, teritorial, budaya dan kebijakan politiknya. Identitas Swedia bersifat berubah dan konstruktif. Swedia dikenal dengan strategi pemerintahannya Swedish Model dan olahraga orienteering menerapkan strategi tersebut di dalam strategi internasionalnya.

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This research analyzes globalizing and Swedish cultural diplomacy through orienteering sport as representation and identity of Sweden. In 1995, Sweden officially became a member of the European Union. The well-being and good standard of living in Sweden make this country known so well. Sweden also places sport as a community activity. Orienteering is a sport from Sweden. This research analyzes the efforts of globalizing and Swedish cultural diplomacy through orienteering sports. This thesis also analyzes Swedish identity represented by orienteering sport. Theories and concepts of globalizing, cultural diplomacy, representation, and national identity are used to answer research questions. The data about the history of orienteering and international championships are used to project the efforts of Swedish cultural globalization and diplomacy. Descriptive-explanative methods with qualitative approaches are used to analyze research. Qualitative data was taken from the official website of the Swedish Orienteering Federation, Swedish Sports Confederation, International Orienteering Federation, and the official website of Swedish government. This research finds that there is a process of globalizing and cultural diplomacy through orienteering sport which is a representation of Swedish identity. Globalizing can be seen from the emergence of orienteering originating from local Swedish to global, then affecting the positive image of Sweden and conducting cultural diplomacy based on its foreign policy. Swedish identity is represented through its history, territories, culture and political policies. Swedish identity is changing and constructive. Sweden known for its governance strategy Swedish Model and orienteering sport applied this strategy in its international strategy.

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"Upaya mencapai Universal Health Coverage (UHC) dengan memprioritaskan layanan kesehatan primer (PHC) sudah disepakati melalui Deklarasi Astana Tahun 2018. Identifikasi tantangan dalam sistem pendanaan PHC secara global dilakukan agar menjadi lessons learned untuk perbaikan implementasi kedepan, khususnya bagi Indonesia, sebagai masukan bagi Transformasi Kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode scoping review melalui tiga database, yaitu Pubmed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, dan Scopus, dengan total 43 literatur terinklusi. Tantangan pendanaan PHC ditinjau melalui tiga fungsi, yaitu revenue collection, pooling, dan purchasing. Tantangan dalam revenue collection antara lain sumber pendanaan yang tidak berkelanjutan dan minimnya akuntabilitas proses pengumpulan dana. Tantangan fungsi pooling meliputi terbatasnya cakupan peserta dalam pooling, banyaknya pooling dan tidak tersedianya regulasi yang mengatur beragam pooling untuk pendanaan satu program yang sama, lebih diutamakannya pendanaan layanan rujukan dibandingkan PHC, dan belum dilakukannya pengalokasian anggaran yang disesuaikan dengan risiko dan kebutuhan. Sementara itu, tantangan fungsi purchasing meliputi paket manfaat yang belum sesuai dengan kebutuhan, beban administratif yang besar untuk purchasing, tata kelola provider dan purchaser yang tidak akuntabel, serta besarnya intervensi politik terhadap keputusan purchaser dalam penentuan paket manfaat. Tantangan pendanaan PHC merupakan suatu satu kesatuan sistem pendanaan, sehingga tantangan yang terjadi di fungsi yang satu akan memengaruhi atau memicu munculnya tantangan di fungsi lainnya. Lessons learned untuk Transformasi Kesehatan Indonesia bahwa penghapusan skema alokasi earmarking perlu diikuti implementasi RIBK yang akuntabel. Indonesia sudah memiliki komitmen politik berupa berbagai regulasi untuk mencapai UHC melalui PHC, tetapi masih perlu memperhatikan dukungan SDM dan infrastruktur lainnya agar regulasi bisa dijalankan di tingkat layanan primer. Selain itu, trade-off antara cakupan penduduk dan cakupan layanan paket manfaat perlu diputuskan dengan berbagai pendekatan yang menjunjung nilai value for money dan tetap mengutamakan investasi ke layanan kesehatan primer.

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Efforts to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by prioritizing primary health care (PHC) have been agreed upon through the 2018 Astana Declaration. Identification of challenges in the PHC financing system globally was carried out to become lessons learned for future implementation improvements, especially for Indonesia, as input for Health Transformation. This study used a scoping review method through three databases, namely Pubmed, EBSCOhost MEDLINE, and Scopus, with a total of 43 included literature. PHC financing challenges were reviewed through three functions, namely revenue collection, pooling, and purchasing. Challenges in revenue collection include unsustainable financing sources and lack of accountability in the fund collection process. Challenges in the pooling function include the limited coverage of participants in the pool, the large number of pools and the unavailability of regulations governing various pools for financing the same program, the financing prioritization for referral services over PHC, and the lack of budget allocation tailored to risk and needs. Meanwhile, the challenges of the purchasing function include benefit packages that are not in accordance with the needs, a large administrative burden for purchasing, unaccountable governance of providers and purchasers, and a large amount of political intervention in purchaser decisions in determining benefit packages. PHC financing challenges are a unified financing system, so challenges that occur in one function will affect or trigger challenges in other functions. Lessons learned for Indonesia's Health Transformation is that the elimination of the earmarking allocation scheme needs to be followed by the implementation of an accountable RIBK. Indonesia already has the political commitment in the form of various regulations to achieve UHC through PHC. Still, it needs to pay attention to HR support and other infrastructure so that regulations can be implemented at the primary care level. In addition, the trade-off between population coverage and benefit package service coverage needs to be decided with various approaches that uphold value for money and still prioritize investment in primary health services."

"From generation to generation over the centuries, people in all parts of the world have developed adaptive social-cultural institutions and strategies of natural resource management based on the intimate relationship they had with their environment. At present, recent global warming is threatening people’s lives. Unfortunately, climate change is a natural phenomenon which is neither easy to observe, nor to predict and anticipate accurately. In many places, local people can no longer rely on earlier experiences and existing socio-cultural institutions to adjust to unprecedented changes. We are in urgent need of specific efforts to re-interpret and enrich our knowledge of this natural phenomenon. However, this is not an easy thing to do. People from all kinds of levels and entities in society are simultaneously the cause and the victims of global warming. The problem becomes even more complicated because of various mutually-affecting dimensions like ethics, politics, power, economics, and justice. These are the ultimate challenges scholars of the social sciences and humanities need to address seriously everywhere in the world, including in Indonesia. This article addresses the arguments of what scholars in the social sciences and humanities could and should do in response to climate change. Promoting a new paradigm and ethics in dealing with climate change is urgent and improvements in approaches and research methodologies are necessary. Learning from experiences gained from the way farmers in Java respond to climate change, the author argues that interdisciplinary research across social and natural sciences, and collaborative work with target groups is a promising and significant step (although scholars will have to face many challenges and constraints)."

"Case of Ambalat is studied in the context of intelligence perspective. The case is important to study for four reasons : (1) The Ambalat block is part of Indonesia's territory; (2) The case has drawn serious public attention; (3) There is a bitter experience of losing two islands of Sipadan and Ligitan; (4) and the economic value of the area. The case of Ambalat came to prominence as a result of the issuing of exploration licenses for oil concession blocks by Malaysia to international oil giant Royal Dutch/Shell Group on 16 February 2005. Indonesia considered this claim was a violation of the state sovereignty.

From national security point of views, the claim was a matter of failures of Indonesia which involved two communities : policymakers and intelligence producers. These failures lead to the formulation of two research questions: why these communities fail to prevent claim over Ambalat to occur and how their interactions to prevent such claim to occur. To examine how these two communities relate to the failures, hypotheses have been set up : (1) The policymakers ignored the available information and therefore did not transfer intelligence requirement to the intelligence producers; (2) The intelligence producers ignored the available information or alternatively ignored policymaker's intelligence requirement; (3) Both policymakers and intelligence producers ignored the available information.

Using open sources and limited unclassified intelligence materials, the thesis comes with a tool of intelligence cycle to analyze different levels of command of both policymakers and intelligence producers. The outcome of this study reveals that both communities contribute to the failures. Recommendation goes to the Policymakers and Intelligence Producers to use this thesis outcome as a basis of their own performance evaluation."