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"Salah satu penyebab terjadinya korban jiwa pada suatu kejadian kebakaran di gedung adalah penghuni gedung yang tidak cepat terevakuasi. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai evaluasi terhadap sarana ERP yang ada di gedung GPA dan MO PT Pupuk Kujang, serta memberikan gambaran proses evakuasi jika terjadi keadaan darurat dalam gedung tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi sarana ERP di kedua gedung dan gambaran bagaimana proses evakuasi dilakukan jika terjadi keadaan darurat.Untuk sarana ERP, seperti sarana jalan keluar, pintu darurat, tangga darurat, penerangan darurat, petunjuk arah evakuasi dan tempat berkumpul belum sepenuhnya memenuhi standar yang ditentukan dari NFPA 101 dan Permen PU No. 26/PRT/M/2008. Untuk prosedur tanggap darurat, mulai dari perencanaan sampai penanggulangan sudah terdokumentasi dengan baik pada “Prosedur Emergency dan Evakuasi”, namun prosedur tanggap darurat tersebut merupakan prosedur untuk tanggap darurat di pabrik, bukan di gedung. Kemudian dalam prosedur tersebut, ada beberapa elemen yang tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan dalam ISRS, yaitu jumlah personil P3K dan peralatan P3K yang masih belum mencukupi kuantitasnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis menyarankan agar pihak perusahaan membuat prosedur dan tim tanggap darurat gedung secara khusus, untuk meningkatkan performa kinerja K3 dan tim penanggulangan keadaan darurat dalam memenuhi semua komponen penunjang proses evakuasi di gedung. Antara lain lebih meningkatkan kegiatan inspeksi untuk sarana ERP, redesain sarana ERP bila memungkinkan, mengadakan pelatihan keadaan darurat di kedua gedung secara rutin dan menambah jumlah personil P3K.

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One of the causes of loss of life in a fire incident in a building is a building that is not fast occupants evacuated. This study discusses the evaluation of the facility Emergency Response Preparedness (ERP) in the Gedung Pusat Admnistrasi (GPA) and the Maintenance Office building (MO) PT Pupuk Kujang, as well as provide an overview of the evacuation in the event of an emergency in the building. This type of research uses descriptive design based on observations and interviews. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of the means of ERP in both the building and an idea of how the evacuation process to do if an emergency occurs. For means of ERP, as a means of escape, emergency exit, fire escape stairs, emergency lighting, evacuation directions and a assembly point not fully comply with specified standards of NFPA No. 101 and Permen PU. 26/PRT/M/2008. For emergency response procedures, ranging from planning to response has been well documented in the "Prosedur Emergency dan Evakuasi", but the procedure is an emergency response procedures for emergency response in the plant, not in the building. Later in the procedure, there are some elements that are not in accordance with the provisions of the ISRS, the number of personnel and equipment P3K are still not sufficient quantity. Based on these results, the authors suggested that the company establish procedures and emergency response teams in particular buildings, to improve the performance of the K3 performance and emergency response team to meet all the components supporting the evacuation of the building. Among other inspection activities to further improve the means of ERP, ERP redesigning facilities when possible, emergency training in the two buildings on a regular basis and increase the number of personnel P3K."

"Bangunan bertingkat tinggi seperti gedung perkantoran yang berlokasi di wilayah padat penduduk dengan aktivitas tinggi seperti DKI Jakarta rentan dan berisiko tinggi terhadap bahaya kebakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan sistem tanggap darurat kebakaran di gedung kantor PT X berdasarkan elemen dalam NFPA 1600 edisi 2019: Standard on Continuity, Emergency, and Crisis Management dan Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum Nomor 20/PRT/M/2009. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi langsung, serta telaah dokumen perusahaan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis kesesuaiannya terhadap standar NFPA 1600 edisi 2019 dan Permen PU No. 20/PRT/M/2009. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total persentase elemen NFPA 1600 edisi 2019 yang terpenuhi sebesar 91,58%, terpenuhi sebagian sebesar 4,49%, tidak terpenuhi sebesar 1,68%, dan tidak dapat diaplikasikan sebesar 2,24%. Sedangkan total persentase elemen Permen PU No. 20/PRT/M/2009 yang terpenuhi sebesar 87,50% dan terpenuhi sebagian sebesar 12,50%. Secara keseluruhan, penerapan sistem tanggap darurat terhadap bahaya kebakaran di gedung kantor PT X sudah baik, namun terdapat beberapa aspek yang perlu dievaluasi kembali oleh perusahaan seperti struktur tim tanggap darurat, penilaian risiko gedung terhadap bahaya kebakaran, serta prosedur pemulihan dari insiden kebakaran.

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High-rise buildings such as office buildings located in densely populated areas with high activity such as DKI Jakarta are vulnerable and have a high risk of fire hazard. This study aims to analyze the emergency response preparedness for fire hazards in the PT X office building based on the elements in the 2019 edition of NFPA 1600: Standard on Continuity, Emergency, and Crisis Management and Permen PU Nomor 20/PRT/M/2009. This research design uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The data used are primary and secondary data collected through interviews, direct observation, and review of company documents. The collected data was analyzed by comparing it with the 2019 edition of the NFPA 1600 standard and Permen PU No. 20/PRT/M/2009. The study results showed that the total percentage of elements of the 2019 edition of NFPA 1600 that were fulfilled was 91.58%, partially fulfilled was 4.49%, not fulfilled was 1.68%, and not applicable was 2.24%. Meanwhile, the total percentage of elements of Permen PU No. 20/PRT/M/2009 that were fulfilled was 87.50% and partially fulfilled was 12.50%. Overall, the implementation of emergency response preparedness for fire hazards in PT X's office building is good, but there are several aspects that need to be re-evaluated by the company such as the structure of the emergency response team, building risk assessment for fire hazards, and recovery procedures from fire incidents."

"Proteksi sarana kebakaran merupakan hal mutlak yang diperlukan oleh setiap perusahaan. Dengan adanya proteksi sarana kebakaran, maka bangunan perusahaan akan mendapatkan proteksi untuk mencegah kebakaran sehingga keamanan dan keselamatan karyawan di perusahaan tersebut akan lebih terjamin. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah proteksi kebakaran di perusahaan sudah memenuhi standar atau belum. Metode pada penelitian ini merupakan deksriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan aplikasi CFSES yang berbasis NFPA.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proteksi gedung utama PT Pertamina yang sudah memenuhi standar yaitu konstruksi bangunan, segredasi dari bahaya, sprinkler, detektor asap, interior finish, jalur evakuasi, sistem pintu keluar, dan program kedaruratan. Yang harus diperbaiki yaitu bukaan vertikal, sistem alarm kebakaran dan kontrol asap, sedangkan yang harus ditambahkan untuk memenuhi kriteria CFSES yaitu pressurize fan pada tangga darurat. Dengan kondisi sekarang dan mengacu pada CFSES bahwa proteksi gedung utama PT Pertamina belum memenuhi standar.

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Fire protection system is indispensable for every company. If company have fire protection system, the company’s construction will get protection to prevent the fire, so that the security and safety of employees to be more secure. The purpose of this study was to see whether the fire protection has a standard or not. The method in this research is descriptive quantitative by using application CFSES which use NFPA to the theory. The result showed that the main protection of PT Pertamina which meet the standard are building construction, segredation of hazard, sprinkler, smoke control.

The result which not meet the standard are vertical opening,fire alarm systems and smoke control, the fire protection who must be added to comply to CFSES criteria is pressurize fan on the fire escape. With this condition, based on CFSES, this main building did not meet the standard."

"Pertumbuhan pembangunan gedung bertingkat maupun perkantoran yang terus meningkat memiliki potensi akan bahaya dan bencana misalnya kebakaran sehingga perlu diperhatikan sistem tanggap darurat guna meminimalisir dampak kerugian baik dari segi material maupun manusia melalui upaya mitigasi, pencegahan, dan deteksi dini.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran sistem tanggap darurat (Emergency Response Preparedness) pada fase pra, saat, maupun pasca kebakaran di Gedung Balaikota Depok berdasarkan NFPA 1600 edisi 2013: Standard on Disaster/Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa sistem tanggap darurat bahaya kebakaran di gedung Balaikota Depok masih belum maksimal dan komprehensif.

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The growth of multi-storey buildings and offices have hazard potential to become disaster like fire that need to be consider an emergency response system to minimize the impact of losses in terms of material and human through step of mitigation, prevention, and early detection.

This study aims to look at describtion of emergency response system (Emergency Response Preparedness) in pre, during, and post disaster of fire in the building of Balaikota Depok based on standard of NFPA 1600: Standard on Disaster / Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs.

This study uses descriptive analytic design with a qualitative approach. From this study, it can be concluded that the emergency response system for fire hazard in the building of Depok City Hall was not optimally and comprehensive."

"Jakarta Pusat menjadi kawasan pusat perkantoran dan pusat pemerintahan yang menjadi sangat berisiko terhadap kebakaran. Menurut data Dinas Penanggulangan Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan 42,5% gedung perkantoran pemerintahan tidak terawat sistem proteksi kebakarannya. Waktu respon darurat menjadi faktor penting pada terjadinya risiko kebakaran karena hal ini dapat menanggulangi kebakaran. Untuk mencapai hal tersebut, digunakan metode penelitian analisis risiko untuk dapat mengetahui faktor risiko dominan dari kebakaran untuk evaluasi sistem emergency response time sebagai acuan dalam perencanaan lokasi pos pemadam kebakaran. Hasil evaluasi penelitian terdapat 8 risiko dominan pada penelitian yang berupa perbaikan SOP eksisting dan pemetaan perencanaan lokasi pos pemadam kebakaran.

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Central Jakarta is the center of office area and central government, therefore this area become vital a risky area against fires. According data from Dinas Penanggulangan Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan that 42.5% the fire protection sistem in office building is untreated. Emergency response time become a key factor in fire incident. To achieve this method, risk analysis method is used for this research to get risk factors dominant of fire incident for evaluation of sistem emergency response time as a referencein planning location of fire station. The evaluation resultsof this research, there are 8 risk dominants to improve existing SOP dan mapping fire station location."

"Dalam proses produksinya, PT. Pupuk Kujang mendirikan Central Control Building sebagai pusat pengawasan proses produksi Kujang 1B. Dengan menggunakan sistem peralatan canggih dengan nama Distribution Control System (DCS) maka diperlukan kondisi ruang kerja yang khusus, yaitu harus berada dalam suhu ruangan 18°C. Keadaan itu mengakibatkan pekerja terpajan suhu dingin selama jam kerjanya. Suhu tersebut merupakan suhu yang berada di bawah nilai suhu nyaman. Hal ini mengakibatkan pekerja merasa terganggu oleh dingin tersebut yang pada akhirnya dapat berpengaruh negatif bagi kesehatan pekerja.Penelitian ini membahas tentang gambaran pajanan suhu dingin terhadap kejadian hipotermia pada pekerja operator DCS di ruang kontrol Gedung CCB Kujang 1B PT. Pupuk Kujang Cikampek tahun 2009. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan disain cross-sectional.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu control room Gedung CCB Kujang 1B berada di bawah nilai ambang batas (NAB) suhu nyaman (21?30°C) berdasarkan Surat Edaran Menteri Tenaga kerja dan Transmigrasi Nomor SE.01/MEN/1978. Namun, nilai Indeks Suhu Bola Basah (ISBB) control room tersebut masih berada dalam batas yang diperkenankan menurut Keputusan Menteri Tenaga Kerja No: Kep- 51/Men/1999.Penelitian ini juga tidak menemukan adanya kasus hipotermia pada pekerja operator DCS, karena penurunan suhu tubuh yang terjadi masih berada di batas suhu normal. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, peneliti menyarankan agar dilakukan pengendalian engineering berupa pengaturan ulang suhu control room hingga mencapai suhu nyaman yang diperkenankan (21°C) atau pemasangan pembatas yang memisahkan antara pekerja dengan sumber pendingin (air conditioner - AC) serta memperbaiki fasilitas alat pelindung diri seperti jaket, sarung tangan dan penutup kepala. Memperbanyak aktivitas fisik saat bekerja serta lebih sering menyempatkan minum dan makan juga disarankan agar panas tubuh tidak hilang.

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In the process of production, PT. Pupuk Kujang establish Central Control Building as the central control of the production process Kujang 1B. By using the system with the sophisticated equipment Distribution Control System (DCS) is required then the condition that a special work space, must be in the room temperature 18°C. Circumstances that result in workers expose to cold temperatures during work hours. That temperature is below the temperature comfortable. This resulted in the workers feel disturbed by the cold, which in turn can negatively affect the health of workers.

This study discusses illustration exposure to cold temperature incident hypothermia service workers on the DCS control room in Building CCB Kujang 1B PT. Pupuk Kujang Cikampek 2009. This research is descriptive quantitative research with cross-sectional design.

Results of research indicate that the temperature control room building CCB Kujang 1B under the threshold limit value (TLV) temperature comfortable (21-30°C) based on the Circular Letter of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No. SE.01/MEN/1978. However, the value of Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) control room is still in the limit permitted by the Minister of Manpower Decree No: Kep-51/Men/1999.

This study also did not find any cases hypothermia on the DCS operator workers, because a decrease in body temperature that°Ccurred was in the normal temperature limits. Based on the results, the researchers suggested that the form of engineering control be reset control room temperature to reach a comfortable temperature allowed (21°C) or the barrier that separates between the workers, the source cooling (air conditioner) equipment and improve facilities such as selfprotective jacket, gloves and headgear. Increase physical activity at work and more often to eat and drink also suggested that body heat is not lost."

"Kebakaran menjadi ancaman terutama pada bangunan bertingkat tinggi. Penelitian pada skripsi ini mengenai evaluasi kesesuaian sarana pencegahan dan penanggulangan kebakaran dengan peraturan yang berlaku di gedung BNI 46 PT Swadharma Griyasatya tahun 2012. Desain penelitian bersifat observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Variabel dalam penelitian adalah sarana penyelamatan jiwa, sistem proteksi pasif, sistem proteksi aktif, pengawasan dan pengendalian, dan manajemen penanggulangan kebakaran bangunan gedung. Persentase kesesuaian didapatkan dari perbandingan antara variabel dengan Kepmen PU No. 10/KPTS/2000, Kepmen PU No. 11/KPTS/2000, SNI 03-1746- 2000, SNI 03-3985-2000, SNI 03-6574-2001, NFPA 10 dan NFPA 101. Hasil penelitian yaitu gedung BNI 46 memenuhi persentase kesesuaian seluruh variabel sebesar 87,73%, maka diperlukan perbaikan serta peningkatan dari kelengkapan sarana pencegahan dan penanggulangan kebakaran yang telah ada.

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Fire becomes threat especially in high-rise building. The research in this thesis regarding the evaluation of conformity fire prevention and countermeasures facility with regulations at BNI 46 building PT Swadharma Griyasatya in Central Jakarta in 2012.The research design was an observational with cross sectional approach. The variables are saving lives facility, passive protection systems, active protection systems, monitoring and control, fire countermeasures and management of the building. The percentage of conformity obtained from the comparison between variables and Kepmen PU No. 10/KPTS/2000, Kepmen PU No. 11/KPTS/2000, SNI 03-1746-2000, SNI 03-3985-2000, SNI 03-6574-2001, NFPA 10 dan NFPA 101. The result showed that BNI 46 building conform all variables percentage of 87,73%, it is necessary to improvement and enhancement of the fire prevention completeness and countermeasures facility that have been there."

"Penyediaan sistem tanggap darurat seperti pembentukan dan pelatihan tim, penyediaan sarana dan prasarana, dan pemeliharaan alat-alat emergency memerlukan biaya yang tidak sedikit, terkadang perusahaan mengesampingkan aspek ini karena keadaan darurat adalah hal yang tidak bisa diprediksi dan kejadiannya sangat jarang terjadi, namun upaya penyediaan kesiapsiagaan tetap wajib disediakan untuk menjamin keselamatan pekerja, masyarakat sekitar, dan keberlangsungan produksi di perusahaan. Aspek penilaian kesiapsiagaan tanggap darurat menurut SMKP Minerba merupakan langkah mudah untuk mengevaluasi sejauh mana persiapan perusahaan dalam menghadap keadaan darurat yang berpotensi terjadi, baik akibat proses kerja, maupun bencana alam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa perusahaan sebaiknya melakukan perbaikkan dari hasil temuan yang tidak sesuai seperti evaluasi berkala tentang penanganan bencana, pelatihan tim tanggap darurat, pemeliharaan sarana dan prasarana darurat, serta penambahan jumlah tenaga kesehatan dan alat P3K.

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Providing emergency response system such as emergency team forming, making training program continuously, emergency maintenance facilities routinely, are needs much money to keep on top perform, therefore a company sometimes sees override through emergency response program because emergency condition are rarely to happened and unpredictable, however emergency response preparedness are required to ensure safety worker, community, and product sustainability of the company activies. The Assessment aspect of emergency response procedure based on Mineral and Coal Mine Safety Management System is the way to evaluate about company preparedness to overcome the emergency condition or disaster which have potential to be happened. This experiment is qualitative with description design. The experiment result is recommendation to the company to improve their current emergency response preparedness such as updating disaster procedure, training for emergency team routinely, maintenance all the emergency facility, providing a propely first aid, and increasing number for health workers."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis terhadap gambaran manajemen tanggap darurat kebakaran dan sarana penyelamatan jiwa yang ada di gedung Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan melakukan observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil dari penelitian ini selanjutnya dibandingkan kesesuaiannya dengan Permen PU No. 20/PRT/M/2009, Permen PU No.26/PRT/M/2008, Kepmen PU No. 10/KPTS/2000, SNI 03-1746-2000, SNI 03-6574-2001, dan dan standar internasional NFPA 101.Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia belum memiliki manajemen tanggap darurat kebakaran yang sesuai dengan standar. Sarana penyelamatan jiwa yang belum semuanya terpenuhi adalah koridor, pintu darurat, tangga darurat, petunjuk arah jalan keluar, dan pencahayaan darurat. Dari hasil penelitian maka diperlukan pengadaan bagi manajemen tanggap darurat kebakaran dan perbaikan bagi sarana penyelamatan jiwa yang belum memenuhi persyaratan, serta dilakukan pemeliharaan bagi yang sudah terpenuhi.

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The purpose of the research is to analyze the management overview fire emergency response and facility of life saving in Faculty of Pharmacy building, University of Indonesia. This research used the descriptive analytic metod with performing field overview, interview, and document study. The result of this research will be compared its conformity with Permen PU No. 20/PRT/M/2009. Permen PU No. 26/PRT/M/2008, Kepmen PU No. 10/KPTS/2000, SNI 03-1746-2000, SNI 03-6574-2001, and NFPA 101.

This result shows that Faculty of Pharmacy in University of Indonesia yet to have standard compliant fire emergency response management. The place that yet to have life saving facility including corridor, emergency doors, emergency stares, exit directions, and emergency lightings. From this research conclude that the procurement is required for management of the fire emergency responnse and requirement for the life saving facility wich do not meet the requiremnts, and maintenace for the facility."

"Intensely practical and down-to-earth, this timely new text covers the breadth of health emergency preparedness, resilience and response topics in the context of inter-disciplinary and whole society responses to a range of threats. It includes public, private and third sector roles in preparation for and in response to natural and man-made events, such as: major incident planning; infectious disease epidemics and pandemics; natural disasters; terrorist threats; and business and service continuity management.The book builds upon the basics of risk assessment and writing an emergency plan, and then covers inter-agency working, command and control, communication, personal impact and business continuity as well as training, exercises and post-incident follow up. Detailing the full emergency preparedness and civil protection planning cycle, the book is illustrated throughout with real-life examples and case studies from global experts in the field for countries with both advanced and developing healthcare systems.This practical handbook covering the essential aspects of major incident and disaster management is ideal for undergraduate and master's students in emergency management and public health, as well as for practitioners in emergency preparedness and civil protection. It will be valuable to all health practitioners from ambulance, hospital, primary and community care, mental health and public health backgrounds."