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"This book is a collection of refereed invited papers on the history of computing from the 1940s to the 1990s with one paper going back to look at Italian calculating/computing machines from the first century to the 20th century. The 22 papers cover a wide range of computing related topics such as specific early computer systems, their construction, their use and their users, software programming and operating systems, people involved in the theory, design and use of these computers, computer education, and conservation of computing technology. "

"The Bronze Age in the Korean peninsula witnessed many significant social andeconomic transformations, one of which was the transition from dispersed/linear settlements to nucleated settlements in the late Early Bronze Age and theconcomitant emergence of the &ldquovillage community.&rdquo This paper considers how thenotion of the &ldquovillage community&rdquo may have been reproduced through funerarypractices of object deposition observed at the late EBA Phase I dolmens of theYongdam complex, located in Jinan, southern Korea. Firstly, it is suggested thatthe stone objects deposited in and around the dolmens may have been personalitems relevant to the life history of the deceased. Secondly, the ceramic vessel partsdeposited around the dolmen burials are seen to have been associated with feastingpractices. Finally, the possibility that the stone objects deposited in a deliberatelybroken and partial state may have been involved in practices of social enchainmentis considered. It is argued that these different practices of object depositionmediated the sharing of memories, which in turn contributed to the establishment ofcommunity history. The reproduction of community history, it is maintained, wouldhave played an important role in reproducing the notion of the &ldquovillage community.&rdquo"

"ABSTRAKThis is a study of oral tradition on Mentawai family stories. The family stories relate to historical events and contemporary social issues occurred in the Mentawai Islands and affecting the Mentawai kin groups. The Mentawai family stories comprise significant elements defining different kin groups living on the Mentawai Islands. They are also an important source of information with regard to claims to ancestral land. The Mentawai family stories can furthermore be regarded as the kin groups? verbal form of identities. Therefore, to maintain the family stories is indispensable to Mentawai communities and the power of human memory plays an important part in maintaining and transmitting the significance of these verbal identities of the communities."