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"Mechanical A-road transport is a very modern innovation, whose international history may be said to have begun only with the influence of the pneumatic tyre on cycling in the 1890s and the subsequent evolution of the internal combustion engine. The firstdraft of an international air navigation convention, was the first international convention for the regulation of motor traffic signed. International road transport questions may be broadly divided into two categories, the Highway and the Traffic. This book divides some countries such as Europe, Africa, India, Middle East, andAmerica explaining the road freight transport, postal and electricity."

"Tesis ini mengevaluasi kebijakan Reoperasionalisasi Bandara Halim Perdanakusuma (HLP) untuk mengurangi Kepadatan Bandara Internasional Soekarno-Hatta (CGK). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan tidak berkurangnya kepadatan CGK setelah diimplementasikannya kebijakan reoperasionalisasi HLP dan merekomendasikan penegakan disiplin pemanfaatan slot time oleh maskapai penerbangan; penetapan kuota pemanfaatan slot time per season beserta sanksinya; pembenahan sistem antrian dan pengenaan landing fee yang sama untuk seluruh tipe pesawat pada jam sibuk; penerapan sistem dan prosedur operasi bandara secara sistemik dan komprehensif; moratorium penambahan rute penerbangan baru; dan pemberlakuan parking fee progresif.

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The focus of this study is the change in the congestion of The International Airport of Soekarno-Hatta (CGK) after the reoperationalization of Halim Perdanakusuma Airport (HLP). This research is quantitative descriptive interpretive. The data were collected by means of documentation, observation, and in-depth interview. The researcher suggests all related stakeholders to control the use of allocated slot time among airlines; to give punishment on the underusage of allocated slot time; to improve queuing system; to incorporate flat rate charges per aircraft irrespective of size, especially in peak hours; to incorporate systemic and comprehensive procedure regarding airport operations; to incorporate moratorium of new flight permits; and to incorporate progressive parking fee."

"This study aims to scrutinise the transport performance and authenticity as one of the elementsin tourism attributes in relation with behavioural intention. Utilising quantitative approach; datacollected from survey of 384 overseas tourists were used to clarify the research proposition. The studysuggests that transport performance may emerge as one of organic image elements for destinationbrand identity formation, influences cognitive image of overseas tourist but insignificant on tourist’sbehavioural intention. In addition, future spectrum of the transport development in relation withauthenticity indicates its importance for not damaging the destination’s overall profile."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai aspek hukum perlindungan konsumen pengguna jasa angkutan umum jenis angkot di Jakarta. Salah salah satu jasa yang paling sering digunakan atau dinikmati konsumen adalah jasa transportasi angkutan umum jenis angkot yang ada di Jakarta. Konsumen sebagai pengguna jasa transportasi jenis angkot sejatinya mempunyai hak untuk mendapat perlindungan hukum dan pelayanan maksimal. Pentingnya jaminan pemenuhan hak konsumen atas pengguna jasa angkutan umum jenis angkot di DKI Jakarta ini sebenarnya sudah dalam status yang menghawatirkan. Buruknya kualitas pelayanan angkutan umum di perkotaan tidak bisa dilihat secara sektoral saja. Akan tetapi melibatkan semua stakeholder, mulai dari pemerintah, pelaku usaha, dan masyarakat sebagai konsumen tentunya. Salah satu langkah yang harus dilakukan Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam membenahi karut marutnya transportasi yakni dengan membuat Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) bagi angkutan umum di Jakarta. UU No. 22 tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan mengatur bahwa perusahaan angkutan umum wajib memenuhi standar pelayanan minimal termasuk keamanan, keselamatan, kenyamanan, keterjangkauan, kesetaraan, dan keteraturan. Disamping itu juga diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 81 Tahun 2011 Tentang Standar Pelayanan Minimal Bidang Perhubungan Daerah Provinsi dan Daerah Kabupaten/Kota yang meliputi: jaringan pelayanan angkutan jalan, jaringan prasarana angkutan jalan, fasilitas perlengkapan jalan, keselamatan, dan sumber daya manusia (SDM) untuk daerah Provinsi dan untuk daerah Kabupaten/Kota ditambah dengan fasilitas pelayanan pengujian kendaraan bermotor. Serta juga diatur secara tersirat dalam Peraturan Daerah DKI Jakarta Nomor 12 Tahun 2003 Tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan, Kereta Api, Sungai, dan Danau Serta Penyeberangan di Provinsi Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta meliputi sarana dan prasarana serta kewajiban pengemudi kendaraan angkutan umum. Berdasarkan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dan UU No. 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan terdapat pengaturan mengenai hak-hak konsumen dan kewajibankewajiban yang harus dipenuhi pelaku usaha dalam menjalankan kegiatan usahanya. Disamping itu juga terdapat upaya hukum penyelesaian sengketa dan pengaturan mengenai sanksinya.

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This thesis discusses the aspects of consumer protection law type "angkot" of public transport users in Jakarta. Among one of the most frequently used services or the services enjoyed by consumers is the kind of public transportation types of "Angkot" in Jakarta. Consumers as users of transport services actually have the right kind of public transportation to get legal protection and maximum service. Importance of ensuring the fulfillment of the rights of consumers over public transport users types of "Angkot" in Jakarta is already in a worrying state. The poor quality of public transport services in the urban sector cannot be seen alone. However, involving all stakeholders, ranging from government, business, and society as a consumer of course. One of the steps that must be performed in Jakarta Provincial Government to fix the distorted chaotic transport is by making minimum service standards (MSS) for public transport in Jakarta. Law. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Road Transportation requires that public transport companies must meet minimum service standards including security, safety, comfort, affordability, equality, and regularity. Besides, it is also the Minister of Transportation Regulation Number 81 Year 2011 about Minimum Service Standards Provincial Transportation Sector and District / City which includes: road transport network services, network infrastructure, road transport, road equipment facilities, safety, and human resources (HR ) for the region and the province to the Regency / City coupled with testing of motor vehicle service facilities. As well as implicitly stipulated in the Regulation of DKI Jakarta No. 12 Year 2003 on Traffic and Road Transport, Railways, Rivers, and Lakes Crossing well as in the province of Rizal include infrastructure and public transport vehicle drivers obligations. Based on Law no. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection and the Law. 22 of 2009 on Traffic and Transportation are arrangements regarding consumer rights and obligations that must be met businesses in operation. Besides, there is also a legal remedy and dispute resolution arrangements regarding sanctions."

"Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor merupakan salah satu pajak daerah yang paling potensial untuk dikembangkan. Sampai saat ini, basis pengenaan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor di Indonesia masih terbatas pada wealth tax base sehingga terdapat potensi perluasan basis perpajakan berdasarkan tingkat penggunaan kendaraan. Seiring dengan perkembangan kendaraan bermotor listrik berbasis baterai diperlukan suatu kajian untuk mencegah potential loss atas Pendapatan Asli Daerah kedepannya serta mewujudkan equal treatment antara kendaraan bermotor listrik dengan kendaraan bermotor konvensional. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis potensi pengenaan mileage-based road user charge atas kendaraan bermotor listrik berbasis baterai (battery electric vehicle) di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan mencakup studi literatur, studi komparatif, dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat potensi untuk mengenakan mileage-based road user charge pada kendaraan bermotor listrik berbasis baterai kedepannya dengan memperhatikan timing yang tepat yaitu ketika industri dan populasi kendaraan listrik di Indonesia sudah masif serta berada pada jumlah yang layak untuk dipajaki. Terdapat dua alternatif untuk mengenakan mileage-based road user charge atas kendaraan bermotor listrik berbasis baterai. Pertama, redefinisi bobot melalui penambahan unsur berupa kapasitas baterai yang linear dengan jarak. Kedua, reformulasi dasar pengenaan PKB dengan komponen tambahan berupa jumlah kilometer jarak tempuh. Secara keseluruhan, dibutuhkan penyusunan suatu roadmap pemajakan untuk menjadikan mileage-based road user charge sebagai suatu pilihan alternatif pemajakan.

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Motor Vehicle Tax is one of the most potential local taxes to develop. Heretofore, the basis for the imposition of Motor Vehicle Tax in Indonesia is still limited to wealth tax based. Therefore, it could be a potential to expand tax based on the level of vehicle utilization. Along with the growth of battery electric vehicle, a study is needed to prevent the potential loss of local revenue in the future and to establish equal treatment between electric vehicle and conventional vehicle. This research uses a qualitative approach with the focus of analyzing the potential of mileage-based road user charge on battery electric vehicle in DKI Jakarta Province. The data collection methods used in this research are literature studies, comparative studies, and in-depth interview. The result of the research showed that in the future there is potential to impose mileage-based road user charge on battery electric vehicle by considering the right timing when the industry and population of battery electric vehicle in Indonesia is already massive and at a decent amount to be taxed. There are two alternatives to charging mileage-based road user charge on battery electric vehicle. First, redefine the weight through additional element in the form of battery capacity that is linear with the mileage. Second, tax base reformulation of Motor Vehicle Tax in the form of the number of kilometers traveled. Overall, the taxation roadmap arrangement is prominent to consider mileage-based road user charge as a taxation alternative choice."

"ABSTRACTAnalisis kebutuhan armada angkutan umum berbasis jalan pada lingkup trayek ditinjau menggunakan permintaan tertinggi pada trayek sehingga mungkin terdapat potensi kelebihan pasokan jika perbedaan permintaan cukup drastis di tiap segmen trayek. Sehingga, penelitian ini mencoba menjawab apakah terdapat potensi kelebihan pasokan, seberapa signifikan perbedaan hasil perhitungan jumlah armada pada lingkup trayek dengan lingkup jaringan, dan implikasinya pada karakteristik operasional headway dan faktor muat. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membangun perangkat bantu analisis. Kemudian dengan perangkat tersebut jumlah armada tiap trayek dihitung dengan permintaan tertinggi tiap trayeknya, selanjutnya kapasitas statis tiap segmen dihitung dan dianalisis efisiensinya pada jaringan dengan parameter faktor muat rerata seluruh segmen. Jika faktor muat rerata berada dibawah nilai ideal dari rujukan, maka kebutuhan armada di tiap trayek akan dioptimasi dengan Metode Heuristik dan Metode Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG). Hasil menunjukkan, perhitungan jumlah armada dengan lingkup trayek membutuhkan 2257 hingga 3578 armada dan lingkup jaringan membutuhkan 1644 hingga 2673 armada. Headway rerata perhitungan lingkup trayek adalah 3 menit dan hasil lingkup jaringan adalah 5 menit. Hasil perhitungan lingkup trayek untuk faktor muat rerata adalah sebesar 38%, lebih rendah ketimbang hasil lingkup jaringan yaitu 79%. Metode terbaik untuk optimasi jumlah armada pada lingkup jaringan adalah Metode GRG dengan titik awal iterasi adalah hasil perhitungan jumlah armada dari Metode Heuristik.  Dari penelitian ini, perangkat bantu analisis telah dikembangkan, juga dapat disimpulkan terdapat kelebihan pasokan sebesar 54% jumlah armada dengan perhitungan jumlah armada lingkup trayek dibandingkan dengan lingkup jaringan, serta karakteristik operasional headway dan faktor muat rerata lingkup jaringan lebih tinggi dibandingkan hasil perhitungan lingkup trayek.

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ABSTRACTFleet number calculation on a route scope is using a highest demand on the route segment so that there may be excess supply potential if the demand difference is quite drastic in each of route segment. Thus, this study attempts to answer whether there is an oversupply potential, how significant the result difference between fleet calculations on the scope of the route with the network scope, and the implications on the operational characteristics of the headway and load factors. The research was conducted by building analytical tools. Then the tool calculates the number of fleets per route, then the static capacity of each segment is calculated and its efficiency on the network is analyzed with the average load factor of all segments parameter. If the average load factor is below the ideal value, then the fleet number in each route will be optimized with the Heuristic Method and Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) Method. The results show, the calculation of the number of fleets with the scope of the route requires 2257 to 3578 fleets and the scope of the network requires 1644 to 2673 fleet. The average headway of the route scope calculation is 3 minutes and the result of the network scope is 5 minutes. The calculation of route scope for average load factor is 38%, lower than the result of network scope that is 79%. The best method for optimizing the number of fleets on a network's scope is the GRG Method with the starting point of the iteration is the calculation results of the Heuristic Method. From this research, the analytical tool has been developed. Also from the research, it can be concluded that there is an oversupply about 54% of the fleet number calculations based on the route scope compared to the network scope, and the operational characteristics of the headway and the load factor of the network scope is higher than the route scope calculation."