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"The book addresses the basics, applications, and manufacturing of plasmid biopharmaceuticals. The survey of the most relevant characteristics of plasmids provides the basics for designing plasmid products (applications) and processes (manufacturing). Key features that the authors include in the book are: i) consistency and clear line of direction, ii) an extensive use of cross-referencing between the individual chapters, iii) a rational integration of chapters, iv) appellative figures, tables and schemes, and v) an updated, but selected choice of references, with a focus on key papers."

"This book introduces social manufacturing, the next generation manufacturing paradigm that covers product life cycle activities that deal with Internet-based organizational and interactive mechanisms under the context of socio-technical systems in the fields of industrial and production engineering. Like its subject, the book's approach is multi-disciplinary, including manufacturing systems, operations management, computational social sciences and information systems applications. It reports on the latest research findings regarding the social manufacturing paradigm, the architecture, configuration and execution of social manufacturing systems and more. Further, it describes the individual technologies enabled by social manufacturing for each topic, supported by case studies. The technologies discussed include manufacturing resource minimalization and their socialized reorganizations, blockchain models in cybersecurity, computing and decision-making, social business relationships and organizational networks, open product design, social sensors and extended cyber-physical systems, and social factory and inter-connections.This book helps engineers and managers in industry to practice social manufacturing, as well as offering a systematic reference resource for researchers in manufacturing. Students also benefit from the detailed discussions of the latest research and technologies that will have been put into practice by the time they graduate."

"This book reports on the latest research and applications in the fields of sustainable manufacturing and remanufacturing, as well as process planning and optimization technologies. It introduces innovative algorithms, methodologies, industrial case studies and applications.It focuses on two topics: sustainable manufacturing for machining technologies and remanufacturing of waste electronic equipment, and various methods are covered for each one, including macro process planning, dynamic scheduling, selective disassembly planning and cloud-based disassembly planning. The experimental analysis provided for every method explains the benefits, as well as how they are sustainable for various real-world applications.This book is a valuable resource for researchers in sustainable manufacturing, remanufacturing and product lifecycle management communities, as well as practicing engineers and decision-makers in industry and all those interested in sustainable product development. It is also useful reading material for postgraduates and academics wanting to conduct relevant research, and a reference resource for manufacturing engineers developing innovative tools and methodologies."

"Kuantitasi DNA mitokondria antarjaringan memerlukan suatu metodeyang memiliki tingkat akurasi yang tinggi. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)adalah suatu metode enzimatis yang dilakukan untuk memperbanyakfragmen DNA yang diinginkan. PCR dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kuantitasiDNA dan disebut teknik PCR kuantitatif. Ada dua macam metode dalamteknik PCR kuantitatif yang sering digunakan, yaitu metode regresi linier danmetode koampi ifikasi kompetitif.Pada penelitian mi telah direkayasa plasmid yang mengandungfragmen DNA mitokondria termutasi yang berasal dari penderita Leber'shereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) dan plasmid yang mengandung fragmenDNA mitokondnia normal. Plasmid-plasmid tersebut masing-masing disebutplasmid kompetitor dan plasmid target, serta dapat dipergunakan sebagaiDNA kompetitor dan DNA target pada teknik PCR kuantitatif metodekoamplifikasi kompetitif, sedangkan metode regresi tinier hanyamembutuhkan plasmid target. Dengan plasmid tersebut telah diuji tingkatakurasi antara metode regresi tinier dengan metode koamplifikasi kompetitif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode koamplifikasi kompetitif memiliki tingkat akurasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode regresi tinier."

"Penerapan IFRS di Indonesia dilaksanakan secara bertahap sejak tahun 2008 sampai dengan tahun 2015. Hal ini dilakukan agar meningkatkan daya banding laporan keuangan, memberikan informasi yang berkualitas di pasar modal internasional, dan meningkatkan kualitas pelaporan keuangan. Penelitian ini bermaksud menguji pengaruh penerapan IFRS terhadap kualitas laba, khususnya terhadap persistensi laba dan relevansi nilai laba di perusahaan manufaktur. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan sampel 37 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia dari tahun 2009 sampai dengan tahun 2014. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa penerapan IFRS memperlemah persistensi laba perusahaan namun relevansi nilai laba perusahaan meningkat setelah penerapan IFRS.

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The IFRS implementation process proceeded step by step since 2008 until 2015 in order to increase financial report?s comparability, create high quality information in international capital market and increase financial report?s quality.

The purpose of this research is to test the IFRS application?s effect on earning quality, especially on earning persistence and earnings value relevance in manufacturing companies. The samples of this research are 37 manufacturing companies listed at Bursa Efek Indonesia from 2009 until 2014.

The results show that IFRS application reduce companies earning persistence, however companies earnings value relevance increase along with IFRS application."

"Many kinds of linear plasmids-like DNAs,in mitochondria have been reported in higher plants known,from the animal kingdom....."

"The isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited resistance to heavy metals such as cadmium ,chromium, nickel and lead. Plasmid DNA was isolated from P. aeruginosa and designated as pBC 15...."