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"[ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas tentang jual beli hak atas tanah bersama yang dilakukan setelah perceraian oleh salah satu pihak didasarkan pada hukum pertanahan.Oleh karena merupakan harta bersama, analisa dalam tesis ini juga menggunakan berbagai sumber hukum lain seperti hokum perkawinan dan hokum perdata untuk menganalisa keabsahan transaksi jual beli tanah hak atastanahbersamatersebut. Jual beli hak atas tanah bersama oleh salah satu pihak setelahperceraian dalam prakteknya merupakan hal yang umum dilakukan oleh masyarakat dan sangat mudah dijumpa dalam kehidupan sehari-sehari. Akan tetapi masyarakat tidak mengetahui aturan-aturanhukum yang mengaturhal tersebut, sehingga banyak terjadi penyimpangan hukum yang tidak disengaja akibat kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat awamakanhukum. Oleh karena itu kasus ini dapat memberikan penyuluhan hokum secara sederhana kepada masyarakat yang tidak mengerti atau tidak mengetahui adanya aturanhukum yang mengatur mengenai jual beli hak atas tanah bersama setelah perceraian tersebut.Tesis ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis normative karena menitikberatkan pada penelitian kepustakaan yang meneliti asas-asas hukum, sistematika hokum dan sinkronisasi hukum dengan cara menganalisanya.Tipe penelitian dalam tesis ini adalah tipe penelitian preskriptif yang memberikan saran atau opini hukumdalammenyelesaikans uatupermasalahan hukum.Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam Tesis ini adalah mengenai akibat hokum terhadap hak atas tanah bersamasetelah perceraian menurut hukum yang berlaku dan keabsahan transaksi jualbeli tanah sebagai hartabersama yang dilakukan oleh salah satu pihak setelah perceraian diputuskan.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce.;This thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce.;This thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce.;This thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce.;This thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce.;This thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce.;This thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce., This thesis is discussing about the rights of selling and buying land which came after a divorce by one side and it is based on the law of the land. Because of a joint, this thesis is also using the analysis of many other laws like the marriage of civil law and legitimacy to analyze the purchase of land and rights of the land. The rights of selling and buying the land by purchase rights of either party after a divorce is common in practice, carried out by community and is easily be found in daily life. But society might not know the rules of law to regulate this case, so that unintentional violation of a law community easily happened due to a lack of common law education. Thus, this case can provide simple explanation to the society who doesn't understand the rule of law that regulates about the rights of selling and buying land after a divorce. This thesis is using the juridical normative because it emphasize research literature that focusing on research that examines theories of the law, systematic law and law synchronization with analyze it .Type of research in this thesis is prescriptive research that gives legal advice or opinion to resolve a legal issue .The problems that is discussed in this thesis is about the impact of laws against the rights of the land after divorce. According to applicable laws and the validity of the transactions purchase of the land as a sharing- property-together that is be done by one party after a divorce.]"

"Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah sebagai pejabat umum memiliki kewenangan untuk membuat akta otentik. Dalam melaksanakan jabatannya Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah harus menjunjung tinggi harkat dan martabatnya dengan selalu berpedoman kepada Peraturan Perundang-Undangan yang berlaku dan Kode Etik Jabatan Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah. Pada kenyataannya terdapat Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah yang melanggar Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dan Kode Etik Jabatannya, sehingga, Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah tersangkut masalah, salah satunya tindak pidana penggelapan uang jual beli tanah yang dilakukan oleh Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah yang bertindak selaku perantara dalam jual beli. Maka dengan latar belakang tersebut, penulis merumuskan permasalahan dalam tesis ini yaitu mengenai 1. Bagaimana akibat hukum Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli tidak dapat dilanjutkan kedalam Akta Jual Beli akibat uang jual beli tidak diserahkan oleh Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah sesuai dengan Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 771 K/Pid/2018? 2.Bagaimanakah tanggung jawab Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah selaku perantara dalam jual beli tanah yang tidak menyerahkan uang jual beli sehingga Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli tidak dapat dilanjutkan ke dalam Akta Jual Beli. Bentuk penelitian yang dipakai adalah yuridis normatif dengan tipologi penelitian deskriptif analitis. Perbuatan yang dilakukan oleh Notaris/Pejabat pembuat Akta Tanah tidak menimbulkan akibat hukum terhadap Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli yang dibuatnya, sedangkan terhadap para pihak akibat hukumnya adalah jual beli batal sehingga tidak terjadi perpindahan hak dari penjual kepada pembeli. Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah yang melakukan tindakan tidak menyerahkan uang jual beli tersebut terdapat tiga pertanggungjawaban yang dapat dikenakan terhadap Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah yaitu pertanggungjawaban secara pidana, perdata dan administratif. Notaris/Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah dalam melaksanakan jabatannya tidak melebihi batas kewenangannya, dalam hal ini sebagai perantara jual beli.

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Notary/Land deed official as a public officials has the authority to make an authentic deeds. In performing their job Notary/Land deed official they must uphold their valence and dignity by always guided upon applied regulations and Code of Ethics of Notary/Land deed official. In fact, there are some Notary/land deed official that violates applied regulations and Code of Ethics of Notary/land deed official, thus, the Notary/land deed official has some issues, one of them is Criminal Act of Embezzlement of Sales and Purchase Money conducted by Notary/land deed official as  Mediator of Land sales and purchase. So with the background of the problem mentioned, the writer formulate the issue in this thesis are about how the legal consequences of the Settled Commitment of Sale and Purchase Agreement Cannot be Executed to be Sales and Purchase Deeds due to Sales and Purchase Money not be given by Notary/land deed official as a Mediator of Land Sales and Purchase according to the Supreme Court Verdict Number 771 K/Pid/2018? How the responsibility of a Notary/land deed official as a Mediator of Land Sales and Purchase who not given the sales and purchase money causing the Commitment of Sale and Purchase Agreement Cannot be Executed to be Sales and Purchase Deeds. The form of research used in this thesis is normative with research typology is descriptive analytical. The action that conducted by Notary/Land deed official not incur legal consequences of the Commitment of Sale and Purchase Agreement, and for the parties is the sale and purchase become null and void so the rights of the land can not be pass from the seller to the buyer. Notary/land deed offcial who conducted the act of not given sales of purchase money are three responsibilities that can be charged to them are criminal responsibility, civil/private responsibility, and administrative responsibility. Notary/land deed official in performing their jobs not exceeding the limits of their authority, in this case as a mediator of land sales and purchase."

"Tesis ini membahas Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1128K/PID/2017 dan Putusan Majelis Pengawas Pusat Notaris Nomor 13/B/MPPN/VII/2019 mengenai Notaris yang membuat Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli dan Kuasa Menjual dengan objek yang sama kepada beberapa pihak. Sertifikat hak atas tanah yang menjadi objek dalam akta-akta tersebut adalah seritifikat yang dititipkan di kantor Notaris sebagai jaminan perjanjian utang piutang. Karena di tengah jalan pihak debitur menghilang, pihak kreditur meminta Notaris untuk menjualkan sertifikat hak atas tanah tersebut. Notaris kemudian membuat KTP palsu dan meminta seorang rekannya untuk mengaku sebagai pemilik sertifikat hak atas tanah tersebut dan bertindak sebagai penjual dengan menggunakan nama sesuai KTP yang telah dibuat oleh Notaris. Permasalahan dalam tesis ini mengenai akibat hukum terhadap Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli dan Kuasa Menjual yang dibuat oleh Notaris yang tidak sesuai ketentuan yang berlaku dan sudah tepat atau tidaknya sanksi yang dijatuhkan kepada Notaris atas perbuatannya. Metode penelitian dalam penulisan tesis ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan jenis data sekunder, alat pengumpulan data berupa studi literatur, dan metode analisis kualitatif. Tipologi yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif yang menghasilkan penelitian deskriptif-analitis. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa akibat hukum terhadap Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli dan Kuasa Menjual yang dibuat oleh Notaris adalah batal demi hukum karena tidak memenuhi syarat subjektif maupun syarat objektif suatu perjanjian yang diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata dan sanksi pidana maupun sanksi administratif yang dijatuhkan kepada Notaris sudah tepat namun masih terdapat satu sanksi lagi yang dapat dibebankan kepada Notaris yaitu sanksi perdata berupa ganti rugi terhadap pihak yang dirugikan atas perbuatannya.

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This dissertation discusses the Supreme Court's Ruling No. 1128K/PID/2017 and the Central Supervisory Assembly of Notary's Ruling No. 13/B/MPVN/VII/2019 about the Notary who conducted Conditional Sale and Purchase Agreement and Deed of Authorization to Sell on the same object for several parties. The certificate of land right as the object of those deeds is the one which stored on the Notary office as the collateral on loan agreement. As the debtor stopped paying the debt, the creditor asked the Notary to sell the certificate of land right. The problem raised on this dissertation is the legal implication towards Conditional Sale and Purchase Agreement dan Deed of Authorization to Sell made by the notary that is not inline with the applicable law and the sanction that had been charged to the Notary. The research method of this dissertation is juridical normative using secondary data with literature review as data gathering tools, and using qualitative analysis method. The research typology is descriptive making an analytical-descriptive research. The research shows that the legal implication towards the deeds is null and void because they not meet the subjective and objective requirements of an agreement on article no. 1320 Code of Civil Law and the criminal sanction as well as administrative sanction to the notary are appropriate. However, there is still one other sanction that can be charged to the notary, that is, private sanction in the form of compensation for the injured party."

"Notaris sebagai Pejabat yang berwenang untuk membuat akta autentik tentu harus teliti terhadap dokumen-dokumen pendukung yang akan dipergunakan. Akta autentik memiliki kekuatan bukti yang lengkap atau sempurna dan memiliki kekuatan mengikat, serta telah mencukupi batas minimal alat bukti yang sah tanpa lagi diperlukan alat bukti lain dalam suatu sengketa hukum perdata. Masalah timbul ketika Notaris membuat Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli yang didasari dengan kuasa menjual yang tidak dilegalisasi oleh Notaris. Akta tersebut dapat mengalami degradasi, dalam arti posisinya lebih rendah dalam kekuatan sebagai alat bukti, dari kekuatan bukti sempurna menjadi pembuktian seperti akta di bawah tangan yang menyebabkan kebatalan atau ketidak absahannya akta tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, bersifat deksriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Keabsahan akta pengikatan jual beli dengan memakai surat kuasa menjual dibawah tangan adalah tetap sah tetapi kedudukan akta tersebut menjadi akta dibawah tangan yang artinya akta itu mengalami degradasi akta yang posisinya rentan untuk dibatalkan dan tidak kuat secara hukum. Tanggung jawab Notaris dalam hal ketidak cermatan, kelalaian dan kesalahan dalam menerapkan aturan hukum karena diri Notaris sendiri maka sepanjang dapat dibuktikan bahwa perbuatannya menimbulkan kerugian, Notaris dikenakan sanksi administratif.

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Notary as the official who is authorized to make an authentic deed must be careful of the supporting documents that will be used. An authentic deed has complete evidence strength and has binding power, and has sufficient minimum legal evidence without any further evidence needed in a civil law dispute. Problems arise when a Notary Public makes a Deed of Agreement on Sale and Purchase which is based on a power of attorney that is not legalized by a Notary. The deed can be degraded, in the sense that it is lower in strength as a means of evidence, from the strength of perfect evidence to proof like a deed under the hand that causes the invalidity or invalidity of the deed. This study uses normative juridical research methods, analytical descriptive nature with a qualitative approach. The validity of the binding purchase agreement using a power of attorney to sell under the hand is still valid, but the position of the deed becomes a deed under the hand, which means that the deed position is vulnerable to be canceled and is not legally strong. The Notarys responsibility in terms of inaccuracy, neglect and error in applying the rule of law because of the Notary himself so long as it can be proven that his actions cause harm, the Notary is subject to administrative sanctions."

"ABSTRAK1, Keadaan Indonesia yang terdiri dari beribu- ribupulau yang letak dan geografisnya mempengaruhi situasinya, sehingga memerlnkan armada angkutan udarayang dapat menjangkau selumb wilayab dengancepat dan dapat diandalkan.2, Perkembangan tehnologi yang sangat pesat, kebutubanakan sarana perbubtmgan kbnsusnya masalahpengangkutan udara memerlnkan pesawat terbang dalamjumlah yang banyak,3« Dengan adanya perkembangan perhubnngan udara yangbegitu pesat, banyak pihak swasta mengadakan perjangiano'ual bbeli. Dengan adanya perjangian jualbeli ttu menimbulkan banyak pembebanan atas pesawat terbang. Melihat perkembangan yang sangatpesat ini, maka pemerintah dalam hal ini DepartemenPerhubungan telah mengeluarkan surat Keputus-.(ah Nompr 13/2/1971 yaitu tentang syarat-syaratdan ketentuan-ketentuan mengenai penggunaan pesawat terbang secara koiaersil di Indonesia,Untuk menampung kebutuhan dan perkembangan yangtergadi sangat pesat.

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"Beberapa sarjana telah melakukan penelitian tentang praktik konsumsi pakaian bekas di Indonesia (Lestari & Asmarani, 2021, Rahmawati et al., 2022). Tren untuk mengkonsumsi pakaian bekas mengalami peningkatan pada kalangan anak muda, terutama melalui kegiatan jual beli di media sosial (Goodstats.id, 2022). Praktik ini dikenal dengan istilah thrifting yang dapat dideskripsikan sebagai suatu praktik untuk membeli atau mencari barang-barang bekas untuk dipakai kembali. Kurylo (2018) mendeskripsikan bahwa konsumen sekarang muncul sebagai subjek yang aktif, mengkonsumsi dan memproduksi budaya dan dapat mengekspresikan agensi mereka dalam produksi konten di media sosial. Dengan mengkaji praktik konsumsi barang bekas di TikTok, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pola interaksi anak muda Indonesia memanfaatkan media digital dalam mengekspresikan agensi. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan teori praktik dari Bourdieu (1977) dan berargumen bahwa TikTok dapat adalah platform media sosial yang dapat memfasilitasi interaksi dan membentuk relasi antar para penggunanya.  

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Several scholars have conducted research on the practice of consuming used clothing in Indonesia (Lestari & Asmarani, 2021, Rahmawati et al., 2022). The trend to consume used clothing has increased among young people, especially through buying and selling activities on social media (Goodstats.id, 2022). This practice is known as thrifting which can be described as a practice to buy or look for used goods to be reused. Kurylo (2018) describes that consumers now emerge as active subjects, consuming and producing culture and can express their agency in content production on social media. By examining the consumption practices of used goods on TikTok, this research aims to analyse how the interaction patterns of Indonesian youth utilise digital media in expressing agency. In this study, the author uses Bourdieu’s (1977) theory of practice and argues that TikTok can be a social media platform that can facilitate interaction and form relationships between its users."

"Berdasarkan kasus dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 164/K/Pdt/2018 Juncto Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Medan Nomor 36/Pdt/2017/PT.MDN Juncto Putusan Pengadilan Negri Tebing Tinggi Nomor 34/ Pdt. G/2015/PN.TBT dimana jual beli tanah telah dilakukan dengan dibawah tangan dan atas tanah tersebut dijual kembali oleh penjual secara pura-pura kepada pihak ketiga dan selanjutnya oleh pihak ketiga, tanah tersebut dijadikan agunan dengan Hak Tanggungan kepada Bank. Yang menjadi pokok permasalahan adalah, Bagaimanakah akibat hukum terhadap jual beli tanah dibawah tangan dan dijual kembali serta dijadikan agunan kepada Bank dalam putusan ini berdasarkan ketentuan yang berlaku dan Bagaimanakah Pertimbangan Hakim pada Putusan Pengadilan tersebut dikaitkan dengan kesesuaian dengan norma hukum dan kepatutan. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut maka dilakukan penelitian hukum dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif, mempergunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan studi kepustakaan dan hasil penelitian bersifat preskriptif analitis. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa meskipun jual beli tidak dilakukan di hadapan PPAT, namun syaratsyarat materiil sudah terpenuhi, dan pembeli selaku Penggugat dapat membuktikan dalildalilnya serta Tergugat juga mengakui adanya jual beli yang dilakukan antara Penggugat dan Tergugat I dan II atas tanah tersebut. Maka, sudah sepatutnya jual beli dalam kasus ini adalah sah berdasarkan bukti bukti yang ada dan Bank selaku pemegang Hak Tanggung beritikad tidak baik, tidak menerapkan prinsip kehati-hatian, dan tidak menerapkan prinsip 5 C dalam melakukan penilaian terhadap debitur dan dalam analisis, Tergugat I, Tergugat II, Tergugat III, Tergugat IV, dan Tergugat V terbukti melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum. Oleh karenanya, pertimbangan hakim yang sesuai dengan norma hukum dan kepatutan adalah menolak permohonan kasasi oleh Bank.

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Based on the Case in the Supreme Court Decision with the number of 164 / K / Pdt / 2018 Juncto the High Court in Medan Decision with the number 36 / Pdt / 2017 / PT.MDN Juncto The Tebing Tinggi State Court Decision Number 34 / Pdt. G / 2015 / PN.TBT where the Sale and Purchase of land rights have been carried out under the hands and the land is resold by the seller pretending to be to a third party and then by a third party, the land is used as collateral with a mortgage to the bank. The main problem is, What is the legal consequence of the sale and purchase of land in a private deed and resales and used as collateral to the Bank in the decision based on the applicable provisions and What is the Judge's consideration in the Court Decision related to conformity with legal norms and propriety. In order to answer this problem, legal research was carried out with a normative juridical approach, using secondary data obtained by literature study and the results of the research are analytical prescriptive. The results of the analysis show that although the sale and purchase was not carried out before the PPAT, the material requirements had been met, and the Buyer as the Plaintiff could prove his arguments and the Defendant also acknowledged that the sale and purchase was carried out between the plaintiffs and defendants I and II on the land. So it is rightly, for the sale and purchase in this case to be validated based on existing evidence and the Bank as the holder of the Liability Rights is considered has bad intentions, does not apply the principle of prudence, and does not apply the 5 C principle in assessing debtors and in analysis, Defendant I, Defendant II, Defendant III, Defendant IV, and Defendant V are proven to have committed illegal acts. Therefore, the judge's consideration in accordance with legal norms and propriety is to reject the appeal by the Bank."

"Garansi merupakan salah satu bentuk layanan yang diberikan oleh produsen atau penjual kepada konsumen sebagai pemenuhan terhadap hak-hak serta jaminan terhadap konsumen atas barang yang dijual bebas dari kecacatan dan kerusakan yang tidak diketahui sebelumnya. Pemberian garansi ini merupakan suatu bentuk pelindungan hukum terhadap konsumen yang juga bagian dari kewajiban pelaku usaha dan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap konsumennya, di samping juga pelaku usaha wajib memberi kesempatan kepada konsumen untuk menguji dan/atau mencoba suatu barang dan/atau jasa tertentu terhadap konsumennya. Hal ini sesuai dengan amanat dari Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen khususnya Pasal 7 huruf e, namun dalam praktiknya pemberian garansi oleh pelaku usaha terhadap konsumen ini tidak sepenuhnya dilaksanakan, sehingga merugikan bagi pihak konsumen. Dengan menggunakan bentuk penelitian yuridis-normatif, tipologi penelitian berupa deskriptif-analitis dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan menganalisisnya berdasarkan ketentuan yang berlaku serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk dibuatnya pengaturan khusus terkait garansi barang non elektronik dan juga menjelaskan bahwa seluruh kewajiban pelaku usaha dalam UUPK pada dasarnya berlaku termasuk juga memberikan jaminan atau garansi pada barang, maka hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dibutuhkan pengaturan lebih lanjut mengenai pemberian garansi terhadap barang khususnya mengenai daftar barang non elektronik yang wajib diberikan garansi serta diperlukannya sanksi yang tegas terhadap pelaku usaha yang tidak bertanggung jawab dalam memberikan garansi. Selain itu, dalam putusan a quo seharusnya pelaku usaha (Toko GMT Sparepart Handphone) tetap berkewajiban atau bertanggung jawab dalam memberikan garansi barang terhadap konsumen, dikarenakan pada dasarnya ketentuan kewajiban pelaku usaha dalam Pasal 7 UUPK bersifat kumulatif yang berarti seluruh kewajiban wajib dilaksanakan, dimana dengan dijalankannya satu kewajiban tidak menghilangkan kewajiban lainnya.

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Guarantee is a form of service provided by manufacturers or sellers to consumers as a fulfillment of rights and guarantees to consumers for goods sold free of defects and damage that were not previously known. The provision of this guarantee is a form of legal protection for consumers which is also part of the obligations of business actors and the responsibilities of business actors towards their consumers, in addition, business actors are obliged to provide opportunities for consumers to test and/or try certain goods and/or services on their consumers. . This is in accordance with the mandate of the Consumer Protection Act, especially Article 7 letter e, but in practice the guarantee given by business actors to consumers is not fully implemented, causing harm to the consumer. By using a juridical-normative research form, the research typology is in the form of a descriptive-analytical research with a qualitative approach and analyzes it based on applicable provisions and provides recommendations for making special arrangements related to guarantees for non-electronic goods and also explains that all obligations of business actors in the UUPK basically apply including provide guarantees or guarantees for goods, the results of this study are that further arrangements are needed regarding the provision of guarantees for goods, especially regarding the list of non-electronic goods that must be guaranteed and the need for strict sanctions against business actors who are not responsible for providing guarantees. Apart from that, in the a quo decision the business actor (GMT Sparepart Handphone Store) should still be obliged or responsible for guaranteeing goods to consumers, because basically the provisions on the obligations of business actors in Article 7 of the UUPK are cumulative which means that all obligations must be carried out, where by performance of one obligation does not eliminate other obligations."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap penjualan produk berupa mobil bekas. Semakin meningkatnya jumlah konsumen yang berminat membeli mobil bekas dan meningkatnya transaksi jual beli mobil bekas berarti hukum perlindungan konsumen harus lebih ditegakkan. Pelaku usaha harus sungguh-sungguh menjalankan kewajibannya yaitu memberikan jaminan dan bertanggung jawab atas kenikmatan dan kecacatan yang terdapat pada produk. Kewajiban tersebut termasuk kepada fasilitas layanan purna jual yang disediakan pelaku usaha dari mulai servis berkala sampai perbaikan terhadap komponen mobil. Jangan sampai pelaku usaha melakukan pelanggaran terhadap hak-hak konsumen dan juga melakukan perbuatan yang tidak baik yang mengakibatkan konsumen mengalami kerugian. Sehingga permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah mengenai tanggung jawab pelaku usaha terhadap produk bekas dan bagaimana batasan tanggung jawab tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara dengan narasumber. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa tanggung jawab pelaku usaha yang melekat pada produk bekas merupakan tanggung jawab produk yang diatur dalam Pasal 19 ayat (1) Undang Undang Perlindungan Konsumen. Kemudian mengenai batasan tanggung jawab pelaku usaha telah diatur dalam Pasal 24 ayat (2) dan Pasal 27 huruf e Undang Undang Perlindungan Konsumen. Pelaku usaha dibebaskan dari tanggung jawab tuntutan ganti rugi konsumen apabila pelaku usaha lain yang membeli barang dan/atau jasa menjual kembali kepada konsumen dengan melakukan perubahan terhadap barang tersebut. Selain itu, pelaku usaha juga dibebaskan dari tanggung jawab apabila telah lewat masa penuntutan empat tahun sejak barang dibeli atau lewat masa jaminan.

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This thesis discusses the responsibilities of business actors for product sales in the form of used cars. The increasing number of consumers who are interested in buying used cars and the increase in used car buying and selling transactions means that consumer protection laws must be more enforced. Business actors must seriously carry out their obligations, namely providing guarantees and taking responsibility for the enjoyment and defects found in the product. This obligation includes after-sales service facilities provided by business actors starting from periodic servicing to repairs to car components. Do not let business actors violate consumer rights and also commit bad actions that result in consumers experiencing losses. So that the problems discussed in this study are regarding the responsibility of business actors for used products and how to limit this responsibility. This research uses a normative-juridical method through literature studies and interviews with source person. This research explains that the responsibility of business actors attached to used products is product responsibility which is regulated in Pasal 19 (1) UUPK. Then regarding the limitation of the responsibilities of business actors it has been regulated in Pasal 24 (2) and Pasal 27 e UUPK. Business actors are released from responsibility for claims for consumer compensation if other business actors who buy goods and/or services resell them to consumers by making changes to the goods. In addition, business actors are also released from responsibility if the prosecution period of four years has passed since the goods were purchased or the warranty period has passed."