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"Hingga saat ini stigma negatif dari masyarakat masih melekat pada kaum homoseksual. Faktor sosial ini bisa berdampak pada timbulnya depresi pada homoseksual. Di sisi lain, dukungan sosial dari orang-orang di lingkungannya dapat berperan dalam menurunkan resiko mengalami depresi bagi homoseksual. Untuk mengetahui apakah memang seorang homoseksual dengan tingkat gejala depresi yang rendah memiliki dukungan sosial yang tinggi, peneliti mengangkat permasalahan tersebut di dalam penelitian ini. Pengukuran persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial menggunakan alat ukur social provision scale (Cutrona & Russell, 1975) dan pengukuran depresi menggunakan alat ukur Beck depression inventory (Beck dkk., 1971). Partisipan penelitian berjumlah 125 homoseksual yang berusia 20 ? 40 tahun dan berdomisili di kota-kota di Pulau Jawa dan luar Pulau Jawa.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial dan depresi pada homoseksual (r = - 0.502; p < 0.01). Artinya, semakin tinggi persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial seseorang, maka semakin rendah gejala depresi yang dialaminya. Selain itu, didapatkan hasil perbedaan mean persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial dan depresi yang signifikan yang dikaitkan dengan orientasi homoseksual dan status hubungan romantis. Dengan kata lain, kelompok partisipan lesbian dan partisipan yang berpacaran memiliki nilai mean persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan, sedangkan partisipan gay dan partisipan yang tidak berpacaran memiliki nilai mean depresi yang lebih tinggi secara signifikan. Namun, tidak terdapat perbedaan mean persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial dan depresi yang signifikan yang dikaitkan dengan keikutsertaan dalam komunitas LGBT. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya yang serupa disarankan menggunakan dimensi-dimensi persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial agar dapat diketahui secara spesifik dimensi mana yang paling dibutuhkan partisipan.

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Nowadays, the negative community stigmas are still inherent to homosexuals. These social factors can have an impact on the incidence of depression in a homosexual. On the other hand, social support of people in their environment can play a role in lowering the risk of experiencing depression for homosexuals. To find out if indeed a homosexual with a low level of depression symptoms has high socials support, researchers raised these problems in this research. This Perceived social support measurement using gauge Social Provision Scale (Cutrona & Russell, 1975) and depression measurement using gauge Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al., 1971). Research participants totaled 125 homosexuals aged 20-40 years and domiciled in cities in Java and outside Java.

The results of this research show there are significant negative relationship between perceived social support and depression in homosexuals (r =-0.502; p < 0.01). This means the higher of perceived social support, the lower the symptoms of depression of homosexuals. In addition, the obtained results mean difference of perception of social support and depression are significantly associated with homosexual orientation and romantic relationship status. In other words, the lesbian participants and participants who are dating have a mean value of the perception of social support was significantly higher, whereas participants who are not gay and dating participants had a mean depression is significantly higher. However, there are no mean differences in perceptions of social support and depression are significantly associated with participation in the LGBT community. For further research are advised to use the similar dimensions to perceptions of social support in order to be known specifically where the dimension is most needed participants."

"Banyak penelitian yang menguji hubungan kemelekatan tidak aman dan depresi, namun belum ada yang menguji peran dukungan sosial yang dipersepsikan secara umum sebagai kemungkinan mediator dari hubungan tersebut. Peneliti menguji peran dukungan sosial sebagai mediator hubungan kemelekatan tidak aman dan depresi. Mahasiswa dari berbagai universitas di Indonesia (N=416) diuji menggunakan versi bahasa Indonesia dari Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), dan Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 (HSCL-25) untuk melihat nilai tingkat depresi, pola kemelekatan, dan dukungan sosial yang dipersepsikan secara berurutan. Analisis mediasi sederhana menunjukkan bahwa dukungan sosial memediasi hubungan kemelekatan menghindar dan depresi, namun tidak untuk hubungan antara kemelekatan cemas dan depresi. Ada kemungkinan kedua tipe kemelekatan mempersepsi dukungan sosial secara berbeda, sehingga menyebabkan adanya perbedaan hasil mediasi. Berangkat dari hasil penelitian ini, mahasiswa dapat meningkatkan kesadaran atas dukungan sosial yang dipersepsikan sebagai usaha untuk menghindari depresi.

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Many studies have examined the relationship between insecure attachment and depression, but no one has examined the role of perceived social support in general as a mediator of the relationship. Current study examined the role of perceived social support as the mediator of the relationship between insecure and depression. Students from various universities in Indonesia (N = 416) were tested using the Indonesian version of Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25 (HSCL-25) to see depression levels, attachment, and perceived social support, respectively. Simple mediation analysis shows that social support mediates the relationship between avoidant attachment and depression, but not the relationship between anxious attachment and depression. It is possible that the two types of attachment perceive social support differently, leading to different mediation results. Departing from the results of this study, college students can increase awareness of perceived social support as an effort to avoid depression."

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengonfirmasi keterkaitan obesitas akibat diet tinggi lemak serta fruktosa dan pemberian ekstrak etanol C. asiatica (CA) terhadap kemunculan depression-like behavior. Parameter penelitian meliputi kadar IL-6 hipokampus sebagai penanda neuroinflamasi, kadar BDNF, serta protein sinaptik PSD-95 dan SYN1 pada region of interest (ROI) hipokampus, yaitu CA1, CA2, dan DG. Evaluasi tingkah laku dilakukan dengan instrumen Open Field Test (OFT), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), dan Forced Swim Test (FST). Tikus Sprague-Dawley jantan dibagi menjadi empat kelompok dengan kombinasi DTLF dan pemberian CA. DTLF berkontribusi dengan sangat signifikan (p < 0,0001) terhadap perbedaan kadar IL-6 antar kelompok, namun tidak dengan pemberian CA. Neuroinflamasi tidak terbukti dan pemberian CA cenderung tidak memperbaiki kondisi tersebut. Efek negatif obesitas akibat DTLF ditunjukkan pada rendahnya kadar BDNF kelompok obesitas (p < 0,0001), dimana kelompok tersebut juga cenderung memiliki PSD-95 dan SYN1 yang lebih rendah pada sebagian besar ROI hipokampus. Perbedaan PSD-95 paling signifikan ditemukan pada area dentate gyrus (p < 0,0001). Pemberian CA cenderung memperbaiki kadar BDNF, SYN1 pada seluruh ROI, serta PSD-95 hanya pada area CA1 dan CA2. Depression-like behavior secara deskriptif muncul akibat obesitas akibat DTLF pada seluruh uji, dan pemberian CA cenderung memperbaikinya yang dibuktikan pada instrumen OFT dan EPM.

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This study aims to confirm the relationship between obesity caused by a high-fat and fructose diet and the administration of C. asiatica (CA) ethanol extract to the emergence of depression-like behaviour. The research parameters included hippocampal IL-6 levels as a marker of neuroinflammation, BDNF levels, and synaptic proteins PSD-95 and SYN1 in the region of interest (ROI) of the hippocampus, namely CA1, CA2, and DG. Behavioural evaluation was conducted using the Open Field Test (OFT), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), and Forced Swim Test (FST) instruments. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups with combined DTLF and CA administration. DTLF contributed significantly (p < 0.0001) to the difference in IL-6 levels between groups, but not CA administration. Neuroinflammation was not evident and CA administration tended not to improve the condition. The negative effect of obesity due to DTLF was shown in the low BDNF levels of the obese group (p < 0.0001), which also tended to have lower PSD-95 and SYN1 in most hippocampal ROIs. The most significant difference in PSD-95 was found in the dentate gyrus area (p < 0.0001). CA administration tended to improve the levels of BDNF, SYN1 in all ROIs, and PSD-95 only in the CA1 and CA2 areas. Depression-like behaviour descriptively appeared due to obesity caused by DTLF in all tests, and CA administration tended to improve it as evidenced in the OFT and EPM instruments.

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""When I grow up, I think I won't get sick. When I grow up, I think I will become stronger. When I grow up, I think I won't get hurt. I wrote this book as a guide and a connecting cord for the sick soul. I wrote this book to share my knowledge and stories with people who have problems with their mental health and suffer from it, and together find the answer to the question, 'Then, what should I do now?' If this way could cure them or become a bright light to open the door of hope, there is nothing I hope more of it." -Kim Haenam"

"Individu dengan orientasi homoseksual seringkali mendapatkan prasangka, diskriminasi, dan kekerasan berkenaan dengan orientasi seksual yang dimilikinya. Oleh karena itu, individu homoseksual mengalami salah satu stressor spesifik yaitu stres minoritas yang dapat termanifestasi dalam bentuk kesadaran akan stigma yang akan mengarahkan individu homoseksual pada gejala depresi. Namun, sebelum memiliki pengaruh kepada gejala depresi, kesadaran akan stigma terlebih dahulu mempengaruhi kualitas intrapersonal dari individu homoseksual, yaitu persepsi dukungan sosial dan resiliensi. Penelitian kali ini dilakukan untuk melihat efek mediasi dari persepsi dukungan sosial dan resiliensi pada hubungan antara kesadaran dan gejala depresi. Terdapat 116 partisipan dalam penelitian ini dengan kriteria; memiliki orientasi homoseksual, berusia minimal 18 tahun, warga negara Indonesia, dan cisgender. Analisis regresi berganda menggunakan PROCESS for SPSS model 4 menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis penelitian ini didukung data yaitu persepsi dukungan sosial dan resiliensi memediasi hubungan antara kesadaran akan stigma dan gejala depresi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, penting bagi individu homoseksual, masyarakat, dan praktisi untuk memahami stres minoritas serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang turut berpengaruh pada kemunculan gejala depresi yang dapat pada  individu homoseksual.

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Homosexuals often experience prejudice, discrimination, and violence regarding their sexual orientation. Therefore, homosexuals experience one specific stressor, namely minority stress which can be manifested in the form of stigma consciousness which will lead homosexuals to depressive symptoms. However, the environment can provide a protective factor in the form of social support and at the intrapersonal level there is a protective factor from the emergence of depressive symptoms, namely resilience. The present study was conducted to examine the mediating effect of perceived social support and resilience on the relationship between stigma consciousness and depressive symptoms. There were 116 participants in this study with the criteria; homosexual, at least 18 years old, Indonesian citizens, and cisgender. Multiple regression analysis using the PROCESS for SPSS model 4 shows that the research hypothesis is supported by data, perceived social support and resilience fully mediate the relationship between stigma consciousness and depressive symptoms. Based on the results of this study, it is important for homosexual individuals, the public, and practitioners to understand the stress of minorities and identify the factors that contribute to the emergence of depressive symptoms that can occur in homosexual individuals."

"Bagi penyintas kanker remaja-dewasa muda, mengidap kanker adalah peristiwa yang sangat menantang dan mengubah hidup. Walaupun dapat membawa dampak negatif, kanker sebaliknya dapat menjadi pemicu dialaminya posttraumatic growth (PTG) pada penyintas kanker remaja-dewasa muda. Salah satu faktor protektif yang berhubungan dengan kemunculan PTG adalah persepsi dukungan sosial. Kemudian, diduga bahwa mekanisme yang dapat menjelaskan terdapatnya hubungan antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan PTG pada penyintas kanker remaja-dewasa muda adalah kemunculan self- compassion. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki hubungan antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan PTG pada penyintas kanker remaja-dewasa muda dengan self-compassion sebagai mediator. Penelitian korelasional ini melibatkan 55 penyintas kanker di Indonesia dengan usia diagnosis 15—39 tahun yang saat ini berusia 18—39 tahun (Musia = 27,64; SD usia = 5,74; 78,18% perempuan). Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah PTGI-SF (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form), MSPSS (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), dan SWD-SF (Skala Welas Diri-Short Form). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi dukungan sosial dan self-compassion berkorelasi positif signifikan dengan PTG pada penyintas kanker remaja-dewasa muda. Akan tetapi, self-compassion tidak terbukti menjadi mediator pada hubungan antara persepsi dukungan sosial dan PTG pada penyintas kanker remaja-dewasa muda. 

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For adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors, living with cancer is a challenging and life-changing experience. Although it causes several negative impacts, cancer can induce the process of experiencing posttraumatic growth (PTG) in AYA cancer survivors. One of the protective factors associated with PTG is perceived social support. Furthermore, it hypothesized that a mechanism that can explain the relationship between perceived social support and PTG is the emergence ofself-compassion. Therefore, this study explores the relationship between perceived social support and PTG in AYA cancer survivors with self-compassion as a mediator. This correlational study involved 55 cancer survivors with the age of diagnosis of 15—39 years old who currently is 18—39 years old (Mage = 27,64; SDage = 5,74; 78,18% female). The instruments used in this study are PTGI-SF (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory-Short Form), MSPSS (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support), and SWD-SF (Skala Welas Diri- Short Form). This study shows that perceived social support and self- compassion correlate positively and significantly with PTG in AYA cancer survivors. However, self-compassion is not mediating the relationship between perceived social support and PTG in AYA cancer survivors."

"Adanya pandemi Covid-19 menjadi stresor terhadap individu yang berpotensi meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap pengalaman gejala depresi. Hubungan romantis merupakan salah satu sumber daya dalam mengurangi depresi karena dapat memberikan dukungan sosial yang dibutuhkan. Meskipun begitu, persepsi dukungan sosial adalah fenomena yang kompleks dan dapat ditentukan oleh faktor individu, seperti attachment. Pola attachment seseorang akan mewarnai ekspektasi dan preferensinya terhadap dukungan sosial yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji model perceived social support sebagai mediator pada hubungan antara pola attachment dengan gejala depresi, pada dewasa muda di Indonesia yang sedang menjalani hubungan romantis. Sebanyak 279 partisipan mengisi instrumen Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised untuk mengukur tingkat attachment anxiety dan attachment avoidance, instrumen Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support untuk mengukur tingkat persepsi dukungan sosial, dan instrumen Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression untuk mengukur gejala depresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efek pola attachment (melalui tingkat attachment anxiety dan tingkat attachment avoidance) terhadap gejala depresi dimediasi secara parsial oleh tingkat perceived social support individu. Perbedaan jenis kelamin dan status hubungan yang sedang dijalani (status hubungan romantis pranikah atau hubungan pernikahan) juga ditemukan signifikan menjadi kovariat dalam kedua model mediasi.

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The existence of the Covid-19 pandemic is a stressor for individuals that has the potential to increase susceptibility to experiencing depressive symptoms. Based on the literature review, romantic relationships can be a resource in dealing with depression through a stable social support network in the relationship, primarily if the social support is conceptualized as perceived social support. However, perceived social support is a complex phenomenon and can be determined by individual factors such as attachment styles since attachment style will affect individual expectations and preferences for social support. This study examines perceived social support as a mediator of attachment style and depressive symptoms among young adults in Indonesia in a romantic relationship. A total of 279 participants completed the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised to measure the level of attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support to measure the perceived social support, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression to measure reports of depressive symptoms. The results showed that the effect of the attachment style (through the level of attachment anxiety and the level of attachment avoidance) on depressive symptoms was partially mediated by perceived social support. Differences in gender and the type of relationship (premarital and marital relationship) were also significant covariates in both mediation models."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara kualitas hidup dan perceived social support dari penumpang dan lawan bicara di telepon pada pengemudi yang melakukan komuter ke Jakarta setiap hari kerja. Dalam penelitian ini, 43 partisipan yang tinggal di Tangerang dan mengemudi ke Jakarta melalui tol Karang Tengah mengisi alat ukur WHOQOL-BREF dan Social Provisions Scale (SPS). Dari penelitian, ditemukan bahwa seluruh domain dari kualitas hidup memiliki korelasi yang positif dengan perceived social support. Namun, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam kualitas hidup maupun perceived social support antara pengemudi yang didampingi penumpang dan pengemudi yang berbicara dengan orang lain melalui telepon.

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The study was conducted to establish the relationship between quality of life and perceived social support from passenger and telephone conversation partner in drivers who commute to Jakarta on work days. A total of 43 participants, who lived in Tangerang and drove to Jakarta through Karang Tengah tollway, completed the WHOQOL-BREF and the SPS.

The study found that all quality of life domains were positively correlated with perceived social support. However, there was no significant difference in quality of life and in perceived social support between drivers who were accompanied by passenger and those who talked to telephone conversation partner."

"Jumlah warga Negara Indonesia yang melakukan bunuh diri adalah sebesar 11 juta orang dengan memiliki latar belakang depresi. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 50% orang yang mengalami adverse childhood experience akan berakhir memiliki gejala depresi di masa dewasa. Jenis attachment style di masa dewasa juga berhubungan dengan adverse childhood experience dan berkontribusi dalam memunculkan gejala depresi. Penelitian kali ini mencoba melihat hubungan antara adverse childhood experience, jenis attachment style di masa dewasa, dan gejala depresi. Gejala depresi diukur menggunakan Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), adverse childhood experience diukur dengan menggunakan Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE), dan attachment style di masa dewasa diukur dengan menggunakan Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). Penelitian kali ini dilakukan terhadap 482 orang dewasa muda di jabodetabek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif dan signifikan antara adverse childhood experience (r = 0,388, n = 482, p < 0,01). Adverse childhood experience memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan paling besar dengan anxious attachment style di masa dewasa dibandingkan dengan jenis attachment lain (r = 0,271, n = 482, p < 0,01). Anxious attachment style di masa dewasa juga memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan paling tinggi dengan gejala depresi dibandingkan dengan jenis attachment lainnya (r = 0,486, n = 482, p < 0,01). Penelitian ini memiliki limitasi yakni kriteria partisipan yang kurang terfokus terhadap orang-orang yang pernah mengalami adverse childhood experience dan proporsi sampel yang kurang merata.

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The number of Indonesian citizens who commit suicide is 11 million people with a background of depression. Previous research has shown that as many as 50% of people who experience bad childhood experiences end up with depressive symptoms in adulthood. This type of stylistic attachment in adulthood is also associated with adverse childhood experiences and contributes to depressive symptoms. The current study looks at the relationship between adverse childhood experiences, types of attachment styles in adulthood, and symptoms of depression. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), adverse childhood experiences as measured using the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE), and attachment style in adulthood measured using the Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). The current research was conducted on 482 young adults in Jabodetabek. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between bad experiences during childhood (r = 0.388, n = 482, p <0.01). Adverse childhood experiences had a significant and greatest association with anxious attachment style in adulthood compared with other attachment types (r = 0.271, n = 482, p <0.01). Anxious attachment style in adulthood also had a significant and highest association with depressive symptoms compared to other types of attachments (r = 0.486, n = 482, p <0.01). The limitations of this study are, the criteria of participants are less focused on people who have experienced adverse childhood experience and the proportion of the sample is not evenly distributed."

"Asma merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis, dimana penderita hanya bisa melakukan perawatan dan mengurangi gejala tanpa benar-benar menyembuhkan penyakitnya. Kehadiran penyakit ini juga disertai dengan berbagai masalah, seperti fisik, psikologis, sosial, hingga finansial. Permasalahan tersebut dapat berkurang berkat adanya penerimaan diri akan penyakit yang dideritanya dan dukungan sosial dari lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara penerimaan diri dan persepsi dukungan sosial pada dewasa muda dengan asma. Partisipan penelitian adalah dewasa muda usia 18-25 tahun dengan asma yang berjumlah 52 orang (M = 21,69, SD = 1,639). Persepsi dukungan sosial diukur dengan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), sedangkan penerimaan diri diukur dengan Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara penerimaan diri dan persepsi dukungan sosial pada dewasa muda dengan asma (r = 0.379, p < 0.05).

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Asthma is a chronic disease where sufferers can only do treatment and reduce symptoms without actually curing the disease. The presence of this disease is accompanied by various problems, such as physical, psychological, social, and financial. These problems are presumably reduced due to patient self-acceptance and social support from the environment. This study aims to determine the correlation between self-acceptance and perceived social support in emerging adults with asthma. The study was conducted on 52 participants aged 18-25 years living with asthma (M = 21.69, SD = 1.639). Perceived social support was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), while self-acceptance was measured by the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ). The results showed a significant correlation between self-acceptance and perceived social support in emerging adults with asthma (r = 0.379, p < 0.05)."