Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This book contains the opinion of Karl Marx's economic critique. Describes the surplus value, profits, commodities, and capital. The book is provided with a name index, an index of authorities and a subject index. "

"Huruf kanji yang digunakan di Jepang berasal dari Tiongkok, dengan adaptasi bentuk, pelafalan maupun makna. Setiap guratan huruf kanji merupakan tanda atau lambang yang merepresentasikan makna atau suatu konsep. Bagi pengguna Bahasa Jepang non penutur jati, rumitnya bentuk kanji menjadi salah satu kesulitan dalam memahami kanji. Tulisan ini membahas salah permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh penutur asing terkait kanji, yaitu bagaimana kontribusi makna komponen pembentuk kanji terhadap makna kanji. Apabila kanji memiliki komponen pembentuk kanji atau radikal, makna kanji tersebut memiliki perbedaan makna dengan kanji yang tidak memiliki komponen. Ini bisa membingungkan pengguna Bahasa Jepang non penutur jati yang mengetahui cara baca kanji namun tidak mengetahui perubahan makna kanji. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dan mencari keterkaitan makna atau konsep air yang direpresentasikan melalui radikal air. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada 19 buah kanji beradikal air yang muncul pada pembelajaran kanji dasar, dan dilakukan dengan menelusuri pembentukan kanji, menganalisis makna dan konsep air, melalui Teori Bushu, Teori Makna dan Teori Semiotika. Kanji yang beradikal air memiliki tiga makna, yaitu makna air secara fisik, perluasan makna air, dan makna air secara tidak langsung. Makna air secara fisik yaitu makna yang memiliki arti langsung dan hubungan dengan air. Perluasan makna air memiliki makna air pada zaman dulu, namun sekarang kanji yang memiliki perluasan makna digunakan untuk sesuatu yang memiliki kesamaan. Makna air secara tidak langsung merupakan makna yang tidak ada hubungan atau arti air.

---

The kanji letters used in Japan come from China, with forms of adaptation, pronunciation and meaning. Each stroke of kanji letter is a sign or symbol that represents meaning or a concept. For non-Japanese speakers, the complexity of kanji forms is one of the difficulties in understanding kanji. This paper discusses the wrong problems faced by foreign speakers regarding kanji, namely how the contribution of the meaning of the kanji-forming components to the kanji meanings. If kanji has a kanji forming component or radical, the meaning of the kanji has a different meaning from the kanji which has no component. This can confuse non-Japanese speakers who know how to read kanji but do not know the changes in the meaning of kanji.

This study aims to analyze and look for the relevance of the meaning or concept of water represented by water radicals. This study focused on 19 water-based kanji which appeared in basic kanji learning, and was done by tracing kanji formation, analyzing the meaning and concept of water, through the Bushu Theory, Meaning Theory and Semiotic Theory.

Kanji, which has water radical, has three meanings, namely the meaning of water physically, the expansion of the meaning of water, and the meaning of water indirectly. The meaning of water is physically meaning that has direct meaning and relationship with water. The expansion of the meaning of water has the meaning water in ancient times, but now the kanji which has an expansion of meaning is used for something that has similarities with water. The meaning of water indirectly is a meaning that has no relationship or meaning of water."

"[Pemanfaatan radikal sulfat pada proses oksidasi lanjut belum banyak digunakan untukk mendegradasi limbah cair. Pada penelitian ini, akan dilakukan degradasi limbah amonia sintetik dengan proses oksidasi lanjut memanfaatkan radikal sulfat. Radikal sulfat ini disinyalir dapat mendegradasi amonia lebih efisien dibandingkan radikal hidroksil karena bekerja dengan 3 prinsip kerja yakni transfer elektron, pemutusan ikatan rangkap C, dan abstraksi hydrogen. Radikal sulfat didapatkan dari ion persulfat hasil ionisasi K2S2O8 kemudian radikal sulfat diaktifkan dengan menggunakan panas dari heater dengan memvariasikan suhu sebesar 27oC, 50oC dan 70oC. Limbah amonia sintetik dibuat dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi awal amonia sebesar 10 mg/L, 25 mg/L, dan 50 mg/L dan tingkat keasaman (pH) juga divariasikan pada pH 4,7,dan 10 untuk merepresentasikan keadaan asam, netral dan basa limbah amonia sintetik untuk melihat apakah amonia dapat terdegradasi lebih baik dalam bentuk ion atau radikal. Kadar amonia akhir setelah proses oksidasi diukur dengan menggunakan amoniameter dengan prinsip colorimetri. Didapatkan hasil degradasi amonia yang paling baik adalah 22,7% dengan kondisi optimum suhu 50oC, pH 10, dan konsentrasi awal amonia sebesar 10 mg/L., Degradation Technologies using Advanced Oxidation Process with sulfate radical has not been widely developed yet. This research will bring this technology to degrade sintetic amonia waste. Sulfate Radical may reduce ammonia more efficiently than hidroxyl radical mainly with 3 pathways, there are electron transfer, cut of unsaturated bond, and hydrogen abstraction. Sulfate Radical can be got from persulfate ion from Pottasium Persulfate that ionized and activated to be sulfate radical by heat from heater. Temperature of activation becomes one of the research variabel in 27oC, 50oC and 70oC. Initial sintetic ammonia waste is varied from 10 mg/L, 25 mg/L, and 50 mg/L. Acidity is also varied in 4, 7, and 10 that present acid, neutral, and base condition to see whether the amonia will be well degraded as ionic or molecule. The end concentration of ammonia is measured with martini ammoniameter. The best result for this research is 22,7% of ammonia removal in 50oC, pH 10, and the first ammonia concentration of 10 mg/L.]"

"Polimerisasi suspensi merupakan salah satu teknik polimerisasi dispersi di mana monomer terdispersi dalam air sebagai fasa kontinyunya. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis kopolimer poli[stirena-ko-(butil akrilat)] dengan teknik polimerisasi suspensi melalui metode Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP). Variasi konsentrasi stabilizer poli(vinil alkohol) (PVA), inisiator etil α-bromoisobutirat (EBIB), dan komposisi monomer dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimum. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada (i) konsentrasi PVA 5% dengan viskositas 1550 mPa.s, (ii) perbandingan massa total monomer dan inisiator EBIB sebesar 211:10 dengan ukuran partikel 1,832 µm serta distribusi ukuran partikel yang monomodal, dan (iii) komposisi monomer stirena dan butil akrilat sebesar 50:50 (wt/wt%) dengan temperatur transisi gelas sebesar 12,45oC. Parameter keberhasilan terjadinya kopolimerisasi dibuktikan oleh karakterisasi FTIR, DSC, dan GPC.

---

Suspension Polymerization is one of dispersion polymerization technique which monomers are dispersed in water as continuous phase. In this study, synthesis of copolymers poly[styrene-co-(butyl acrylate)] by using suspension polymerization technique via Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) was performed. Concentration of stabilizer poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), initiator ethyl-α-bromoisobutyrate (EBIB), and monomers composition were varied to obtain The optimum conditions. The optimum conditions were obtained at (i) PVA concentration of 5% with viscosity of 1550 mPa.s, (ii) total mass ratio of monomer and initiator EBIB of 211:10 with particle size of 1,832 µm and monomodal particle size distribution, and (iii) composition between monomers styrene and butyl acrylate of 50:50 (wt/wt%) with transition glass temperature of 12,45oC. The success of the copolymerization was evidenced by FTIR, DSC, and GPC characterization."

"Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan sintesis polistirena melalui polimerisasi radikal terkontrol menggunakan metode Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) serta mempelajari pengaruh variasi waktu reaksi, variasi konsentrasi ligan, katalis, dan inisiator terhadap persen konversi, distribusi berat molekul, dan indeks polidispersitas. Variasi kondisi reaksi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan komposisi optimum sintesis polistirena dengan persen konversi tinggi, distribusi berat molekul sempit, dan indeks polidispersitas kecil (≈1). Polistirena telah berhasil disintesis dengan metode ATRP menggunakan ligan PMDETA, katalis CuBr, inisiator EBiB, dan pelarut sikloheksanon. Parameter keberhasilan dilihat dari persen konversi dan berbagai hasil karakterisasi seperti FTIR, GPC, dan DSC. Komposisi optimum sintesis polistirena yaitu pada konsentrasi ligan 4%, katalis 2%, dan inisiator 4% terhadap 100% mol stirena. Persen konversi polistirena pada komposisi optimum mencapai 91,4% dan diperoleh nilai indeks polidispersitas sebesar 1,17, rata-rata berat molekul 3.526 g/mol, dan suhu transisi gelas 72,42°C.

---

This research has been conducted synthesis of polystyrene through controlled radical polymerization by using Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) method and also studied about the influence of variation of time reactions, variation of ligand, catalyst, and initiator concentrations toward conversion percentage, molecular weight distribution, and polydispersity index. The condition of variation reactions has been done to obtain the optimum composition of reaction thus it got polystyrene with higher conversion percentage, a narrow range of molecular weight distribution, and small index of polydispersity (≈1). Polystyrene has been successfully synthesized by ATRP method using PMDETA as ligand, CuBr as catalyst, EBiB as initiator, and cyclohexanone as solvent. The parameter of successful can be seen from the percentage of conversion and various results of characterization such as FTIR, GPC, and DSC. The optimum composition to synthesis of polystyrene where the concentration of ligand is 4%, catalyst is 2%, and initiator is 4% against 100% mol of styrene. The conversion percentage of polystyrene at the optimum composition reached 91.4% and obtained the result of polydispersity index by 1.17, the average molecular weight is 3.526 g/mol, and the glass transition temperature is 72.42°C."

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini akan membahas proyeksi dan antisipasi strategis situs-situs radikal pascakebijakan pemerintah menutup situs-situs tersebut. Situs-situs radikal adalah salahsatu instrumen yang digunakan oleh teroris dan pelaku jihad online untukmenyebarkan berita provokatif, propaganda, dan juga perencanaan aksi terror.Teori regulasi, model analisis antisipasi strategis dan proyeksi intelijen penegakanhukum dan metode penelitian kualitatif digunakan dalam melakukan proyeksi andantisipasi strategis dalam tesis ini. Penggunaan deep web, steganography, imitasispam, membentuk kafilah cyber bahkan perang psikologis terhadap pemerintahdiproyeksi akan dilakukan oleh teroris dan pelaku jihad online pada masamendatang. Antisipasi dapat dilakukan pemerintah melalui pemblokiran situs,mengkaji kembali strategi kontra narasi, sindikasi situs, pelatihan soft skillterhadap masyarakat, optimalisasi cyber army, memperkuat intelligence sharing,penggunaan software dan juga membentuk undang-undang radikalisasi online.Sebagai kesimpulan penelitian ini perkembangan situs-situs radikal akan tetapberkembang seiring perkembangan teknologi dan tren maka pemerintah danaparat keamanan harus segera mengantisipasi dan mencegah tindak radikalisasionline yang dilakukan oleh teroris maupun pelaku jihad online.

---

ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses on how to project and anticipate radical websitesstrategically following government policy on shutting them down. Radicalwebsites are one of the instruments used by terrorists and online jihadists tospread provocative news, propaganda, as well as to plan terror attacks. Regulationtheory, analysis model of strategic anticipation and projection of law intelligenceenforcement, and qualitative research method are used in projecting andanticipating in this thesis. The use of deep web, steganography, spam mimicking,establishment of cyber caliphate even a psychological warfare against thegovernment are projected to be carried out by terrorists and online jihadists in thefuture. Anticipation can be done by the government through blocking,reevaluating counter narrative strategy, websites syndication, soft skills trainingfor public, optimizing cyber army, strengthening the intelligence sharing, usingsoftware and establishing a new constitution regarding online radicalization. As aconclusion of this research, the development of radical websites will keep ondeveloping as technology and trend develop so that the government and lawenforcement have to anticipate and prevent online radicalization that have beenconducted by terrorists and online jihadists., This thesis discusses on how to project and anticipate radical websitesstrategically following government policy on shutting them down. Radicalwebsites are one of the instruments used by terrorists and online jihadists tospread provocative news, propaganda, as well as to plan terror attacks. Regulationtheory, analysis model of strategic anticipation and projection of law intelligenceenforcement, and qualitative research method are used in projecting andanticipating in this thesis. The use of deep web, steganography, spam mimicking,establishment of cyber caliphate even a psychological warfare against thegovernment are projected to be carried out by terrorists and online jihadists in thefuture. Anticipation can be done by the government through blocking,reevaluating counter narrative strategy, websites syndication, soft skills trainingfor public, optimizing cyber army, strengthening the intelligence sharing, usingsoftware and establishing a new constitution regarding online radicalization. As aconclusion of this research, the development of radical websites will keep ondeveloping as technology and trend develop so that the government and lawenforcement have to anticipate and prevent online radicalization that have beenconducted by terrorists and online jihadists.]"

"Kanker payudara merupakan masalah kesehatan yang paling sering dialami oleh wanita di wilayah perkotaan. Gaya hidup kurang baik, kurangnya riwayat menyusui serta genetis merupakan faktor resiko berkembangnya kanker payudara di wilayah perkotaan. Mastektomi merupakan salah satu terapi penyembuhan kanker payudara. Ansietas preoperatif dan nyeri pasca operatif merupakan masalah yang kerap menyertai mastektomi. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pemberian terapi massase tubuh sebagai bentuk tindakan mandiri keperawatan dalam mengatasi masalah ansietas preoperatif dan nyeri pasca operatif. Massase tubuh dilakukan pada dua jam preoperatif dan satu hari pasca operatif selama 30 menit. Massase disertai dengan pemberian teknik relaksasi napas dalam pada tahap preoperatif dan dikombinasikan dengan pemberian medikasi anti nyeri pada tahap pasca operatif. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa tingkat ansietas preoperatif klien berkurang, nyeri postoperatif tidak dialami dan tingkat relaksasi pasca operatif klien meningkat setelah dilakukan massase. Massase direkomendasikan dalam asuhan keperawatan dengan klien mastektomi.

---

Breast cancer is the most common health problem experienced by urban area's women. Poor lifestyle, lack of breasfeeding experience and genetic are risk factors for breast cancer in urban areas. Mastectomy is one form of treatment for breast cancer. Preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain are problems that appear during mastectomy. This research aims to analyze the implementation of body massage therapy as an independent nursing action in order to solve preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain problems. Massage was given two hours before mastectomy and one day postsoperative for 30 minutes. Massage was given along with deep breathing relaxation technique during preoperative phase dan combined with pain killer medication on postoperative phase. The results showed that preoperative anxiety levels decreased, postoperative pain isn't experienced and postoperative relaxation level increased after massage. Massage recommended on nursing care with mastectomy client. "