Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Prevalensi berat badan lebih dan obesitas meningkat pada wanita usia subur. Obesitas pada kehamilan berhubungan dengan komplikasi kehamilan dan persalinan. Pada obesitas terjadi peningkatan respon inflamasi. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) adalah salah satu mediator inflamasi yang dapat digunakan sebagai penanda inflamasi. Pada kehamilan terjadi peningkatan kadar IL-6 serum akibat proses inflamasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar IL-6 serum dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pada perempuan hamil trimester 1. Penelitian dilakukan di RS Budi Kemuliaan selama bulan Maret 2013 sampai April 2013. Pengambilan subyek dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling, didapatkan 47 orang subyek yang dianalisis. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data karakteristik usia, tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pendapatan, asupan energi total dengan metode tanya ulang serta proporsi karbohidrat, lemak dan protein. Pengukuran antropometri yaitu IMT untuk menilai status gizi dan pemeriksaan laboratorium kadar IL-6 serum. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata usia 27,3±3,9 tahun, asupan energi total 95,7% subyek memiliki asupan kurang dari anjuran angka kecukupan gizi (AKG) Indonesia, 55,3% subyek memiliki berat badan lebih, rerata IMT adalah 23,8+3,7 kg/m2. Hasil pengukuran kadar IL-6 serum didapatkan rerata 1,9±1,2 pg/ml. Didapatkan korelasi positif tidak bermakna antara kadar IL-6 serum dengan IMT pada perempuan hamil trimester 1 (r=0,28, p=0,057).

---

The prevalence of overweight and obesity increases in the reproductive women. Obesity is related to complication in pregnancy dan parturition. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of inflammatory cell that can be used as a marker of inflammation which increases in patient with obesity. Serum IL-6 level had been found increases in pregnancy related to inflammation proccess. The aim of this cross sectional study was to find the correlation between serum IL-6 level and body mass index (BMI) in first trimester pregnancy. Data collection was conducted during March 2013 to April 2013 on Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Jakarta. Subjects were obtained using consecutive sampling method. A total of 47 pregnant women in first trimester subjects had met the study criteria. Data were collected through interviews including age, educational status, income status, total energy intake and proportion of carbohidrat, fat, protein. Anthropometry measurements of BMI to assess the nutritional status and laboratory examination i.e blood levels of IL-6. Mean age was 27,3±3,9 years. Intake of total energy showed that 95.7% of the subjects were less than recommended dietary allowances (RDA). Overweight was occured in 55,3% of the subjects. Mean of BMI was 23,8+3,7 kg/m2. Mean of serum IL-6 levels was 1,9±1,2 pg/ml. No significant correlation was found between serum IL-6 levels and body mass index in first trimester pregnancy (r=0,28, p=0,057)."

"Peningkatan BB selama kehamilan yang tidak optimal akan meningkatkan risiko komplikasi kehamilan, ibu dan anak melalui mekanisme peningkatan IL-6. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi kadar IL-6 serum perempuan hamil trimester 3 dengan peningkatan BB selama kehamilan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari - Februari 2014 di Puskesmas Jatinegara, Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah potong lintang, consecutive sampling, pada 64 subyek perempuan hamil trimester 3 ≥37 minggu. Didapatkan hasil penelitian yaitu 42,2% mempunyai IMT trimester 1 BB lebih, 40,6% mempunyai asupan energi total berlebih dan sesuai anjuran serta rerata peningkatan BB 12,1 (±3,8) kg dengan 40,6% mempunyai peningkatan BB selama kehamilan sesuai rekomendasi IOM. Kadar IL-6 serum perempuan hamil trimester 3 pada penelitian ini adalah 3,067 (0,608 ? 18,207) pg/ml dengan kadar IL-6 serum pada peningkatan BB kurang (3,441 (±1,819) pg/ml) dan lebih (3,017 (1,234?14,083) pg/ml) cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok sesuai (2,707 (0,608?18,207) pg/ml). Didapatkan korelasi positif lemah tidak bermakna antara kadar IL-6 serum perempuan hamil trimester 3 dengan peningkatan BB selama kehamilan (r=0,144, p=0,257) dan analisis kadar IL-6 serum berdasarkan kelompok peningkatan BB selama kehamilan didapatkan hasil tidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,708). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah kadar IL-6 serum berkorelasi lemah dengan peningkatan BB selama kehamilan.

---

Gestational weight gain (GWG) that is not optimal will increase the risk of complications in pregnancy through increasing the IL-6 mechanism. This study aimes to determine the correlation of IL-6 serum levels on third trimester pregnancy with GWG. This is a cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling in 64 pregnant women ≥37 weeks. It was conducted in January-February 2014 at community health centers Jatinegara, Jakarta. The results are most subjects have overweight BMI at 1st trimester (42,2%), most of subjects have either sufficient or excessive total energy intake than the recommendation (40.6%), the majority of the subjects having sufficient GWG based on IOM guidelines (40.6%) with mean GWG is 12.1 (± 3.8) kg. Serum level of IL-6 is 3.067 (0.608-18.207) pg/ml with serum levels of IL-6 in insufficient GWG (3.441 (± 1.819) pg/ml)) and excessive GWG (3.017 (1.234-14.083) pg/ml)) tends to be higher compared with sufficient GWG (2.707 (0.608-18.207) pg/ml)). The correlation of IL-6 serum level on 3rd trimester with GWG is positive, weak and not significant (r = 0.144, p = 0.257). Analysis of IL-6 serum levels within GWG categories show no significant difference between groups (p = 0.708). In conclusion, there is weak correlation between IL-6 serum level on 3rd trimester of pregnancy with GWG."

"Defisiensi besi selama kehamilan adalah salah satu defisiensi gizi yang prevalensinya tetap tinggi di dunia yaitu mencapai 70%. Berat badan kurang merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya defisiensi besi selama kehamilan. Feritin adalah protein cadangan zat besi yang disintesis oleh hati dan dapat meningkat selama peradangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kadar feritin serum dengan indeks massa tubuh pada perempuan hamil trimester 1. Disain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi potong lintang. Penelitian dilakukan di Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat Kramat Jati, Jakarta selama bulan Oktober 2013. Pengambilan subyek dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling. Empat puluh tujuh perempuan hamil trimester 1 didapatkan memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Didapatkan rerata usia 27,79±4,85 tahun, diantara subyek penelitian 5 orang (10,6%) memiliki berat badan kurang, 25 orang (53,2%) berat badan normal dan 17 berat badan lebih (36,2%). Nilai tengah asupan zat besi 23,21 (8,4 ̶ 36,80) mg/hari. Asupan zat besi menunjukkan 66% subyek memiliki asupan zat besi kurang dari Angka Kecukupan Gizi (AKG) Indonesia. Nilai tengah kadar feritin serum 58,1 (4,9 ̶ 139,8) μg/L dan 6,4% subyek tergolong status feritin rendah. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh korelasi positif tidak bermakna antara kadar feritin serum dengan indeks massa tubuh pada perempuan hamil trimester 1 (r=0,097, p=0,52).

---

Iron deficiency during pregnancy is one of nutritional deficiency with high prevalence in the world, reaching up to 70%. Underweight is one of the main risk factors for iron deficiency during pregnancy. Ferritin is an iron storage protein which synthesized in the liver and can be increased during inflammation. The aim of this study was to find out the correlation between serum ferritin levels and body mass index (BMI) in pregnant woman in their first trimester. The design of the study is cross-sectional. Data collection was conducted at Kramat Jati Primary Health Care, Jakarta during October 2013. Subjects were obtained by consecutive sampling method. A total of 47 pregnant women in their first trimester subjects had met the sudy criteria. The mean of maternal age was 27,79±4,85 years, among them are 5 underweight (10,6%), 25 normal weight (53,2%) and 17 overweight (36,2%). Median of iron intake was 23,21 (8,4 ̶ 36,80) mg/day. Intake of iron showed 66% of the subjects had intake of iron less than Indonesian recomended dietary allowance (RDA). Median of serum ferritin levels was 58,1 (4,9 ̶ 139,8) μg/L, while 6,4% of the subjects were catagorized as low ferritin status. No significant correlation was found between serum ferritin levels and BMI in pregnant women in their first trimester (r=0,097, p=0,52)."

"Latar Belakang: Asam folat merupakan salah satu vitamin yang penting bagi embriogenesis, khususnya pembentukan tabung neural. Karena itu, asam folat sangat penting bagi ibu hamil khususnya pada trimester pertama saat terjadinya pembentukan tabung neural. Sudah ada program suplementasi folat yang disebutkan dapat menaikkan konsentrasi kadar folat. Namun, masih belum terdapat informasi mengenai bagaimana status folat ibu hamil di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara asupan asam folat dengan kadar folat darah pada ibu hamil trimester pertama. Metode: Studi cross-sectional dari 119 ibu hamil di RSIA Bunda dan RSIA Budi Kemuliaan pada tahun 2013-2014. Hasil: Dari 119 ibu hamil yang diteliti, nilai tengah usia 28 19 ndash; 35 tahun, sebagian besar 58 tidak bekerja, sebagian besar 52,9 memiliki pendidikan yang tinggi, dan sebagian besar 72,3 memiliki pendapat keluarga sangat tinggi. Terdapat 57,1 responden yang asupan folatnya kurang. Nilai tengah kadar folat darah responden 19,36 10,59-34,94 ng/mL dengan sebaran 58,8 memiliki kadar folat serum normal dan 41,2 memiliki kadar folat serum meningkat. Uji korelasi Spearman yang dilakukan menunjukkan tidak adanya korelasi antara asupan folat dengan kadar folat darah r=0,061; p=0,509. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara asupan asam folat dengan kadar folat darah ibu hamil trimester pertama.

---

Background: Folic acid is one of the vitamins which are important in embryogenesis, particularly neural tube formation. So, folic acid is very important for pregnant women in the first trimester, when formation of neural tube takes place. There has been folate supplementation program that can increase blood folate concentration. But, there has not been adequate information about folate status in pregnant women in Indonesia.

Aim: To know the relation between folic acid intake and blood folate levels in pregnant women in the first trimester.

Methods: Cross sectional study from 119 pregnant women in RSIA Bunda and RSIA Budi Kemuliaan year 2013 2014.

Results: From 119 pregnant women studied, the median of age is 28 19 35 years old, and the majority is working 58, high educated 52,9, and having high income 72.3. There were 57.1 women having low intake of folic acid. The median of blood folate levels is 19.36 10.59 34.84 ng mL which 58.8 has normal serum folate levels and 41.2 has elevated serum folate levels. Spearman corellation test showed no corellation between folic acid intake and blood folate levels r 0.061 p 0.509.

Conclusion: There is no significant relation between folic acid intake and blood folate levels in pregnant women in the first trimester."

"Berat badan bayi merupakan salah satu variabel epidemiologi yang berhubungan dengan mortalitas di tahun pertama kehidupan bayi. Bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) maupun besar masa kehamilan (BMK) berisiko mengalami gangguan pada usia lebih lanjut. Berat badan bayi dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor antara lain asupan gizi ibu dan status gizi ibu. Asupan zat gizi yang optimal akan bermanfaat untuk mendukung perkembangan dan pertumbuhan janin. Peningkatan berat badan ibu juga merupakan faktor ang menentukan outcome bayi. Ibu hamil dengan peningkatan berat badan yang kurang selama kehamilan akan berisiko lebih tinggi melahirkan bayi prematur. Mikrobiota adalah kumpulan mikroorganisme yang hidup berdampingan dengan inangnya. Ditenggarai adanya peran mikrobiota terhadap berat badan lahir bayi. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian Departemen Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia yang bertujuan untuk melihat korelasi antara jumlah mikrobiota usus dan asupan zat gizi ibu hamil trimester ketiga dengan berat badan lahir bayi di Jakarta Timur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan di 10 puskesmas kecamatan se Jakarta Timur pada bulan Februari-April 2015. Dari 315 subjek ibu hamil trimester ketiga yang sesuai kriteria inklusi dan bersedia mengikuti penelitian dengan menanda tangani informed consent, didapatkan 52 subjek yang dapat dianalisis. Subjek yang dapat dianalisis dilakukan pengukuran berat badan (BB), tinggi badan (TB), wawancara asupan makanan, pengukuran sampel feses dan pengukuran berat badan lahir bayi. Sebaran data karakteristik menunjukkan 82,7% subjek berpendidikan menengah rendah, 59,6% memiliki pendapatan dibawah UMP, 82,7% subjek tidak mendapatkan asupan energi yang cukup per harinya, dan 73,1% status gizi trimester pertama subjek tergolong berlebih hingga obese. Pada penelitian ini tidak didapatkan korelasi antara asupan zat gizi ibu hamil trimester ketiga dengan berat badan lahir, dan tidak didapatkan korelasi antara mikrobiota Bifidobacterium (r = 0,134; p>0,05), Lactobacillus (r = -0,118; p>0,05) dan Staphylococcus (r = 0,43; p>0,05) ibu hamil dengan berat badan lahir bayi.

---

Baby birth weight is one epidemiological variables associated with mortality in the first year of life. Both baby with low birth weight (LBW) and large for gestational age (LGA) posses risk of having complication at later age. Birth weight is affected by many factors, such as maternal nutritional intake and nutritional status. Optimal intake of nutrients would be beneficial to support fetal growth and development. Maternal weight gain is also a factor determining the outcome of baby . Pregnant women with less weight gain during pregnancy are at greater risk of premature birth.Microbiota is a group of microorganism coexist with its host. It was suspected that there is a role of the microbiota on birth weight. This study is part of the research in department of nutrition, faculty of medicine, university of Indonesia that aims to see the correlation between the number of guy microbiota and nutritional intake in third semester pregnant women with birth weight in East Jakarta.

This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in 10 distriect health centers throughout East Jakarta in February to April 2015. Of the 315 subjects enrolled, 52 subjects could be analysis. Subjects were measured for body weight (BW), height, food intake interviews, fecal sample measurement and birth weight measurement. Characteristic of the subjects showed that 82,7% has middle to lower education level and 59,6% has revenue under provincial minimal wage. More than eighty percent of subjects did not receive adequate energy intake per day, and 73,1% subjects were categorized as overweight to obese. In this study, there are no correlation between nutrition intake and birth weight. There is also no correlation between gut microbiota Bifidobacterium (r = 0,134; p>0,05), Lactobacillus (r = -0,118; p>0,05) and Staphylococcus (r = 0,43; p>0,05) and birth weight."

"Diet dapat menentukan status seng selama kehamilan. Namun, beberapa penelitian mengenai hubungan antara asupan, pola makan dan kualitas makanan berbasis lokal dengan status seng masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah asupan seng, pola makan berbasis lokal PMBL dan kualitas diet berhubungan dengan kadar serum seng pada ibu hamil Minangkabau. Penelitian cross-sectional ini dilakukan dengan melibatkan 360 ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan antara 16 dan 32 minggu. Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire SFFQ digunakan untuk memperolah data asupan makanan, dan PMBL ditentukan berdasarkan hasil principal component analysis PCA . Penelitian ini mengolah 21 kelompok makanan dengan menggunakan PCA menjadi pola makanan bersumber nabati, pola makanan bersumber ikan, ayam dan jeroan, pola makanan bersumber tepung dan pemanis, pola makanan bersumber daging, pola makanan bersumber ikan masak santan, telur dan kacang-kacangan, pola makanan bersumber seafood/hasil laut dan pola makanan bersumber susu. Kualitas diet dianalisis dengan menggunakan Healthy Eating Index HEI 2010. Kadar serum seng diukur dengan menggunakan metode atomic absorption spectrophotometric. Analisis regresi linier multivariat dilakukan untuk menilai asupan seng, PMBL dan kualitas diet dengan kadar serum seng setelah dikontrol oleh faktor perancu. Rerata kadar serum seng adalah 10.1 2.1 mol/L. Asupan seng secara signifikan berhubungan dengan konsentrasi serum seng setelah dikontrol oleh umur, usia kehamilan, asupan energi, asupan serat, lokasi geografis dan pengeluaran rumah tangga adjusted ? = 0,083, 95 CI: 0,003, 0.163, p < 0.05 . Pola makanan bersumber tepung dan pemanis berbanding terbalik dengan kadar serum seng setelah dikontrol oleh umur, usia kehamilan dan pengeluaran rumah tangga adjusted ? = -0.179, 95 CI: -0,335, -0,023, p < 0.05 ; sedangkan PMBL lainnya tidak berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kadar serum seng. Skor total HEI 2010 tidak berhubungan dengan kadar serum seng pada semua responden, tetapi skor HEI 2010 menunjukkan hasil yang berhubungan di daerah pantai setelah dikontrol oleh umur, usia kehamilan, asupan serat dan asupan fitat adjusted ? = 0.186, 95 CI: 0.066, 0.306, p < 0.05 . Secara keseluruhan, antara asupan seng, pola makanan lokal Minangkabau dengan rendah tepung dan pemanis secara positif mempengaruhi kadar serum seng selama masa kehamilan. Meskipun kualitas diet yang dinilai menggunakan HEI 2010 tidak berhubungan dengan kadar serum seng, tetapi kualitas diet menunjukkan hubungan dengan serum seng pada ibu hamil yang tinggal di daerah pantai.Kata Kunci : pola makan; kehamilan; kadar serum seng; Minangkabau; Indonesia

---

Diet has consequences on zinc status during pregnancy. However, studies focusing on association of dietary intake, pattern and quality in locally produced foods with zinc status are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether zinc intake, local based dietary patterns LBDPs and diet quality are associated with serum zinc concentration among Minangkabau pregnant women. A cross sectional study was conducted involving 360 pregnant women between the 16th and 32nd weeks of gestation. Using dietary data from semi quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, LBDPs were identified by principal component analysis PCA . This study extracted 21 food groups into plant sources, fish, chicken and meat organ sources, flour and sweetness source, meats sources, fish with coconut milk, eggs and nuts sources, seafood sources and milk sources patterns by PCA. Dietary quality was analyzed by using the Healthy Eating Index HEI 2010. Serum zinc concentration was measured by using atomic absorption spectrophotometric methods. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to assess zinc intake, the LBDPs, and diet quality with serum zinc concentration after adjusted for potential confounders. The mean serum zinc concentration of pregnant women was 10.1 2.1 mol L. Zinc intake significant associated with serum zinc concentration after adjusted for age, gestational age, energy intake, fiber intake, geographic location and household rsquo s expenditure adjusted 0.083 95 CI 0.003, 0.163 p 0.05 . The flour and sweetness sources pattern was inversely associated with serum zinc concentration after adjusted for age, gestational age and household rsquo s expenditure adjusted 0.179 95 CI 0.335, 0.023 p 0.05 while the other LBDPs were not significantly associated with serum zinc concentration. The overall HEI 2010 score was not significantly associated with serum zinc concentration in the total subjects, but it was associated in coastal area after adjusted for age, gestational age, fiber and phytate intakes adjusted 0.186, 95 CI 0.066, 0.306, p 0.05 . In conclusion, zinc intake and local based Minangkabau foods with less in flour and sweetness positively influence serum zinc concentration during pregnancy. Although, the dietary quality assessed by the HEI 2010 did not associate with serum zinc concentration, it clearly associated with zinc serum of pregnant women in coastal area.Keywords dietary patterns pregnancy serum zinc Minangkabau Indonesia."

"Ibu hamil merupakan salah satu kelompok yang berisiko mengalami anemia yang disebabkan kurangnya zat besi di dalam tubuh dengan berbagai faktor pencetus. Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi hubungan dukungan suami dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Desain penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional terhadap 60 orang ibu hamil yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara dukungan suami dengan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Bentuk dukungan emosional paling dominan mempengaruhi kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil, dengan p value = 0,021 dan nilai OR 21,592. Rekomendasi penelitian adalah kebijakan melakukan deteksi dini dengan screening Hb, pemberian promosi kesehatan, melakukan asuhan dan pelayanan melibatkan suami, dan meneliti dukungan emosional yang dibutuhkan ibu hamil dengan metode kualitatif.

---

Pregnant women are one of the groups at risk of anemia which was caused by the lack of iron in the body and precipitated by several factors. The aim of research to identify the relationship between their husband's support with the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women. A quantitative descriptive analytic design with cross sectional approach was assigned in this study. Using purposive sampling technique, to 60 pregnant women. The results shows a significant relationship between husband support with the prevalence of anemia in pregnant woman. The emotional support ranked the most powerful support that influence the incidence of anemia in pregnant women, with p value 0,021 and OR 21.592. This study recommends further specific policies which enhance early detection of anemia (Hb screening), the provision of health promotion, care and services which involve husbands, and further qualitative research on emotional support."

"ABSTRAKStatus gizi ibu hamil berperan penting dalam kondisi kehamilan dan bayi yangakan dilahirkan. Masih tingginya kasus risiko KEK pada ibu hamil di KotaCilegon terutama di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jombang memerlukan upaya-upayaterobosan diantaranya melalui upaya perbaikan dan peningkatan pelayanan gizi.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan predisposing factor,enabling factor, need factor terhadap perilaku Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Gizi olehibu hamil dengan risiko KEK di Klinik Gizi Puskesmas Jombang.Desain penelitian ini adalah non eksperimen dengan pengumpulan data secaracross sectional pada data primer yang terdiri dari 178 responden. Penelitiandilakukan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2014, menggunakan kuesioner yang diisi olehresponden. Analisis data dilakukan adalah analisis univariat, analisis bivariatmenggunakan chi square, dan analisis multivariat menggunakan regresi logistikganda model prediksi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi perilaku Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Gizi yangtidak baik lebih besar yaitu 62,4%. Faktor predisposing diantaranya paritas,pengetahuan, sikap, faktor enabling diantaranya dukungan suami, pendapatankeluarga, kepemilikan asuransi, dan faktor need berhubungan signifikan denganPemanfaatan Pelayanan Gizi. Variabel pengetahuan merupakan faktor dominansetelah dikontrol oleh pendapatan keluarga, kepemilikan asuransi, kebutuhan,paritas, sikap, dan dukungan suami.

---

ABSTRACTNutritional status of pregnant women is important condition for pregnancy andthe baby born. The high risk CED cases of among pregnant women in Cilegon,especially in Jombang health center area, required measured in improvednutritional health services.This study aims to determine the influence of predisposing factors, enablingfactors and need factors toward nutritional service utilization behavior by thepregnant women with risk CED in clinical nutrition Jombang health center.This study was non experimental design using cross sectional methode approachin data collection primary data was taken from 178 respondents who were totalpopulation. The study was conducted in March-June 2014, using questionnairescompleted by respondents. Data were analyzed througt univariate, bivariateusing chi square, and multivariate analysis using multiple logistic regression withprediction model.The Results showed that the poor utilization behavior is more than half of therespondents (62,4%). Predisposing factors such as parity, knowledge, attitudes,enabling factors such as support of her husband, family income, insuranceownership, and need factors are associated with nutritional service utilization.Knowledge is found as the must dominant variable measured of utilization inclinical nutrition after controlled by family income, insurance ownership, need,parity, attitudes, and support of her husband ."

"Hipertensi dalam kehamilan merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang merupakan penyebab kematian maternal pada ibu hamil dengan prevalensi di negara maju sekitar 10–20%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar magnesium serum dan korelasinya dengan tekanan darah sistolik, tekanan darah diastolik, serta dengan asupan magnesium. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai bulan April 2013 dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang pada 47 subyek ibu hamil usia 20–35 tahun trimester kedua dan ketiga. Data diperoleh dari wawancara, pengukuran tekanan darah, pengukuran antropometri, penilaian asupan makanan dengan menggunakan Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) semikuantatif serta pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mengetahui kadar magnesium serum. Sebanyak 93,6% subyek berusia 20–30 tahun, dan sebanyak 56,3% berada pada trimester ketiga serta tidak didapatkan riwayat hipertensi dalam keluarga sebesar 89,4%. Status gizi subyek penelitian sebesar 70,2% adalah normal. Sebanyak 68,1% asupan magnesium subyek adalah kurang dengan rerata 237,42 ± 5,183. Kadar magnesium serum subyek penelitian sebesar 89,4% termasuk normal dengan rerata 1,92 ± 0,2. Berdasarkan nilai tekanan darah sistolik sebanyak 74,5% termasuk ke dalam kategori prehipertensi dengan median 120(110-160) dan median tekanan darah diastolik adalah 80(70-100). Dengan uji korelasi tidak ditemukan korelasi antara kadar magnesium serum dengan tekanan darah sistolik (r = -0,249, p = 0,091) dan tekanan darah diastolik (r = -0,257, p = 0,081) serta dengan asupan magnesium (r = 0,119, p = 0,424).

---

Hipertension in pregnancy is one of the health problem and may cause maternal mortality with the prevalence is 10–20%. The aim of this study was to know serum magnesium level in primigravida and its correlation with sistolic and diastolic blood pressure and magnesium intake. This study is conducted in March–April 2013, it was a cross sectional study of 47 primigravida subjects aged 20–35 years old. Data were obtained from interview, dietary assessment using semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), blood pressure and anthropometric measurement, and blood test to obtain serum magnesium levels. Of the subjects, 93.6% in 20−35 years old, and 56.3% in 3nd trimester, 89.4% with no history of hypertension in family, and 70.2% body mass index is normal. 68.1% had low magnesium intakes with mean 237.42 ± 5.183 mg/day and 89.4% had normal serum magnesium levels with mean1.92 ± 0.2 mg/dL. Based on systolic blood pressure, there were 74.5% was categorized as prehypertension, with median of systolic blood pressure was 120(110-160) mm Hg and median of diastolic blood pressure was 80(70-100) mm Hg. There was no correlation between serum magnesium levels and systolic blood pressure (r = -0.249, p = 0.091) and between serum magnesium levels and diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.257, p = 0.081) and also with magnesium intakes (r = -0.119, p = 0.424)."

"This study was carried out to analyze the serum vitamin A / carotene concentration among Indonesian full term neonates in relation to maternal nutritional status and nutrients intake. One hundred and eight couples' (mothers + neonates) were recruited for the study. The serum vitamin A/carotene concentrate ion was determined by High Pressure Liquid Chromotography (HPLC) and Ultraviolet Absorbance/Spectrophotometric method (IVACG, 1982) and the dietary nutrient intake of the mothers was analyzed using a 2 day/24 hours recall method. Seventy one (67%) of the neonates were suffering from low vitamin A level ( (20 g/dl), the rest 35 (33%) were at an adequate vitamin A level (>20 / g/dl) and 13 (12%) of the mothers were suffering from low vitamin A level ( <20 /4g/di), the rest 95 (88%) were at an adequate vitamin A level. That mean serum vitamin A/carotene of the neonates was lower than those of their mothers. The mean serum vitamin A of the mothers was 30.7 ,wg/dl - v.53 and mean serum carotene of the mothers was 124.23g/dl - 49.66. The study concluded that there was no significant correlation between serum vitamin A of the neonates and serum vitamin A of their mothers (p } 0.1). It was found that? serum vitamin .A concentration and serum carotene of the mothers were positively correlated; also maternal serum carotene was positively related to serum carotene of the neonates. The beta-carotene intake, fat intake, protein intake were positively related to serum vitamin A of the mothers. Further investigation using larger numbers of samples and more controlled method was suggested to -scrutinize the influences of gestational age, dietary nutrients intake on the serum of vitamin A/carotene of the mothers. The study also pointed out the importance of providing .the pregnant mothers with sound information about nutrition in pregnancy."