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"Sermo Reservoir has been useful for irrigation and power plant. Despite its good reservoir management the reservoir spills millions of cubic meter of water yearly. On the other hand, there is a need for domestic water for surrounding area that can not be met. It indicates that the reservoir capacity needs increasing. The combined spillway (Free flow spillway and siphon) has been studied where higher capacity of water storage may be attained without increasing the dam crest. This is conducted by increasing the crest of the open type spillway (for examole ogee) to a certain height and at the same time adding the capacity of the open type spillway with spion. At certain height above the open spillway crest, the siphon is priming to add the discharge out from the spillway and hence required height of flood water above the open spillway is reduced. Such method that is increasing spillway weir crest may be applied for Sermo Dam.The paper studie a typical reservoir called Waduk Sermo that is located in Kulon Progo, Special province of Jogjakarta, where the data is available for simulation. During three years of record, Sermo resevoir spills quite a lot of water which otherwise was very useful for the domestic water. With the increasing need for clean water, it is essential to study the real availability of water in the reservoir. Such spill would have been minimized when the dam was equipped with siphon spillway. Mathematical modeling of water balance in the reservoir during the three years of record was carried out. The out flow includes water for irrigation, electricity power and domestic purpose (drinking water). The domestic water discharge is varied in order to obtain optimal capacity for water withdrawal. The effect of higher spillway crest on the capacity of the reservoir to supply domestic water is simulated for comparison.The study shows that Sermo reservoir is capable of serving approximately 1501/s of domestic water with time of service is 92%. This is the same as if no water is available for approximately one month per year. An additional dam crest of 1 m high produces a capacity of approximately 2251/s at the same risk as before. There is approximately an additional 2 million m3 of water available for domestic water yearly. It is concluded that such reservoir might have been more optimal when the crest was 1 m higher."

"Sulitnya mengandalkan penggunaan air permukaan dikarenakan permasalahan distribusi dan ketersediaanya menyebabkan orang-orang mulai menggunakan sumber air bersih lainnya untuk di konsumsi dan memenuhi aktifitasnya, yaitu air tanah. Untuk menghindari munculnya permasalahan akibat daya konsumsi yang yang berlebihan, maka dibuatkan sebuah program simulator GWFM 2012 oleh Departemen teknik sipil Universitas Indonesia untuk memprediksi dampak pengambilan air tanah tersebut. Namun pada skripsi ini penulis mencoba mengembangkan simulator sejenis dengan menggunakan metode numerik Runge Kutta orde dua, orde tiga dan orde empat untuk mengkaji efisiensi penggunaannya dari segi akurasi, ketelitian dan waktu proses hingga tinggi head sudah tidak berubah lagi terhadap waktu (konvergen).

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Difficulties on relying onto surface water utilization are caused by the limitation issues of surface water availability and distribution, in which eventually leads to the tendency of people on exploiting groundwater as their domestic water source. In order to predict further implications regarding the massive exploitation of groundwater, GWFM 2012 simulator program was developed by the Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering University of Indonesia. In this undergraduate thesis, author tried to develop similar program by using 2nd, 3rd dan 4th Order of Runge Kutta Numeric Methods so that utilization efficiency in terms of accuracy, precision and running time to reach convergent state can be analyzed thoroughly."

"Manusia mempunyai hubungan yang erat dengan air sebagai salah satu kebutuhan utama. Salah satu peristiwa yang perlu mendapat perhatian lebih adalah adanya kontaminasi air tanah dan masih banyaknya air tanah yang digunakan sebagai sarana pemenuhan kebutuhan air. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan suatu protokol pemodelan fisik kontaminasi pencemar pada media berpori heterogen menggunakan seepage tank. Tujuan lain adalah untuk memperbaiki alat percobaan sehingga bisa digunakan untuk melakukan validasi dari pemodelan matematis yang ada. Pemodelan fisik ini meliputi aliran air tanah melewati media heterogen terdiskrit pada kondisi tunak dan juga transpor pencemar dengan mekanisme adveksi-dispersi yang terjadi akibat point-source loading.

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Humans have strong independence on water as one of their primary needs. One of the phenomena that should be focused more is the presence of groundwater contamination while at the same time groundwater is utilized as one of the main source of water supply. This undergraduate thesis aims to formulate a physical modeling protocol of contaminant transport through heterogeneous porous media by using seepage tank. Another additional purpose is to improve the function of the existing instrument so that it can be used to perform validation of various mathematical modeling. This physical modeling includes groundwater flow through heterogeneous discrete medium in steady-state conditions as well as contaminant transport in advection-dispersion mechanism that occurs as a result of point-source loading."

"ABSTRAKIncinerator medis RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumoadalah incinerator tipe Pirolisis, di mana pambakarandilakukan dengan 2 ( dua ) tahap terhadap gas buanganyang dihasilkan. Reaktor yang dijadikan obyek penelitian adalahincinerator medis yang berskala lapangan dengan bahanbakar solar . Masukan limhah adalah limbah medis dalamfase padat.Saat ini komposisi limbah medis ini terdiridari sisa jaringan tubuh manusia, pembalut hinggajarum plastik dan pada masa mendatang diutamakan untuksisa jaringan manusia.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untukmempelajari kinerja incinerator medis, dengan carapengamatan di lapangan, di laboratorium terhadapparameter masukan kadar air dan kadar karbon, sertaparameter keluaran bahan bakar tambahan dan konsentra-si gas buang karbon monooksida.Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh persamaanregresi yang selanjutnya dapat dipergunakan untukmembuat intrapolasi dan ekstrapolasi untuk mengetahuipersamaan yang menghubungkan antar berbagai parametermasukan maupun parameter keluaran. Juga diperolehnilai koefisien Pearson yang menunjukkan hubunganantar pameter. Penulis berusaha menyajikan sebaran dari data dan melakukan pengujian terhadap beberapahipotesa awal.Analisa statistikal dilakukan terhadap data Labdan Lapangan. Hasil analisa dari faktor-faktor yangmempengaruhi kinerja Incinerator Medis ini memperlihatbahwa Kadar Air memiliki hubungan yang erat denganPemakaian Solar, demikian juga Kadar Karbon memilikirelasi erat dengan Pemakaian Solar.Analisa regresi yang ailakukan terhadap hubunganantar berbagai parameter memperlihatkan bahwapersamaan regressi yang terbentuk adalah persamaanlogaritmis dan eksponensial.Untuk mencari nilai yang minimum dari suatuparameter keluaran tidak bisa dengan memakaidiffrensiasi. Cara yang dipakai adalah denganmemasukkan kondisi batas minimum. dari parametermasukan yang nilainya memungkinkan.

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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat mortar menggunakan sampah kertas yang telah diproses, untuk mendapatkan mortar yang ramah lingkungan, memenuhi standar dan diharapkan memiliki sifat mekanis yang lebih baik dibandingkan mortar yang menggunakan agregat alam dan tergolong beton ringan.Benda uji penelitian dibuat dengan persentase serbuk sampah kertas hasil pengolahan kertas bekas adalah10%, 15%, 20% dan 25% terhadap berat semen yang digunakan. Pengujian kuat tekan dan kuat lentur dilakukan pada hari ke-7,14, 21, 28,dan 56 sedangkan pengujian susut dilakukan hingga hari ke-28. Pengujian density pun dilakukan setelah umur mortar mencapai 28 hari.Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan bahwa mortar dengan campuran 10% memiliki kuat tekanmutu sebesar 6.57 MPa dan 6.52 Mpa digolongkan kedalam tipe N yaitu jenis adukan dengan kuat tekan sedang, dipakai untuk aduk pasangan terbuka diatas tanah. Sedangkan campuran 15%memiliki mutu sebesar 4.62 MPa dan 25% sebesar 2.49 MPa digolongkan kedalam tipe O yaitu jenis adukan dengan kekuatan tekan yang agak rendah, dipakai untuk konstruksi tembok yang tidak menahan beban tekan tidak lebih dari 7 kg/cm² dan gangguan cuaca tidak berat.

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ABSTRACTThis research object is make mortar using office block waste paper with shred paper pretreatment to get green mortar, standardized, and has a better mechanical quality than mortar using natural aggregate. The shredding paper ratio in mixture are 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% to cement mass. Compressive strength and flexural test did at day 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th whereas shrinkage test did at day 28th. Density test also did after mortar at the age of 28 days.As aresult from test, providable that the mixed 10% and 15% of mortar has compressive strength 6.57 MPa and 6.52 MPa. This kind of product be classified to N type that is mixed with medium compressive strength, used for open paired stir up on ground. The mixture of 20% mortar has compressive strength 4.62 MPa and the mixture of 25% of mortar has compressive strength 2.49 MPa, it can be classified to O type that is kind of mixed with low compressive strength, use for wall construction with compressive strength less than 7 kg/cm2 and medium disturbance of weather"

"Kereta api di kota kota besar di Sumatera merupakan salah satu sarana transportasi darat yang mendukung kegiatan ekonomi di wilayah tersebut Keberadaan sungai yang memutus jalur kereta api menyebabkan diperlukannya pembangunan jembatan jalan kereta api Untuk mendapatkan nilai proyek jembatan yang ekonomis perlu dilakukan studi mengenai tipe jembatan yang memiliki desain paling efisien Dalam studi ini beberapa tipe jembatan rangka baja dengan pembebanan kereta api dimodelkan dengan perangkat lunak berbasis elemen hingga untuk mengetahui besarnya gaya gaya dalam aksial lendutan serta berat jembatan Beberapa variasi permodelan juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui parameter parameter tersebut Variasi yang dimaksud antara lain permodelan sebagai rangka atau portal keberadaan batang tegak mutu batang tepi atas bawah dan diagonal akibat beban suhu serta konfigurasi batang batang diagonal Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa rangka tipe Warren adalah tipe rangka batang yang paling efisien untuk desain jembatan kereta api.

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Train is one of the transportation vehicles which support the economy of big cities in Sumatera Bridge construction is needed to cross the river and connects the railway Tha aims of this study is to find efficient railway bridge design In this study several types of statically determinated truss bridge are modelled with a finite element software in order to know their parameters i e axial internal forces displacements and weight of the bridges Some variations are applied in the model to analyze those parameters The variations applied are truss or frame modelization existence of vertical members quality of diagonal top and bottom chord different temperature gradient and different configuration of diagonal member Based on the result it shows that Warren type truss gives the most efficient configuration for raiway bridge design."

"Pemerintah menargetkan kekurangan pasokan atau backlog perumahan di 2019 menjadi 5,4 juta. Dengan kekurangan kebutuhan rumah susun sewa yang masih sangat besar, maka kebutuhan pembangunan rumah susun sewa di masa yang akan datang masih sangat tinggi.Namun di lain pihak, pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi di Indonesia secara umum jumlah kecelakaan kerja juga meningkat. Merujuk data Badan Penyelenggara Jasa Sosial (BPJS) Ketenagakerjaan, secara nasional angka kecelakaan kerja sektor konstruksi tercatat sebagai sektor terbanyak nasional angka kecelakaan kerja.Manajerial keuangan penting untuk membantu proses pembuatan keputusan terkait keselamatan kerja. Sedangkan penerapan pembiayaan SMK3 di Indonesia pada sektor konstruksi terutama pada bangunan gedung belum diatur secara jelas dan terukur. Pada pelaksanaannya, peraturan yang adapun belum sepenuhnya diikuti oleh para pelaku konstruksi bahkan di lingkungan Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat sendiri.Activity-Based Costing (ABC) atau perhitungan biaya berbasis aktivitas telah muncul sebagai pendekatan baru yang menghubungkan biaya yang terkait langsung dengan kegiatan bisnis dengan produk manufaktur. Untuk membuat perhitungan biaya berbasis aktivitas, membuat WBS dan menentukan item pekerjaan secara tepat merupakan upaya yang bermanfaat dan diperlukan untuk penilaian risiko berbasis aktivitas yang efektif.Pekerjaan arsitektur pada pembangunan gedung dalam hal ini pembangunan rumah susun sewa, adalah pekerjaan yang memiliki jumlah item pekerjaan paling banyak dibandingkan dengan item jenis pekerjaan yang lain.Maka berdasarkan temuan di atas, mengingat masih tingginya rencana pembangunan rumah susun sewa, masih tingginya angka kecelakaan kerja dan masih belum diterapkannya pembiayaan K3 secara menyeluruh di lingkungan Kementerian PUPR maka penelitian ini fokus terhadap pengembangan biaya K3 untuk pekerjaan komponen arsitektur pada bangunan gedung rumah susun sewa di Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat berbasis WBS.

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The government is targeting a supply shortage or housing backlog in 2019 to be 5.4 million. With the shortage of rental housing needs that are still very large, the development needs of rental flats in the future are still very high.

But on the other hand, the implementation of construction projects in Indonesia in general the number of work accidents also increased. Referring to Labor Social Service Agency (BPJS) data, nationally the number of occupational accidents in the construction sector is recorded as the most national sector of the number of occupational accidents.

Managerial finance is important to assist the process of making decisions related to work safety. While the regulations and provisions concerning OHS financing in Indonesia in the construction sector, especially in buildings, have not been clearly and measurably regulated. In its implementation, the existing regulations have not been fully followed by construction actors even within the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing itself.

Activity-Based Costing (ABC) has emerged as a new approach that connects costs directly related to business activities with manufactured products. To make activity-based cost calculations, creating a WBS and determining work items appropriately is a useful and necessary effort for effective activity-based risk assessment.

Architectural work on building construction in this case the construction of rental apartments, is a job that has the highest number of work items compared to other types of work items.

Based on the findings above, given the highly demands for the construction of rental apartments, the high number of occupational accidents and the lack of overall implementation of safety cost financing within the Ministry of Public Works and Housing, this study focuses on safety cost components development for architectural component work in rental apartments building project at the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing base on Work Breakdown Structure."

"Kestabilan lereng merupakan suatu analisa statis dan dinamis dari lereng alami, bangunan dam, dan lereng timbunan tanah. Lereng dapat terjadi secara alami maupun dibuat oleh manusia dengan tujuan tertentu. Analisa stabilitas lereng mempunyai peran yang sangat penting pada konstruksi-konstruksi sipil. Kondisi tanah asli disuatu daerah yang dianggap memmiliki daya dukung yang rendah diperkuat dengan pemotongan lereng atau penimbunan tanah dan lain sebagainya, sehingga diperlukan suatu analisa yang akurat agar diperoleh nilai stabilitas yang baik.Dengan semakin bertambahnya jumlah penduduk maka perluasan wilayah menjadi salah satu solusi bagi pemerintah dan swasta. Sebagian masyarakat yang menyalahi aturan bahkan membuat pemukiman disekitar lereng yang tergolong rawan kelongsoran khususnya pada musim hujan. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan seperti air, banyak masyarakat yang memilih tinggal di lereng sepanjang sungai tanpa adanya pengetahuan tentang bahaya dari tindakan tersebut.Lereng dapat dikatakan aman jika memiliki nilai faktor keamanan sama dengan 1. Nilai faktor keamanan umumnya dipenagruhi oleh parameter - parameter tanah seperti nilai kohesi (c) dan phi (ϕ). Lereng sungai terbagi menjadi beberapa elevasi dan bentuk. Lereng sungai ini umumnya terbagi menjadi bagian lurus dan belokan (cembung dan cekung) yang tersebar disepanjang sungai. Dengan menggunakan program GEO SLOPE/W dapat diketahui perbedaan dari faktor keamanan pada kedua jenis lereng ini dan dapat melihat faktor - faktor yang dapat mempengaruhinya.

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Slope stability is the analysis of static and dynamic stability of slopes of earth and rock-fill dams, slopes of other types of embankments, excavated slopes, and natural slopes in soil and soft rock. Slopes can occur naturally or created by humans for specific purposes. Slope stability analysis has an important role in civil constructions. Native soil conditions in an area that is considered to have a low carrying capacity of reinforced slope cutting or stockpiling of soil and so forth, so it requires an accurate analysis in order to obtain good stability values.

With the increasing population of the expansion of the region into one of the solutions for the government and the private sector. Most of the people who violate the rules even makes the settlement around the slopes are quite prone sliding especially during the rainy season. To meet the needs such as water, many people who choose to live on the slopes along the river without the knowledge of the dangers of such action.

Slopes can be considered safe if it has a value equal to 1. Value of safety factor is generally influenced by many parameter such as soil cohesion value (c) and phi (φ). Slopes of the river splits into several elevation and shape. Slopes of the river is generally divided into the straight and curves (convex and concave) are scattered along the river. By using the program GEO SLOPE/W can be determined from the difference in safety factor in both types of these slopes and can see the factors that can influence it."

"Column of circular cross setion is favourable to most people for its cool looking and may create image of important place. In addition, the spirally stirrupts and the evently distributed longitudinal reinforcement, embedded in such a column, are amongst favourable characteristic demanded by structural enginneers since those increase ductility as well as strength in all direction. Determining distances of the reinforcement to neutral axis as well as the centre of gravity of concrete in compression are amongst problems found in desinging a circular cross section column. Whitney and Whitney-Hognestad formula as quoted by Wang and Salmon (1979) resolve the problems by converting the circular cross section into squared cross section and by arranging the position of reinforcement.This research studied the effectiveness of the simplified formula proposed by Priyosulistyo (2007) on various material qualities and amount of reinforcement. The reselts of the study are presented graphically in the form of interaction diagrams and are compared to the diagram of exact solution, the Whitney and the Whitney-Hognestad solutions. On the same diagramthe stright lines, established from simplified design formula (Priyosulistyo, 2007) connecting to the point of maximum axial load at zero moment to balance point as well as connecting point of maximum flexural moment at zero axial load to balance point, are developed.This research showed that Whitney formula is conservative at compression control region, but excessively over estimate at about balance and tension control regions, although the application is limited to low ratio of steel to concrete cross sections (less than 1%) and become excessively overestimate along with the increase of the steel to concrete ratio, therefore, one should carefully consider the range of the applicability. The simplified formula as proposed by Priyisulistyo (2007) herein is consistant and reliable enough in any region (compression, balance snd tension regions), although the results tends to be conservative. Since columns of building, in accordance with SNI-03-2487-2002 code, should be designed stronger than that the beams connecting to them the conservative performance resulting from the simplified formula is still acceptable."