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" A Guide to Eighteenth-Century Art offers an introductory overview of the art, artists and artistic movements of this period, and the social, economic, philosophical and political debates that helped shape them. It uses an innovative framework to highlight the roles of tradition, modernity and hierarchy in the production of artistic works during this influential era. --The book spans a broad range of topics from the trade and craft of art, the hierarchy of genres and the emerging public for artistic works, through to the relationship of art to wider cultural developments of the Enlightenment, art and morality, and much more. It also explores the relationship between western art and the growth of colonialism. In examining the art of the period, Walsh reflects the latest research and insights from contemporary scholars. Complete with numerous illustrations and supported by online resources, A Guide to Eighteenth-Century Art offers illuminating insights into the dramatic artistic achievements that transpired between the waning days of the baroque and the Age of Revolution"

"Dhanurveda adalah kitab ilmu kemiliteran tertua dari zaman Hindu yang dianggap sebagai pedoman dari segala kegiatan yang melibatkan busur panah. Manuskrip Dhanurveda yang tersisa sekarang ini hanya merupakan fragmen atau versi ringkas dari yang asli namun cukup untuk menunjukkan bahwa ilmu kemiliteran khususnya tentang seni memanah merupakan bagian penting dari ajaran nenek moyang di masa lampau. Berbagai relief dari candi-candi besar masa Klasik Tua (abad ke-8-10 M), yaitu candi Prambanan dan candi Borobudur merekam semua bukti-bukti kedigjayaan yang melibatkan busur panah. Sthana (postur tubuh ketika memanah) dan mudra (konfigurasi atau bentuk kepalan jemari tangan) yang menjadi faktor pendukung terbesar keberhasilan seorang pemanah dalam melesatkan anak panah dengan baik. Maka dari itu ingin diketahui apakah teknik sthana dan mudra adegan memanah yang tergambar di relief candi mencerminkan tata aturan dari kitab Dhanurveda; apakah fungsi panahan pada masyarakat Jawa Kuna sebagai masyarakat pendukung zaman itu dan bagaimana keberlanjutan penggunaan sthana dan mudra Dhanurveda setelah masa Klasik berakhir. Kajian ini menggunakan cara-cara kualitatif dengan menggunakan tahapan penelitian yang dimulai dari pengumpulan relief-relief beradegan memanah dari candi Prambanan dan candi Borobudur sebagai data primer, pengolahan data, analisis dan interpretasi. Tahapan interpretasi dibantu dengan data sekunder berupa manuskrip karya sastra Jawa Kuna yaitu Kakawin Ramayana dan berbagai cerita Buddhacarita. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan pada 20 panil relief yang di dalamnya terdapat 25 adegan memanah, didapat bukti bahwa terdapat 22 sthana dan 14 mudra yang memiliki kesesuaian dengan teknik memanah dari Dhanurveda. Pengaruh Dhanurveda dalam seni memanah masih melekat kuat di Jawa dan seiring berjalannya waktu, panahan menjadi sebuah bagian dari seni dan hiburan serta cabang olahraga hingga ke masa modern.

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Dhanurveda is the oldest military manuscript from the Hindu era which is considered as guidance to all activities involving bows and arrows. The Dhanurveda manuscripts that still available today are only fragments or abridged versions from the original book, but they are sufficient to show that military science, especially the art of archery, was an important part of the teachings of our ancestors in the past. Various reliefs from large temples of Old Classical period (8th-10th century AD), namely Prambanan and Borobudur temples, record all evidence of the art of archery greatness. Sthana and mudra are important supporting factors for archer's success in shooting arrow. Therefore, the critical questions are whether sthana and mudra techniques of the archery scenes depicted on the temple reliefs reflect the rules of Dhanurveda; What was the function of archery in Old Javanese society in that era and how was the continuation of the use of Dhanurvedic sthanas and mudras after the Classical period ended? This study uses qualitative methods by utilizing research stages from collecting reliefs of archery scenes from Prambanan and Borobudur temples as primary data, data processing, analysis and interpretation. The interpretation stage is assisted by secondary data, that is manuscripts of Old Javanese literary works, Kakawin Ramayana and various Buddhacarita stories. Based on research conducted on 20 relief panels, in which there are 25 archery scenes, evidence was obtained that there are 22 sthanas and 14 mudras which are in accordance with the archery techniques from Dhanurveda. The influence of Dhanurveda in the art of archery is still persisting in Java and over time, archery has become a part of art and entertainment as well as a sport until modern times."