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"[ABSTRAKPT Bank ABC Tbk sebagai salah satu bank yang bergerak di industri keuangan dituntut untuk menyesuaikan kebutuhan industri mengenai pengamanan transaksi kartu kredit. Bank Indonesia sebagai regulator mewajibkan setiap bank untuk mengimplementasikan PIN pada transaksi kartu kredit di Mesin EDC. Proses implementasi PIN memerlukan penyesuaian yang meliputi perubahan pada kartu, EDC dan back end system. Penyesuaian yang dilakukan berdampak pada proses bisnis kartu kredit hingga arsitektur teknologi yang digunakan. Pada penelitian ini digunakan framework TOGAF sebagai langkah kerja dalam memadukan proses bisnis organisasi, data dan arsitektur teknologi agar sesuai dengan standar dari EMVCo, PCI-DSS, Visa dan Mastercard. Hasil penelitian ini berupa solusi penyesuaian data, fitur serta alur pengembangan aplikasi yang dapat dijadukan acuan untuk perancangan standar arsitektur untuk implementasi PIN pada Transaksi Kartu Kredit.

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ABSTRACTPT Bank ABC Tbk as one of the banks in the financial industry is required to match industry needs regarding security of the credit card transactions. Bank Indonesia as the regulator requires each bank to implement PIN on credit card transactions at EDC machine. PIN implementation process requires adjustments include changes to the card, the EDC and the back end system. Adjustments made an impact on the credit card business processes to architecture technology used. In this study used TOGAF framework as a step in the work to integrate the organization's business processes, data and technology architecture to match the standard of EMVCo, PCI-DSS, Visa and Mastercard. The results of this study is in the form of data matching solutions, application development features and workflow which can be used as standard reference for designing the architecture for the implementation of the PIN on Credit Card Transactions.;PT Bank ABC Tbk as one of the banks in the financial industry is required to match industry needs regarding security of the credit card transactions. Bank Indonesia as the regulator requires each bank to implement PIN on credit card transactions at EDC machine. PIN implementation process requires adjustments include changes to the card, the EDC and the back end system. Adjustments made an impact on the credit card business processes to architecture technology used. In this study used TOGAF framework as a step in the work to integrate the organization's business processes, data and technology architecture to match the standard of EMVCo, PCI-DSS, Visa and Mastercard. The results of this study is in the form of data matching solutions, application development features and workflow which can be used as standard reference for designing the architecture for the implementation of the PIN on Credit Card Transactions.;PT Bank ABC Tbk as one of the banks in the financial industry is required to match industry needs regarding security of the credit card transactions. Bank Indonesia as the regulator requires each bank to implement PIN on credit card transactions at EDC machine. PIN implementation process requires adjustments include changes to the card, the EDC and the back end system. Adjustments made an impact on the credit card business processes to architecture technology used. In this study used TOGAF framework as a step in the work to integrate the organization's business processes, data and technology architecture to match the standard of EMVCo, PCI-DSS, Visa and Mastercard. The results of this study is in the form of data matching solutions, application development features and workflow which can be used as standard reference for designing the architecture for the implementation of the PIN on Credit Card Transactions.;PT Bank ABC Tbk as one of the banks in the financial industry is required to match industry needs regarding security of the credit card transactions. Bank Indonesia as the regulator requires each bank to implement PIN on credit card transactions at EDC machine. PIN implementation process requires adjustments include changes to the card, the EDC and the back end system. Adjustments made an impact on the credit card business processes to architecture technology used. In this study used TOGAF framework as a step in the work to integrate the organization's business processes, data and technology architecture to match the standard of EMVCo, PCI-DSS, Visa and Mastercard. The results of this study is in the form of data matching solutions, application development features and workflow which can be used as standard reference for designing the architecture for the implementation of the PIN on Credit Card Transactions., PT Bank ABC Tbk as one of the banks in the financial industry is required to match industry needs regarding security of the credit card transactions. Bank Indonesia as the regulator requires each bank to implement PIN on credit card transactions at EDC machine. PIN implementation process requires adjustments include changes to the card, the EDC and the back end system. Adjustments made an impact on the credit card business processes to architecture technology used. In this study used TOGAF framework as a step in the work to integrate the organization's business processes, data and technology architecture to match the standard of EMVCo, PCI-DSS, Visa and Mastercard. The results of this study is in the form of data matching solutions, application development features and workflow which can be used as standard reference for designing the architecture for the implementation of the PIN on Credit Card Transactions.]"

"ABSTRAKKartu debit mendominasi penggunaan Alat Pembayaran Menggunakan Kartu (APMK) dengan jumlah total transaksi mencapai lebih dari Rp.415 triliun sampai dengan bulan Juni 2015. Jumlah yang sangat besar tersebut merupakan pangsa pasar yang menjanjikan bagi pelaku industri, namun di sisi lain juga menjadi sasaran bagi pelaku kejahatan.Untuk mengatasi masalah keamanan tersebut, Bank Indonesia sebagai regulator kegiatan perbankan kemudian membuat aturan yang mengharuskan bank-bank di Indonesia melakukan perubahan standar kartu debit magnetic stripe menjadi debit chip berbasis smart card. Dengan diberlakukannya aturan ini maka bank bank di Indonesia perlu melakukan penyesuaian pada sistem pembayaran elektronik menggunkan kartu, tak terkecuali PT Bank XYZ, Tbk.Agar tetap bisa memenuhi regulasi, diperlukan sebuah proses perancangan arsitektur teknologi informasi untuk mendukung perubahan. Dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja TOGAF ADM, penelitian ini menghasilkan rancangan arsitektur data, arsitektur aplikasi, arsitektur teknologi, rencana migrasi, tata kelola implementasi, dan manajemen perubahan arsitektur untuk mendukung perubahan arsitektur dalam implementasi NSICCS.

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ABSTRACT

The use of debit cards still dominate the payment instruments using card. The total number of transactions reached more than Rp.415 trillion until June 2015. The large number of transactions is a promising market for the industry, but on the other hand also became a target for criminals.

To answer security concerns, Bank Indonesia as the regulator of banking activity then create a rule that requires banks in Indonesia make changes to standard magnetic stripe debit cards into debit chip-based smart cards. With the enactment of this rule, the banks in Indonesia need to make adjustments on the electronic payment systems involving cards, include PT Bank XYZ, Tbk. This change would have an impact on the architecture which has been running at the moment.

In order to remain able to meet the regulations, it would require a process of design / architecture of information technology in order to support the change. TOGAF ADM is designed to form a repeating cycle of IT architecture to support the development of a sustainable and well targeted. By using TOGAF ADM framework, this research resulted in the design of data architecture, application architecture, technology architecture, migration plans, implementation governance, and architecture change management to support the architectural changes in the implementation of NSICCS."

"Asuransi jiwa kartu kredit daIam perbankan termasuk kategori asuransi kumpuIan (group insurance). Studi ini bertujuan untuk meIakukan estimasi perhitungan premi Ianjutan asuransi jiwa kartu kredit. DaIam menghitung premi asuransi kumpuIan, metode pengaIaman kIaim (experience rating) dipergunakan untuk mengetahui besaran kIaim yang teIah terjadi di masa IaIu dan menggunakan haI tersebut sebagai dasar perhitungan premi di periode seIanjutnya. Metode Loss Ratio merupakan saIah satu metode yang paIing sering digunakan untuk menentukan trend factor daIam experience rating. Metode ini digunakan dengan membandingkan antara besarnya kerugian/kIaim yang terjadi dengan premi yang diperoIeh perusahaan asuransi. Dalam menghitung expected claim cost rate dari suatu asuransi kumpulan, seorang aktuaris juga dapat menggunakan metode campuran (blended rating) yang merupakan perencaanaan penetapan premi berdasarkan manual rating yang disesuaikan dengan experience rating. Sampel daIam peneIitian ini adaIah debitur kartu kredit dari sebuah perbankan swasta di Indonesia dengan periode pengamatan adaIah antara tahun 2016 – 2019. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah partisipan pengguna asuransi jiwa kartu kredit, nilai klaim asuransi dari tahun ke tahun, nilai premi asuransi, dan nilai biaya asuransi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa estimasi besaran premi lanjutan dari sebelumnya sebesar 0,4% menurun menjadi 0,25% - 0,26% berdasarkan metode loss ratio dan menjadi 0,22% - 0,31% berdasarkan metode blended rating.

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Credit card life insurance in banking belongs to the group insurance category. This study aims to estimate the premium calculation for Advanced Credit Card Life Insurance. In calculating group insurance premiums, the experience rating method is used to determine the number of claims that have occurred in the past and use this as the basis for calculating premiums in the next period. The Loss Ratio method is one of the most frequently used methods to determine the trend factor in the experience rating. This method is used by comparing the number of losses/claims that occur with the premiums obtained by the insurance company. In calculating the expected claim cost rate of group insurance, an actuary can also use a mixed method (blended rating) which is a premium determination plan based on a manual rating that is adjusted to the experience rating. The sample in this study is credit card debtors from a private bank in Indonesia with an observation period between 2016 – 2019. The variables used in this study are the number of participants using credit card life insurance, the value of insurance claims from year to year, the value of insurance premiums, and the value of insurance costs. The results showed that the estimated premium continued from the previous 0.4% decreased to 0.25% - 0.26% based on the loss ratio method and became 0.22% - 0.31% based on the blended rating method."

"Banyaknva bank/lembaga keuangan penerbit kartu kredit akan mengakibatkan timbulnva persaingan.Krisis ekonomi yang melanda Indonesia sejak pertengahan tahun 1997 telah mendorong perbankan nasional semakin berhati-hati untuk menyalurkan kreditnya ke sektor korporat. Adanya pertumbuhan ekonomi yang semakin balk, peningkatan kredit konsumsi dan pesatnya perkembangan pusat-pusat perdagangan di Indonesia telah memicu peningkatan kebutuhan terhadap alat pembayaran yang berbasis kartu diantaran_ya kartu kredit. Persaingan di bisnis kartu kredit relative ketat dengan Citibank sebagai pemimpin pasar.Dengan adanya hal tersebut di atas dan adanya keinginan untuk menjadi leader serta menahan dorninasi bank asing maka BNI sebagai salah sate pemain di bisnis kartu kredit berupaya melancarkan berbagai strateginyaPenelitian dilakukan terhadap konsumen pengguna kartu kredit. Penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian eksploratif deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan dengan cara melakukan survey kepada para pengguna kartu kredit. Pada survey ini jugs digunakan instrumen berupa kuesioner yang berisi daftar pertanyaan. Pendekatan secara kualitatif dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara dengan beberapa petugas bank yang biasa menangani kartu kredit. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan terdapat beberapa kesirnpulan yang dapat diambil antara lain :1. Berdasarkan peran perusahaan dalam bisnis kartu kredit maka posisi BNI adalah sebagai penantang pasar (market challenger). Sedangkan posisi pemimpin pasar (market leader) masih dipegang oleh Citibank.2. Dengan adanya globalisasi maka tidak menutup kemungkinan bank-bank asing ataupun bank-bank yang sebagian saharnnya dimihki oleh asing dapat beroperasi di Indonesia. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan posisi Citibank sebagai market leader dalam bisnis kartu kredit. Jejak Citibank kemudian diikuti oleh bank-bank asing lainnya antara lain HSBC dan Standard Chartered Bank.Dengan kondisi persaingan yang relatif ketat maka agar tetap dapat eksis dalam bisnis kartu kredit BNI harus rnemiliki strategi yang berdaya saing tinggi yaitu : 1. Strategi persaingan harga2. Perang Iklan (promosi)3. Meningkatkan Pelayanan

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Many bank or finance institution credit card publisher will cause competition.Economic crisis which have been in Indonesia since the middle year of 1997 have been pushed national banking to more carefully to distribute their credit to corporate sector. The economic development that more better, the increasing of credit consumption and the rapidly growth of trading centre in Indonesia have caused increasing necessity of payment instrument which is basis card, they are credit card. Credit card business competition is relatively strict with City bank as the market leader.With that condition and there is desire to be a leader which restrain foreign bank domination so BNI as one of player in this credit card business try to use all strategy.Research is done to the consumer of credit card. The research is explorative descriptive research with quantitative and qualitative approach. Quantitative approach is done by questionnaire. Qualitative approach is done by interview some bank officers which usually handle credit card.From the research that has been done, can be take some conclusion. They are:1. Basis of corporate function in credit card business, BNI position as the market challenger. Besides market leader position is still handled by Citibank.2. Because of the globalization not to close possible foreign bank or banks which half of share are belong to foreign that operation in Indonesia. This is can be proved by Citibank position as the market leader in credit card business. Citibank step than followed by other foreign banks, they are HSBC and Standard Chartered Bank. With this competitive condition that straight enough so to keep exist in business credit card, BNI must have strategy with high competitive. They are:1. Competitive price strategy2. Promotion war3. Increasing the service"

"Secara khusus, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pola transaksi card holder dan mengetahui hubungan keterkaitan antara faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh pada pembentukan pola transaksi kartu kredit tersebut yang dinyatakan dengan rata-rata amount transaksi.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional (correlational research) yang menggunakan variabel terikat rata rata amount transaksi card holder bank X. Sedangkan variabel bebas terdiri dari karakteristik kartu kredit (limit, frekuensi transaksi) dart karakteristik card holder (usia, jenis kelanrin, marital status, jumlah tanggungan) serta dummy kelompok jumlah kartu lainnya (DI, D2, D3). Sampel penelitian berasal dari transaksi 86 card holder selama 2 tahun dari bulan Januari 2003 sampai dengan bulan Desember 2004. Metode Analisis yang digunakan adalah metode Ordinary Least Squares dart Pooled Least Squares dengan pengolahan data menggunakan SPSS 11.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah : (1). analisis secara individual terhadap karakteristik kartu kredit (limit, frekuensi transaksi), dan karakteristik card holder (usia card holder, jenis kelamin card holder, setts dummy kelompok jumlah kartu lainnya (D2 dan D3) berpengaruh secara signifikan pada level signifikansi 5%, kecuali faktor marital status, jumlah tanggungan dan dummy kelompok jumlah kartu lainnya Dl, (2) analisis pengaruh secara serentak pada model 2(a) temyata karakteristik kartu kredit (limit, frekuensi transaksi) dan karaktenstik card holder (usia, jenis kelamin, marital status) serfs dummy kelompok jumlah kartu lainnya (D1, D2, D3) bersama-sama berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap rata-rata amount transaksi card holder sedangkan pada model 2(b) ternyata karakteristik kartu kredit (limit, frekuensi transaksi) dan karakteristik card holder (usia, jenis kelamin, jumlah tanggungan) serta dummy kelompok jumlah kartu lainnya (DI, D2, D3) bersama-sama berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap rata-rata amount transaksi card holder.

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This research is aimed to explore factors influencing card holder transaction behavior and to analyze the relationship between factors that influencing card holder transaction behavior (card holder transaction average amount).

This study is correlation research which card holder transaction average amount as a dependent variable. The independent variables consist of credit card characteristics (limit, transaction frequency), card holder characteristics (age, sex, dependent quantity, marital status) and dummy other card quantity groups (DI, D2, D3). This research are used sample from 86 card holder transactions during January 2003 until December 2004. The method of analysis were used ordinary least square and polled least square with SPSS 11 software.

In concluding this study, findings obtained from the study are reorganized below in line with research purpose and research questions that : (1). based on individual analysis of predictors in the models, 6 independent variables those are limit, transaction frequency, age, sex, dummy other card quantity groups (D2, D3) have significantly individual impacts to card holder transaction average amount, except marital status, dependent quantity and dummy other card quantity groups (DI), (2). based on equation models 2 (a), limit, transaction frequency, age, sex, marital status, dummy other card quantity groups (DI, D2, D3) have significantly simultaneous impacts to card holder transaction average amount and 2 (b), limit, transaction frequency, age, sex, dependent quantity, dummy other card quantity groups (DI, D2, D3) have significantly simultaneous impacts to card holder transaction average amount."

"Kebutuhan Supply Chain Management (SCM) yang andal dalam memberikan layanan terbaik kepada nasabah khususnya dalam pengiriman kartu kredit di sektor perbankan merupakan bagian dari evolusi bisnis perusahaan. Penggunaan kartu kredit di Indonesia terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, mendorong sektor perbankan untuk mencurahkan lebih banyak sumber daya untuk mendapatkan nasabah baru. Mengembangkan bisnisnya, perusahaan perbankan bekerja sama dengan logistik pihak ketiga untuk mengirimkan barang kartu kredit melalui sistem terintegrasi internal. Masalah muncul ketika kartu kredit yang diproduksi gagal dikirimkan ke pelanggan, dan tindakan segera diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini sehingga kebutuhan pelanggan terpenuhi. Masalah dalam akuisisi kartu kredit dan alur pengiriman dapat dianalisis secara menyeluruh menggunakan alat pengukuran manajemen kualitas dari bagan Pareto dan diagram sebab-akibat. Diskusi kelompok digunakan dalam studi kualitatif untuk menganalisis masalah, dan penelitian kuantitatif digunakan untuk menentukan prioritas terbaik dari solusi menurut perusahaan. Metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) membantu perusahaan untuk memprioritaskan fokusnya untuk menentukan langkah terbaik dalam peningkatan rantai pasokan perusahaan. Harmonisasi alat pengukuran kualitas manajemen dan proses pengambilan keputusan membantu perusahaan menemukan solusi terbaik untuk memecahkan masalah pengiriman kartu kredit di Indonesia.

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The requirement for dependable Supply Chain Management (SCM) efforts in order to provide the best services to customers is a component of business evolution. Credit card usage in Indonesia has increased year after year, prompting the banking sector to devote more resources to acquiring new customers. In order to grow its business, the banking company collaborates with third-party logistics to deliver credit card goods through an internal integrated system. The issue arises when a manufactured credit card fails to be delivered to the customer, and immediate action is required to resolve this issue so that the customer is satisfied. Problems within the credit card acquisition and delivery flow can be thoroughly analyzed using the quality management tools of a Pareto chart and a cause-effect diagram. Focus group discussions were used in qualitative studies to analyze the problem, and quantitative research was used to determine the best priority of the solution, according to the company.Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods help the company to prioritize its focus to pinpoint the best priority in the improvement of the company's supply chain. This harmonization of quality tools and the decision making process ought to help companies find the best solution to solve the credit card delivery problem."

"Dengan mempertimbangkan aspek kehati-hatian dan perlindungan konsumen dalam kegiatan pembayaran menggunakan kartu, pada tanggal 6 Januari 2012 Bank Indonesia mengeluarkan Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 14/2/PBI/2012 sebagai perubahan atas Peraturan Bank Indonesia Nomor 11/11/PBI/2009 tentang Penyelenggaraan Kegiatan Alat Pembayaran dengan Menggunakan Kartu, yang beberapa diantaranya mengatur tentang syarat kepemilikan kartu kredit serta penetapan suku bunga maksimal kartu kredit di Indonesia. Penerapan peraturan tersebut berlaku bagi semua penerbit kartu kredit di Indonesia, tak terkecuali Bank Mandiri. Dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan metode regresi linier berganda, dianalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi perolehan fee-based income kartu kredit Mandiri. Dari hasil olah data, disimpulkan bahwa penetapan PBI Nomor 14/2/PBI/2012 memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap perolehan fee-based income kartu kredit Bank Mandiri. Nilai koefisien beta yang positif menunjukkan bahwa penetapan peraturan tersebut memberikan kontribusi peningkatan perolehan fee-based income dari bisnis kartu kredit Bank Mandiri. Beberapa variabel lain yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap bisnis kartu kredit Bank Mandiri adalah suku bunga kartu kredit serta peluncuran kartu kredit co brand. Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini juga disampaikan, implikasi terkait strategi kartu kredit Bank Mandiri terhadap penerapan peraturan tersebut. Salah satunya adalah fokus bisnis kartu kredit sebaiknya tidak hanya difokuskan pada akuisisi kartu baru, melainkan juga pada peningkatan transaksi atau loyalitas kartu existing.

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ABSTRACTBy considering the aspects of prudential and consumer protection in using a card as a method payment, on January 6, 2012, Bank Indonesia issued PBI No 14/2/PBI/2012 regulation as amendment to the previous regulation PBI No /11/11/PBI/2009 related to the card payment instrument. Bank Indonesia as a regulator in card payment activities regulate the terms of credit card ownership and the maximum credit card rate in Indonesia. The implementation of these rules apply to all credit card issuers in Indonesia, and Bank Mandiri is no exception. In this study, the analysis of factors affecting the acquisition of fee-based income from credit card business in Bank Mandiri is conducted using a multiple linear regression method. From the data processing, it was concluded that the determination of PBI No 14/2/PBI/2012 has a significant impact on the acquisition of fee-based income of the credit card business in Bank Mandiri. The positive value of beta coefficient indicates that the determination of the regulation contributes an increase in the acquisition of fee-based income in credit card business. Some other variables that significantly influence the credit card business in Bank Mandiri are credit card rate and the launch of cobrand card. In addition, this study also presents the implications to the strategy of Bank Mandiri in dealing with the application of these rules. One is the credit card business should not only focus on the acquisition of a new card, but also in improving the transaction of the existing card."

"Karya akhir ini bertujuan untuk mengukur besarnya risiko kredit khususnya untuk scgmen karlu kredit Bank X di tahun 2005 dengan mempergunakan metode CreditRisk+. Alasan pcinilihan topik ini adalah :a. Produk Karlu Kredit merupakan jenis kredit yang memiliki resiko tinggi, mengingat sejak keputusan pemberian kredit oleh bank cenderung hanya didasarkan kepada verifikasi dokumen pendukung seperti slip gaji, surat keterangan, lembar penagihan kartu kredit bank lain, hasil rating sesama anggota Asosiasi Kartu Kredit Indonesia (AKKI), hasil verifikasi melalui telepon, serta lambahan dokumen pendukung lainnya, dan hanya sebagian calon pemegang karlu kredit yang prosesnya didahului oleh survey atau pengecekan lapangan mengingat kemampuan bank umumnya tidak memungkinkan unluk melakukan pengecekan lapangan semua calon pemegang kartu kredit, juga karena proses keputusan kredit hams sudah diberikan paling lambat lima hari sejak aplikasi kartu kredit diterima bank, selain itu kredit yang diberikan adalah unluk tujuan konsumsi dan tidak memiliki jaminan atas pemberian kredit tersebut.b. Bank X adalah penerbit kartu kredit terbesar not-nor dua di Indonesia di tahun 2005 setelah Citibank dengan jumlah pcmegang kartu kredil lebih dari 800.000 Cardholder dengan total outstanding balanced sebesar lebih dari Rp. 1,5 trilyun sehingga terdapat potensi risiko kredit yang cukup besar khususnya dalam hal terjadinya Default bagi Bank X, apabila pengeiolaan risiko kredit nya tidak dilakukan secara baik.c. Bank X belum mencrapkan metode Internal Raring Base (IRB) approach khususnya metode CrcclitRiski- untuk menghitung risiko kredit portofolio kartu krcdit nya.d. Adanya ketentuan Basel 11 tcntang kcharusan menghitung risiko krcdit scbagai salah satu unsur dalam menghitung CAR.Berdasarkan ketentuan Basel II, perhitungan risiko krcdit dapat mempergunakan beberapa pendekatan, antara lain dengan Standardized Model dan Internal Model, dimana dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan perhitungan dengan menggunakan Internal Model dengan pendekatan CreditRisk+.CreditRisk+ dianggap sebagai Internal Model yang tepat untuk menghitung risiko krcdit pada suatu portofolio, hal ini karena metode ini dapat dipergunakan untuk menghitung risiko krcdit suatu portofolio krcdit dalam jumlah yang banyak namun dengan besaran outstanding masing-masing krcdit kecil, juga karena metode ini tidak memerlukan tambahan data makro sehingga dalam penerapannya lebih efisien namun tetap efektif. Selain itu metode ini dikenal scbagai Default Model yang hanya mcmbedakan portofolio krcdit menjadi dua golongan yaitu bagian portofolio krcdit yang An Del iult dan Default saja scrta mcngabaikan penycbab tcrjadinya Default tersebut.Penerapan CreditRisk+ dilakukan dengan menghitung risiko kartu kredit di Bank X dengan batasan-batasan scbagai berikut :a. Data portofolio kartu kredit yang dipergunakan adalah data selama 12 bulan di tahun 2005.b. Nilai exposure berkisar antara Rp 500 ribu hingga Rp 250 juta, mengingat hampir 90% oposure yang ada di dalam portofolio Bank X berada pada kisaran nilai tersebut, tanpa memperhatikan jenis kartu kredit Classic, Gold atau Platinum.Secara garis besar, tahapan penghitungan risiko kredit mempergunakan metade CreditRisk+ dilakukan dcngan mcnghitung Frequency of Default dan Severity cof Losses, kemudian rnenghitung Distribution of Default Losses. Selanjutnya dari perhitungan terschut, akan diperaleh besamya potensi kerugian berupa Expected Loss. Unexpected Loss dan bcsarnya Economic Capital untuk menutup kerugian yang terjadi.Perhitungan portofolio kartu kredit dengan mempergunakan metade CreditRisk+ dengan asunisi tingkat keyakinan 95% dan Probability of Default dihitung dcngan Poisson Model, menunjukkan basil sebagai berikut:a. Nilai Expected Loss yang menunjukkan besamya kerugian yang diperkirakan tcrjadi setiap bulan dapat dihitung nilainya mempergunakan metode CreditRisk+, sebagai contoh nilai Expected Lost di bulan November 2005 bcsarnya adalah Rp.74,823 Milyar. Nilai Expected Loss setiap bulan tersebut diharapkan dapat ditutup olch nilai PPAP yang dibcntuk oleh Bank X dan dcngan mernpergunakan Likelihood Ratio Test dikctahui bahwa hampir scluruh Expected Loss yang ada di tahun 2005 masih dapat ditutup oleh nilai Pencadangan Penghapusan Aktiva Produktif(PPAP) yang dibcntuk olch Bank X.b. Dengan pencrapan metade CreditRisk+ dal= penelitian ini, besamya nilai VaR sctiap bulan juga dapat dihitung nilainya, dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 % maka nilai VaR suatu bulan menunjukkan proyeksi besamya nilai kerugian terbesar (Unexpected Loss) bulan berikutnya, sebagai contoh nilai VaR bulan November 2005 sebesar Rp.82,875 Milyar yang menunjukkan proyeksi nilai kerugian maksimum bulan Desember 2005 dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 %, dimana nilai kcrugian aktual pada bulan Desembcr adalah sebesar Rp.80,303 Milyar.c. Hasil pengujian dcngan metode Likelihood Ratio pada tingkat kepercayaan 95%, mcnunjukkan bahwa sclama periodc pengamatan besarnya nilai VaR yang mcrupakan proycksi jumlah kerugian terbcsar bulan bcrikutnya cukup akurat untuk dipcrgunakan dalam mcnghitung risiko krcdit, karena selama periodc pengamatan seluruh nilai kcrugian aktual yang terjadi masih dibawah =bang batas jumlah kcrugian yang dapat ditolelir atau tidak terdapat nilai kerugian aktual yang nilainya lcbih bcsar atau sama dcngan nilai- VaR yang dihitung dcngan mctodc CredirRisk+.d. Dengan mempcrbunakan mctodc CredizRi.sk+, Bank X mempcrolch insentif berupa penurunan kewajiban pemenuhan modal, scbagai contoh di bulan November 2005 kewajiban pemenuhan modal mempcrbunakan metode CrecliiRisk+ adalah 0.39 % dad total exposure nya, angka ini jauh lcbih rendah dibandingkan dengan mempcrbunakan Standardized Approach yang mcnghasilkan kewajiban pemenuhan modal sebesar 6,29 % dari total exposure, schingga Bank X mempcrolch insentif nilai modal sebesar 5,90% (6,29% - 0,39%) yang dapat dialokasikan oleh Bank X untuk kcpcntingan lainnya yang lcbih produktif.e. Bank X memperolch manfaat lain dad pcncrapan metode CredirRisk+, selain dapat menghitung risiko kredit nya secara Icbih akurat. pcncrapan metode ini dapat mcmbantu manajcmen Bank X dalam mcnyusun strategi yang lebih cfcktif dan pengalokasian SDM yang Iebih akurat dalam mclakukan penagihan kreditnya yang Default.

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The purpose of this thesis is to measure credit risk especially for the credit card segment of Bank X in 2005 by utilizing the CreditRisk+ method.The reasons of selecting this topic are:a. Credit Card is a type of credit that has a high risk, because since the decision of credit offer by the bank tends to be only based on supporting document verification for instance salary slip, recommendation letter, other bank's billing statement, rating result from other members of Asosiasi Kartu Kredit Indonesia (AKKI), phone verification result, as well as (he addition of the other supporting document, and only some of the process of the cardholder's applicant is proceeded by survey or external verification (on the spot), concerning that the bank's capacity generally does not possible to do field verification for all applicants, also because of the decision must been given at least in five days since the credit card application is accepted by the bank, moreover credit that is given aims for consumption and does not have the collateral.b. The Bank X is on 2''d rank of credit card's issuer in Indonesia in 2005 after Citibank, with the numbers of cardholders are more than 800.000 and the total outstanding balanced is more than Rp.1,5 trillion. On that condition, The Bank X has a potential high risk on its credit especially in the matter of the default occurrence, if the risk management of its credit is not well developed.c. The Bank X has not applied the method of Internal Rating Base (IRB) approach yet especially the CreditRisk+ method to calculate the credit risk of its credit card's portfolio.d. There is the regulation of Basel II about obligation to calculate the credit risk as one of the elements in calculating Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR).Based on the Based in regulation, the calculation of the credit risk can be utilized in several approaches, such as by Standardized Model or Internal Model, that in this research it will be done credit risk calculation by using Internal Model with the CreditRisk+ approach.CreditRisk+ was reputed as the precise Internal Model to calculate the risk of credit in a portfolio, because this method can be utilized to calculate the risk of credit in a large portfolio of each small credit, also because of this method do not need the addition of the macro's economic data, so in its implementation is more efficient but still effective. Moreover this method is known as the Default Model that differentiates the credit portfolio only into two groups, the first is a Not Default credit portfolio and the other one is a Default credit portfolio, also this model ignores the cause of the Default occurrence.The implementation of CreditRisk+ is done by calculating the risk of the credit card in the Bank X with limitations as follows:a. The credit card portfolio data is the data for 12 months in 2005.b. The exposure revolves between Rp. 500 thousand up to Rp. 250 million; considering that almost 90% exposure available in the Bank X's portfolio is in that value range, without considering the type of Classic, Gold or Platinum card.In general, the stage of calculating credit risk with the CreditRisk+ method will be done by calculating Frequency of Default and Severity of Losses, afterwards calculating Distribution of Default Losses. From the result, will gel the potential loss such as Expected Loss, Unexpected Loss and the Economic Capital to cover the loss.The calculation of credit card portfolio by utilizing the CreditRisk+ method with the assumption of the 95%conviction level and probability of default is calculated by Poisson's model, shows results as follows:a. The Expected Loss that shows the estimated loss occurs every month can be calculated with CreditRisk+ method, for example is the Expected Lost value in November 2005 is Rp.74, 823 Billion. That value is expected to be covered by the PPAP that is formed by Bank X and by utilizing Likelihood ratio test it is known that almost all Expected Loss in 2005 still can be covered by the value of PPAP (Pencadangan Penghapusan Aktiva Produktif) that is formed by Bank X.b. With implementation of the CrediiRisk+ method in this research, the size of VaR every month also can be calculated, using the 95 % level of reliability so value of VaR (Unexpected Loss) in a month shows the projection of the biggest losses in the following month, for example is the size of VaR in November 2005 is Rp.82, 875 Billion, it shows the projection of the maximum loss in December 2005 with the 95 %level of reliability, the actual loss in December is Rp.80, 303 Billion.c. The result of the Likelihood Ratio method on 95% level of reliability shows that during the period of observation the size of VaR that shows the projection of the biggest loss in the following month. It is quite accurate to be utilized in calculating the risk of credit, because during the period of observation all of the actual value of loss that is happened is still under the limitation of tolerant total of loss or do not have the actual loss bigger than or same as the VaR value that is calculated with the CreditRisk+ method.d. By utilizing the Credit Risk+ method, Bank X receives incentive of the capital's fulfillment obligation reduction, for example in November 2005 the fulfillment obligation of capital utilized by the CreditRisk+ method is 0,39 % from the total exposure, this number is much more lower compared with Standardized Approach that produces the fulfillment obligation of capital for 6,29 % from the total exposure, therefore Bank X receives 5,90% (6,29% - 0,39%) capital incentive that can be allocated in more other productive area by Bank X.e. Bank X receives another benefit from the implementation of CreditRisk+ method, besides it can calculate the credit risk more accurately, this method implementation can help the management of Bank X to develop more effective strategy and more accurate human resources allocation in dunning its Default credit."

"Seiring dengan semakin tingginya kebutuhan masyarakat, semakin tinggi pula transaksi menggunakan kartu kredit yang mencerminkan makin tingginya tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap kartu. Tetapi disisi lain, ratio kredit macet atau Non Performing Loan (NPL) kartu kredit cenderung meningkat. Sebagai salah produk perbankan yang bersifat massal, kartu kredit memiliki risiko yang tinggi biasanya penerbitannya tanpa mernerlukan jaminan atau agunan, Bank selaku penerbit harus melakukan prinsip kebati-hatian dalam menerbirkan kartu kredit dan selain itu, Bank juga harus mengantisipasi risiko kerugian kredit baik expected loss maupun unexpected loss dengan menerapkan manajemen risiko. CreditRisk+ adalah sa1ah metode yang sederhana yang dapat diterapkan untuk pengukuran risiko kredit khususnya Kartu Kredit. Meialui perbitungan dengan CreditRisk+ dapat diketahui eronomic capital yang harus dipersiapkan untuk mengantisipasi unexpected Joss. Pengujian pennodelan divalidasi dengan metode Kupiec untuk mengetahui akurasi model resiko kredit dalam memproyeksi potensi kerugiannya

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The increasing needs of society reflects on the incresing number of number credit card transaction. But on the other hand. non performing loan of credit card tends to increase as well. Credit card is considered as a high risk banking product since it is a mass product and need no collateral required Bank is advised to be prudent while issuing credit card and also should anticipate either expected loss or unexpected loss by implementing risk management. In assessing credit risk especially credit card risk. CreditRisk+ is one of simple method that may be implemented Through CreditRJsk+· method, Bank will be able to detennine the economic capital in anticipating any unexpected lass. Kupiec method is used to authenticated the validation of model to ensure the accuracy of credit risk model in projecting the loss."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel makroekonomi terhadap pertumbuhan bisnis kartu kredit di Indonesia serta mengetahui daya substitusi kartu kredit terhadap transaksi debit maupun transaksi cash. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode statistik, sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi data kredit yang diberikan (KYD), sales volume, NPL, inflasi, BI rate, impor barang konsumsi, selisih ekspor impor, transaksi debit, dan transaksi cash pada periode Januari 2008 sampai dengan Juli 2013. Metode yang digunakan digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis regresi linear berganda setiap variabel makroekonomi maupun variabel daya substitusi terhadap kredit yang diberikan (KYD). Dari hasil pengolahan data dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa variabel makroekonomi memiliki pengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan KYD adalah inflasi, BI rate, impor barang konsumsi, dan selisih ekspor impor dimana masing ? masing variabel makroekonomi tersebut memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda. Dimana baik variabel BI rate maupun impor barang konsumsi memiliki hubungan negatif terhadap pertumbuhan KYD, sementara untuk variabel selisih ekspor impor memiliki hubungan positif terhadap pertumbuhan KYD. Selain itu juga berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kartu kredit belum memiliki daya substitusi terhadap transaksi kartu debit, tetapi kartu kredit masih diposisikan sebagai alat penambah daya beli masyarakat.

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This study aims to determine the effect of macroeconomic variables on credit card business growth in Indonesia and determine the substitution effect of debit transaction and cash transaction to the credit card transaction. This research is a quantitative study using statistical methods, the sample used in this study include credit card receivables, sales volume, NPL, inflation, central bank rate, imports of consumer goods, the difference between exports and imports, debit transactions and cash transactions on the period of January 2008 to July 2013. The method used in this research is to conduct multiple linear regression analysis of each macroeconomic variable and substitution effect on receivables.

From the data processing can be concluded that macroeconomic variables that have an influence on the growth receivables are inflation, central bank rate, imports of consumer goods, and the difference between exports and imports where each of these macroeconomic variables have different influences. Either central bank rate or imports of consumer goods have a negative relationship to receivables growth, while exports and imports was positively related to growth receivables. In addition, based on the research, credit card can not be a substitution goods for debit card transactions, but credit still positioned as purchasing power adder."