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"Regresi kuantil merupakan salah satu teknik regresi dengan memodelkan kuantil dari variabel dependen bersyarat variabel penjelas. Model yang diperoleh dengan regresi kuantil merupakan suatu gambaran lengkap atas perilaku data baik di bagian tengah maupun ekor (tail) sebaran. Sehingga teknik ini baik digunakan untuk analisa data apabila dicurigai adanya perbedaan pengaruh variabel penjelas terhadap bagian-bagian tertentu variabel dependen. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil taksiran parameter regresi kuantil yang berubah secara monoton. Selain itu regresi kuantil juga bagus digunakan pada data dengan nilai ekstrim yang penting untuk dianalisa. Untuk mendapatkan model regresi kuantil diperlukan proses penaksiran parameter yang dilakukan dengan meminimumkan ekspektasi suatu fungsi loss. Proses optimisasi ini selanjutnya diubah ke dalam program linier dan dapat diselesaikan dengan metode interior point. Metode interior point yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini mengacu pada algoritma Frisch-Newton. Selanjutnya pada skripsi ini, regresi kuantil akan diterapkan pada dua data yang masing-masing memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda.

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Quantile regression is a regression technique by modeling the conditional quantile of the dependent variable. Models obtained with quantile regression is a complete picture of the behavior of the data either in the middle or tail. This technique is well used to analyze data when there is suspected differences in the effect of explanatory variables on the dependent variable. It can be seen from the results of quantile regression parameter estimates which changed monotonically. In addition quantile regression is also good to use on the data with extreme values that are important to be analyzed. To get the required quantile regression model, parameter estimation process is done by minimizing the expectation of a loss function. The optimization process is then converted into a linear program and can be solved by interior point methods. Interior point methods used in this skripsi refers to the Frisch-Newton algorithm. Later in this skripsi, quantile regression will be applied to the two data each has different characteristics."

"ABSTRAKPemanfaatan pelayanan akupunktur di Puskesmas merupakan pelayanan pelengkap yang diharapkan dapat mempercepat proses penyembuhan pasien, akan tetapi penyelenggaraannya belum berjalan secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui determinan pengguna pelayanan akupunktur di 2 Puskesmas Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan Tahun2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan disain cross sectional, pengumpulan data melalui pengisian kuesioner pada 86 pasien yang mendapatkan terapi akupunktur di 2 puskesmas Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan yang diambil secara simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan pelayanan akupunktur di 2 Puskesmas Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan adalah 3.76 kali kunjungan per pasien. Sebagian besar penggunapelayanan akupunktur berjenis kelamin perempuan dan berpendidikan SMU keatas. Pengetahuan, pendidikan, persepsi responden terhadap sikap petugas dan dukungan teman sebaya dianalisis tidak berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan pelayanan akupunktur di 2 puskesmas Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan, sedangkan variabel jenis kelamin merupakan variabel yang secara signifikan berpengaruh (p=0.024) dan diasumsikan sebagai variabel yang dominan dalam kaitannya dengan Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Akupunktur di 2 Puskesmas Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan.

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ABSTRACTThe utilization of acupuncture health service in public health center as a complementary is expected to speed up the healing process, but the implementation of acupuncture health service is not running optimally. The aim of the study is to know the user determinant of acupunture health service in 2 public health center in South of Jakarta 2016. This is a cross sectional study, using questionnare to 86 participants who get acupuncture therapy in 2 publichealth center and taken by simple random sampling. The results of the study showed that the utilization level of acupuncture health services is 3.76 times per visit patients. Most of acupuncture health service user are woman and educated senior high school and above. Knowledge, the perception of atittude of the officers and support of peers analyzed is not related with the utilization of acupuncture health service in 2 public health center in South Jakarta 2016, while gender is a variable that significantly affect (p=0.024) and assumed as adominant variable in relation with the utilization of acupuncture health service in 2 public health in South Jakarta 2016."

"Bentuk tradisional akupunktur didasarkan pada rangsangan titik akupunktur pada tubuh dengan menyisipkan jarum logam, tusuk jarum merupakan mekanisme biologis yang dapat memengaruhi aktivasi intrinsik dan ekstrinsik setelah stimulasi titik akupunktur. Beberapa penelitian efek pengobatan terapi akupunktur klinis Diabetes Mellitus terutama Non Insulin tergantung efektivitas tipe berat atau ringannya penyakit, pengaruh itu akan lebih baik blla dikombinasi dengan mengendalikan diet dan melakukan latihan lebih akan mempercepat pemulihan. Penelitian modem menunjukkan bahwa terapi akupunktur dapat mengontrol tingkat gula darah, terutama dengan menyesuaikan tingkat molekul insulin, meningkatkan sekresi insulin, mengontrol kembali, dan mengatur sistem saraf pusat. Dari semua fungsi yang paling penting peningkatan reseptor sel sa saran oleh insulin. Pendekatan dasar penelitian untuk laboratorium hewan (kelinci dan tikus) oleh stimulasi elektro, streptozotocin dan injeksi aloksan monohidrat korelasi morphofunction memvisualisasikan sel 13 pankreas. reseptor insulin dan profillistrik tilik pankreas tertentu di permukaan tubuh. Hubungan antara biofisik, morfologi dan studi fiswlogis titik akupunktur pada he wan diabetes dan pasien diabetes untuk dasar model akupunktur sebagai pengobatan altematif untuk diabetes mellitus. "

"By comparing the publications on acupuncture by Korean and by Chinese researchers in ISI databases, this study analyses the number of the number of the publications, frequency of citations, the impact factors of the publication journals, the researchers' outputs and cooperation among institutes, document types and the subject areas which the publications belong to...."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang:Migren adalah serangan nyeri kepala primer, bersifat spesifik,paroksismal, dengan atau tanpa aura, dengan manifestasi subjektif baik sebelummaupun sesudah serangan, merupakan nyeri kepala tipe kronik dengan gejala rekurensi,menyerang usia produktif dan dapat menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas kerja hingga80%, sehingga akan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup dan kehidupan perekonomian danpendidikan secara global yang mengarah kepada kerugian bagi penderita migren daninstitusi tempat penderita migren bersekolah ,bekerja serta dalam kehidupan keluargapenderita. Dengan tingginya angka prevalensi dan disabilitas pada penderita migren,dilain pihak sampai saat ini pengobatan yang tepat terhadap migren belum didapatkansecara maksimal maka diperlukan pendalaman dalam pengobatan maupun pencegahanmigren sangat dibutuhkan., dan sampai saat ini belum didapatkan obat yang pasti, baikterhadap pencegahan dan pengobatan, sehingga perlu dikembangkan terapi yang dapatmemberikan pertolongan yang lebih akurat pada penderita migrenTujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai keberhasilan dalam penatalaksanaan migren dalammengurangi frekuensi serangan, mengurangi intensitas serangan dan mengurangi durasiserangan dari minggu ke-0,ke-4 hingga ke-8. Metode: Uji klinis acak tersamar tunggaldengan kontrol dilakukan terhadap 34 subjek dengan migren yang dialokasikan secaraacak kedalam kelompok manual akupunktur (n=17), serta kelompok medikamentosa(n=17). Penilaian menilai frekuensi, durasi dan intensitas serangan migren yang dinilaipada saat sebelum perlakuan, minggu ke-4 dan minggu ke-8 dari baseline. Hasil: Hasilpenelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kedua kelompok padarerata jumlah frekuensi (p=0,040), durasi (p=0,012) dan intensitas (p=0,003) seranganmigren pada minggu ke-4 dibandingkan dengan medikamentosa. Serata terdapatperbedaan yang bermakna antara kedua kelompok pada rerata jumlah jumlah frekuensi(p=0,029), durasi (p=0,001) dan intensitas (p<0,001) serangan migren pada minggu ke-8. Kesimpulan: Intervensi akupunktur manual dapat menurunkan frekuensi, durasi danintensitas serangan migren lebih baik dibandingkan dengan preventif farmakologi asamvalproat pada minggu ke-4 dan minggu ke-8.

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ABSTARCTMigraine is a primary headache attack, specific, paroxysmal, with or without aura, with subjective manifestations both before and after the attack, a chronictype of headache with symptoms of recurrence, attacks at productive age and can cause a decrease in work productivity up to 80%, so that it will affect the quality of life, economic life and education globally which leads to losses for migraine sufferers andinstitutions where migraine sufferers attend school, work and in the lives of sufferersfamilies. With the high prevalence and disability rates for migraine sufferers, on theother hand, the right treatment for migraine has not yet been obtained to the maximum,it is necessary to deepen the treatment and prevention of migraine is needed, and untilnow there has been no definitive cure, both for prevention and treatment, so it isnecessary to develop therapies that can provide more accurate relief for migrainesufferers. The purpose of this study is to assess the success in managing migraine inreducing the frequency of attacks, reducing the intensity of attacks and reducing theduration of attacks from weeks 0, 4 to 8. Methods: A randomized controlled trial withcontrol was conducted on 34 subjects with migraine who were randomly allocated intothe manual group of acupuncture (n = 17), as well as the medicine group (n = 17). Theassessment of frequency, duration and intensity of migraine attacks assessed at the timebefore treatment, at the fourth and eight week from baseline. Results: The resultsshowed there were significant differences between the two groups in the mean numberof frequencies (p = 0.040), duration (p = 0.012) and intensity (p = 0.003) of migraineattacks at the fourth week. There were significant differences between the two groups inthe average number of frequencies (p= 0.029), duration (p=0.001) and intensity(p<0.001) of migraine attacks at the eight week. Conclusion: Manual acupunctureinterventions can reduce the frequency, duration and intensity of migraine attacksbetter than the use of valproic acid in the fourth and eight week."

"Fisik yang tidak aktif menempati peringkat keempat dalam daftar faktor risiko kematian. Bukti ilmiah semakin banyak mendukung bahwa dengan menjadikan latihan fisik sebagai bagian dari gaya hidup, dapat menurunkan risiko terjadinya berbagai penyakit. Namun, kelelahan otot dan nyeri otot juga banyak dirasakan oleh orang tidak terlatih yang baru memulai latihan. Penumpukan asam laktat di dalam otot sering dihubungkan dengan terjadinya kelelahan otot dan nyeri otot ini, yang akan memengaruhi kenyamanan melakukan latihan fisik. Saat ini, belum ada obat – obatan ataupun intervensi yang direkomendasikan secara resmi untuk menunda munculnya kelelahan otot atau nyeri otot. Penelitian ini menilai pengaruh akupunktur manual terhadap kenyamanan melakukan latihan fisik yang dievaluasi dengan menilai rerata kadar asam laktat, denyut nadi, tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik, skala Borg untuk menilai tingkat kelelahan, serta Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) untuk menilai nyeri otot. Dua puluh enam pasien dibagi secara acak menjadi dua, kelompok akupunktur manual (n=13) dan akupunktur sham (n=13). Kedua kelompok menerima seri akupunktur yang sama, sebanyak 12 sesi dengan jarak 1 – 3 hari. Kedua kelompok juga melakukan latihan fisik yang sama, yaitu treadmill dengan intensitas sedang selama sepuluh menit, sebelum dan setelah seri terapi akupunktur. Penilaian rerata kadar asam laktat, denyut nadi, tekanan darah, skala Borg, dan VAS dilakukan dua kali, yaitu setelah latihan fisik sebelum memulai terapi pertama dan setelah latihan fisik setelah terapi terakhir. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada rerata kadar asam laktat, denyut nadi, tekanan darah sistolik, tekanan darah diastolik, skala Borg, dan VAS pada kelompok akupunktur manual dibandingkan akupunktur sham. Rerata kadar asam laktat setelah terapi akupunktur 12 kali (p = 0,041). Rerata denyut nadi setelah terapi akupunktur 12 kali (p = 0,042). Rerata tekanan darah sistolik setelah terapi akupunktur 12 kali  (p = 0,024). Rerata tekanan darah diastolik setelah terapi akupunktur 12 kali (p = 0,035). Skala Borg setelah terapi akupunktur 12 kali (p = 0,043). VAS setelah terapi akupunktur 12 kali (p = 0,049). Penemuan ini menunjukkan bahwa terapi akupunktur manual memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap kenyamanan melakukan latihan fisik.

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Physical inactivity ranks fourth in the list of risk factors for death. Scientific evidence increasingly supports that by making physical exercise a part of lifestyle, it can reduce the risk of various diseases. However, muscle fatigue and muscle aches are also felt by many untrained people who are just starting training. The buildup of lactic acid in the muscles is often associated with the occurrence of muscle fatigue and muscle pain, which will affect the comfort of doing physical exercise. At present, there are no drugs or officially recommended interventions to delay the appearance of muscle fatigue or muscle aches. This study assessed the effect of manual acupuncture on the comfort of physical exercise which was evaluated by assessing the mean levels of lactic acid, pulse, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the Borg scale to assess the level of fatigue, and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess muscle pain. Twenty-six patients were randomly divided into two groups, manual acupuncture (n = 13) and sham acupuncture (n = 13). Both groups received the same series of acupuncture, with 12 sessions spaced 1-3 days. Both groups also did the same physical exercise, which was a treadmill with moderate intensity for ten minutes, before and after the acupuncture therapy series. The average assessment of lactic acid levels, pulse rate, blood pressure, the Borg scale, and VAS was carried out twice, namely after physical exercise before starting the first therapy and after physical exercise after the last therapy. The results showed that there were significant differences in the average levels of lactic acid, pulse, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, Borg scale, and VAS in the manual acupuncture group compared to sham acupuncture. Average lactic acid levels after acupuncture therapy 12 times (p = 0.041). Mean pulse rate after acupuncture therapy 12 times (p = 0.042). The mean systolic blood pressure after acupuncture therapy was 12 times (p = 0.024). Average diastolic blood pressure after acupuncture therapy 12 times (p = 0.035). Borg scale after acupuncture therapy 12 times (p = 0.043). VAS after acupuncture therapy 12 times (p = 0.049). These findings indicate that manual acupuncture therapy has a better effect on the comfort of physical exercise."

"[ABSTRAKNyeri dan kecemasan merupakan hal yang normal ketika ibu menghadapipersalinan, namun jika mengalami nyeri dan kecemasan yang berlebihan akanmenimbulkan komplikasi selama proses persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh paket Touching, Massage, Acupressure (T.M.A) olehkeluarga terhadap nyeri persalinan dan proses persalinan. Penelitian inimerupakan operasional research. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 94 ibu hamil yangdibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu 47 orang sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 47kelompok kontrol yang diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling.Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner FPRS, FAS, lembar observasi prosespersalinan dan wawancara. Hasil wawancara keluarga mengatakan bahwapengetahuan keluarga bertambah dan adanya manfaat setelah penerapan paketT.M.A. Hasil uji statistik dengan menggunakan Chi Square menunjukan bahwaada perbedaan yang bermakna pada proses persalinan (power, p=0,028);passanger p=0,006; passageway p=0,048; position p=0,048; psikologis p=0,000)dan nyeri persalinan (p=0,003) antara kedua kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Halini menunjukan bahwa pendampingan keluarga dengan menggunakan paketT.M.A berpengaruh terhadap proses persalinan dan nyeri persalinan. Paket T.M.Adiharapkan menjadi intervensi non farmakologis dalam keperawatan untukmenurunkan nyeri dan kecemasan pada ibu bersalin.

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ABSTRAKPain and anxiety is normal when a mother facing labor. Excessive pain andanxiety will cause complications during childbirth. This research aimed to knowthe effect of touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) by the family to thepain of labor and delivery process. This research operasional research. Thesample were 94 pregnant women that divided into two groups: 47 as interventiongroup and 47 control group that taken with consecutive sampling technique.Collection data using questionnaires FPRS, FAS and observation sheet deliveryprocess. The results obtained in the interview, participant said that familyknowledge has increased and they feel the benefit of the TMA package. Thequantitatif result showed there was a significant difference in labor process(power, p=0,028); passenger p=0,006; passageway p=0,048; position p=0,048;psychological response p=0,000) and pain (p=0,003) between the intervention andcontrol groups. This shows that the family what used TMA package influence onlabor process and pain. Touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) isexpected as an intervention non farmakologis in decreased pain and anxietymaternal.;Pain and anxiety is normal when a mother facing labor. Excessive pain andanxiety will cause complications during childbirth. This research aimed to knowthe effect of touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) by the family to thepain of labor and delivery process. This research operasional research. Thesample were 94 pregnant women that divided into two groups: 47 as interventiongroup and 47 control group that taken with consecutive sampling technique.Collection data using questionnaires FPRS, FAS and observation sheet deliveryprocess. The results obtained in the interview, participant said that familyknowledge has increased and they feel the benefit of the TMA package. Thequantitatif result showed there was a significant difference in labor process(power, p=0,028); passenger p=0,006; passageway p=0,048; position p=0,048;psychological response p=0,000) and pain (p=0,003) between the intervention andcontrol groups. This shows that the family what used TMA package influence onlabor process and pain. Touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) isexpected as an intervention non farmakologis in decreased pain and anxietymaternal.;Pain and anxiety is normal when a mother facing labor. Excessive pain andanxiety will cause complications during childbirth. This research aimed to knowthe effect of touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) by the family to thepain of labor and delivery process. This research operasional research. Thesample were 94 pregnant women that divided into two groups: 47 as interventiongroup and 47 control group that taken with consecutive sampling technique.Collection data using questionnaires FPRS, FAS and observation sheet deliveryprocess. The results obtained in the interview, participant said that familyknowledge has increased and they feel the benefit of the TMA package. Thequantitatif result showed there was a significant difference in labor process(power, p=0,028); passenger p=0,006; passageway p=0,048; position p=0,048;psychological response p=0,000) and pain (p=0,003) between the intervention andcontrol groups. This shows that the family what used TMA package influence onlabor process and pain. Touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) isexpected as an intervention non farmakologis in decreased pain and anxietymaternal., Pain and anxiety is normal when a mother facing labor. Excessive pain andanxiety will cause complications during childbirth. This research aimed to knowthe effect of touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) by the family to thepain of labor and delivery process. This research operasional research. Thesample were 94 pregnant women that divided into two groups: 47 as interventiongroup and 47 control group that taken with consecutive sampling technique.Collection data using questionnaires FPRS, FAS and observation sheet deliveryprocess. The results obtained in the interview, participant said that familyknowledge has increased and they feel the benefit of the TMA package. Thequantitatif result showed there was a significant difference in labor process(power, p=0,028); passenger p=0,006; passageway p=0,048; position p=0,048;psychological response p=0,000) and pain (p=0,003) between the intervention andcontrol groups. This shows that the family what used TMA package influence onlabor process and pain. Touching package, Massage, Acupressure (TMA) isexpected as an intervention non farmakologis in decreased pain and anxietymaternal.]"