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"Willard Van Orman Quine's work revolutionized the fields of epistemology, semantics and ontology. At the heart of his philosophy are several interconnected doctrines: his rejection of conventionalism and of the linguistic doctrine of logical and mathematical truth, his rejection of the analytic/synthetic distinction, his thesis of the indeterminacy of translation and his thesis of the inscrutability of reference. In this book Edward Becker sets out to interpret and explain these doctrines. He offers detailed analyses of the relevant texts, discusses Quine's views on meaning, reference and knowledge, and shows how Quine's views developed over the years. He also proposes a new version of the linguistic doctrine of logical truth, and a new way of rehabilitating analyticity. His rich exploration of Quine's thought will interest all those seeking to understand and evaluate the work of one of the most important philosophers of the second half of the twentieth century."

"This book covers W. V. Quine's philosophic career from his early radical empiricism and behaviorism through his development of a series of skeptical doctrines regarding meaning, reference, and science."

"ABSTRAKThomas Samuel Kuhn menggagas bahwa perkembangan ilmiah bersifat revolutif. Gagasannya disampaikan lewat bukunya yang berjudul lsquo;The Structure of Scientific Revolutions rsquo; lsquo;SSR rsquo; . Dalam SSR, kata lsquo;paradigma rsquo; bermakna ambivalen. Akibatnya, penjelasan Kuhn tentang revolusi ilmiah menjadi inkonsisten. Ada revolusi ilmiah yang disebabkan krisis, ada revolusi ilmiah yang terjadi tanpa krisis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuktikan bahwa revolusi ilmiah terjadi tanpa krisis. Pembuktian dilakukan dengan menganalisis ambivalensi makna lsquo;revolusi ilmiah rsquo;, dengan memetakan pemaknaan Kuhn berdasarkan teori heteronim dari W. V. O. Quine. Kemudian, menguji konsistensi argumen Kuhn. Revolusi ilmiah terjadi tanpa krisis karena pelakunya adalah individu, dan anomali bersifat terantisipasi oleh ilmu.

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ABSTRACTKuhn's notion of scientific revolution are contained by his book ldquo The Structure of Scientific Revolutions rdquo . In his book, lsquo paradigm rsquo has an ambivalent meaning. That ambivalent meaning is the cause of Kuhn rsquo s inconsistency for explaining scientific revolution. In one aspect, scientific revolution can be happened with crises. In another aspect, scientific revolution can be happened without crises. The ambivalent meaning of lsquo paradigm rsquo is analyzed through Quine rsquo s theory of heteronymity. The aim of this research is to prove that ldquo scientific revolution can be happened without crises rdquo is the most consistent explanation for scientific revolution, because the agent of scientific revolution is individual, and anomalies is always anticipated by sciences."