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"The book deals with various consequences of major nuclear accidents, such as in 1986 in Chernobyl and in 2011 in Fukushima. This book provides a solid underpinning of the basic physical-chemistry and biogeochemistry of naturally occurring and anthrop radioactivity. It contributes to the development of international environmentally safe standards and economically reasonable standard regulations based on justified radiological, social and economical legislation concepts."

"Radioactive Iodine-131 therapy is one of the modalities of hyperthyroidism treatment. This kind of therapy has been practiced for about 50 years and have been noted to be effective, safe, and relatively economical.Beta radiation of Iodine-131 causes the ablation of thyroid follicle cells, thus stopping excessive production of thyroid hormone. Thyroid ablation shows its effect progressively and can be clinically observed after 8 to 12 weeks.12 The effect can be accelerated or slowed down by administering higher or lower doses. A precaution regarding predicted side effects of radiation, such as possible carcinogenesis, leukemogenesis, and impacts on genes and fertility have not been proven. "

"Monitoring system and control for P2O5 Fluid Flow Using Gamma Radioaktive.Monitoring system and control for flow density of P2O5 in SP36 fertilizer process production has been constructed by using gamma absorption technique,which the accuracy required for measurement of density amounting is 0,5 gr/dm3 to 5,0gr/dm3...."

"Makanan dengan kandungan zat gizinya sangat dibutuhkan oleh mahluk hidup termasuk manusia untuk tumbuh dan berkembang biak. Sebaliknya melalui makanan dapat juga dipindahkan beberapa penyakit yang ditularkan melalui makanan seperti diare dan keracunan makanan. Tingkat kontaminasi makanan masih cukup tinggi (oleh E. coli 65,5%) dan prevalensi penyakit diare sebanyak 116.075 kasus tahun 1995 dan Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) keracunan makanan juga masih tinggi yaitu 31.919 kasus tahun 1997, dengan angka kematian kasus (CFR) 0,15%. Penelitian prospektif dilakukan pada 255 buah Tempat Pengelolaan Makanan (TPM) yang terdiri dari 3 jenis TPM yaitu masing-masing sebanyak 85 buah TPM dari jenis Pedagang Kakilima, Rumah Makan dan Restoran dan Jasaboga. Makanan yang diteliti adalah makanan dari daging yang dimasak dengan air sebagai bahan penunjang pengolahan makanan (daging berkuah), dengan bakteri E. coli sebagai indikasi kontaminasi makanan. Data dianalisis dengan analisis multi variabel regresi logistik ganda untuk mengetahui faktor kontaminasi makanan. Tingkat kontaminasi makanan disajikan oleh E. coli 12,2%. Kontaminasi makanan baru matang oleh E. coli 7,5%. Kontaminasi bahan makanan oleh E. coli 40,0%. Kontaminasi air oleh E. coli 12,9%. Kontaminasi tangan pengolah oleh E. coli 12,5%. Kontaminasi pewadahan oleh E. coli 16,9%. Suhu pemasakan makanan adalah 99,5 oC dan lamanya pemasakan makanan 20,6 menit. Suhu penyimpanan 28,9 oC, lamanya penyimpanan makanan matang 409,2 menit dan suhu penyajian adalah 28,7 oC. Kontaminasi oleh E. coli pada makanan yang disajikan dipengaruhi oleh suhu pemasakan dan Jenis TPM (Pedagang Kakilima dengan resiko 3,5 kali dibandingkan dengan Jasaboga dan Restoran).

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Food with its nutrient constituencies is important and needed by all biological organisms including human live. On theaters hand through food could transfer some of diseases agent that could cause gastro-intestinal disorder and food intoxication. Food contamination prevalence is still height (by E. coli 65.5%) and diarrhea cases 116.075 in 1995, food out break intoxication 31.919 occur in 1997, and with CFR 0.15%. Prospective study has been done in order to identify the E. coli food contamination rate on food serve by food establishment in South Jakarta. Sample size of 255, with 85 food establishment each type food establishment group such as street food vendor, catering, and restaurant. Meat with height water activities is used for food sample and E. coli contamination on food is used as an indicator for pathogenic bacterial food contamination. Data analysis using multiple logistic regression, to identify food contamination factors. E. coli served food contamination was 12.2%, fresh cooked food E. coli contamination was 7.5%, row food E. coli contamination was 40.0%, water contamination was 12.9%, food handler hand contamination was 12.5%, and kitchen utensil especially for cooked food container contamination was 16.9%. Cooking processing temperature was 99.5 0C, average cooking period was 20.6 minute, food storage temperature and period were 28.9 0C and 409.2 minute, and room temperature of food served was 28.7 0C. Factors involved on E. coli served food contamination were cooking temperature and street food vendor (with OR=3.5 compare with restaurant and catering)."

"Limbah radioaktif yang dihasilkan dari pemanfaatan teknologi nuklir terus bertambah. Penghasil limbah dan atau badan pelaksana dapat menerapkan tingkat klierens untuk mengurangi jumlah limbah radioaktif. Penelitian dilakukan di Pusat Teknologi Limbah Radioaktif-Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional Kawasan Nuklir Serpong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konsentrasi aktivitas radionuklida yang terkandung di dalam limbah radioaktif praolah, menganalisis prakiraan dampak penerapan tingkat klierens limbah radioaktif pada aspek ekonomi estimasi penghematan biaya pengolahan limbah radioaktif padat secara kompaksi , menganalisis prakiraan dampak penerapan tingkat klierens limbah radioaktif pada aspek sosial kesehatan pekerja radiasi dan masyarakat: hitung jumlah limfosit dan menganalisis prakiraan dampak penerapan tingkat klierens limbah radioaktif pada aspek lingkungan dosis yang diterima oleh tanah, badan air dan tanaman . Jumlah sampel limbah radioaktif sebanyak 11 drum 100 liter, pekerja radiasi 27 orang dan masyarakat 33 orang. Analisis limbah menggunakan alat spektrometer gamma digiBASE, menghitung dosis di lingkungan menggunakan perangkat lunak RESRAD OFFSITE, dan analisis biaya menggunakan metode valuasi ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat delapan sampel limbah radioaktif yang masuk kategori klierens dan sisanya masih di atas batasan klierens, penerapan tingkat klierens dapat mereduksi biaya pengolahan, penerapan tingkat klierens tidak memberikan dampak pada penurunan kadar limfosit dalam darah, dan juga tidak memberikan tambahan dosis di lingkungan. Tingkat klierens perlu segera diterapkan agar dapat mereduksi volume limbah radioaktif yang ada di fasilitas interim storage.

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The radioactive waste generated from utilization of nuclear technology continues to grow. Waste generator and or operator able to apply clearance level to reduce the amount of radioactive waste. The study was conducted at the Center for Radioactive Waste Technology National Nuclear Energy Agency at Serpong Nuclear Region. The aims of study to identify the activity concentration of radionuclides contained in radioactive waste pre treatment, to analyze impact forecasts of radioactive waste clearance level on the economic aspects estimated cost savings of compactible radioactive waste treatment , to analyze impact forecasts of radioactive waste clearance level on the social aspects health of radiation workers and the public count the number of lymphocytes and to analyze impact forecasts of radioactive waste clearance level on the environmental aspects the dose received by the soil, water bodies and plants . The number of samples are 11 samples of radioactive waste, 27 samples of radiation workers and 33 samples of the public. Analysis of radioactive waste using digiBASE gamma spectrometer, calculate the dose of radiation in the environment using RESRAD OFFSITE computer code, and cost analysis using economic valuation methods. The results showed that there were eight samples of radioactive waste in the category clearance and remaining is still above the clearance limit, application clearance level can reduce the cost of processing, the application clearance level no impact on the decreased levels of lymphocytes in the blood, and also did not provide additional radiation dose in the environment. The clearance level needs to be applied in order to reduce the volume of radioactive waste in interim storage facility."