Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Bayi prematur memerlukan perawatan dan perhatian lebih dibandingkan dengan bayi yang lahir cukup bulan. Selain itu kelahiran bayi prematur juga menimbulkan kecemasan dan mempengaruhi kepercayaan diri ibu merawat bayi. Dalam perawatan, bayi prematur membutuhkan kenyamanan. Ketidaknyamanan yang dirasakan bayi akan berdampak pada developmental care dan kemampuan bayi bertahan hidup. Keterlibatan orang tua dalam merawat bayi dapat memberikan kenyamanan pada bayi. Sehingga kemampuan ibu dalam merawat bayi prematur di rumah sangat penting agar bayi dapat terhindar dari penyakit yang dapat menyebabkan rawat ulang, gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pada masa balita seperti mengalami stunting, bahkan non communicable diseases saat dewasa. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penerapan asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur yang dapat memberikan kenyamanan secara holistik. Karya Ilmiah Akhir Spesialis ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran aplikasi teori Comfort Kolkaba dalam asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur. Desain yang digunakan adalah dengan metode studi kasus yang didapatkan dari lima kasus terpilih. Teori Comfort Kolkaba mampu memfasilitasi perawat untuk menggali masalah keperawatan pada bayi prematur secara komprehensif. Pemberian edukasi kepada ibu menggunakan media audiovisual berupa video mengenai perawatan bayi prematur dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri ibu (nilai p < 0,05), sehingga ibu dapat merawat bayinya dengan baik dan bayi dapat tumbuh optimal. Penerapan teori Comfort Kolkaba dan edukasi menggunakan video tentang perawatan bayi prematur dapat direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan dalam asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur.

---

Premature babies require more care and attention compared to full-term babies. In addition, premature birth also causes anxiety and affects the mother's confidence in caring for the baby. In care, premature babies need comfort. The discomfort felt by the baby will have an impact on developmental care and the baby's ability to survive. Parental involvement in caring for the baby can provide comfort to the baby. So the mother's ability to care for premature babies at home is very important so that the baby can avoid diseases that can cause re-hospitalization, growth and development disorders in toddlers such as stunting, and even non-communicable diseases as adults. Therefore, it is necessary to apply nursing care to premature babies that can provide holistic comfort. This Specialist Final Scientific Paper aims to provide an overview of the application of Kolkaba's Comfort theory in nursing care for premature babies. The design used is the case study method obtained from five selected cases. Kolkaba's Comfort theory is able to facilitate nurses to explore nursing problems in premature babies comprehensively. Providing education to mothers using audiovisual media in the form of videos regarding premature baby care can increase mother's confidence (p value < 0,05), so that the mother can care for her baby well and the baby can grow optimally. The application of Comfort Kolkaba's theory and education using videos on premature baby care can be recommended for application in nursing care for premature babies."

"Pengontrolan suhu tubuh sangat penting pada bayi prematur karena fluktuasi suhu meningkatkan ketidakseimbangan tingkat metabolisme bayi baru lahir. Pengaturan suhu tubuh yang buruk menjadi sasaran faktor lingkungan yang dapat menyebabkan kehilangan panas yang cepat sehingga rentan terhadap peningkatan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas akibat hipotermia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penerapan teori Konservasi  Levine dalam mengatasi masalah risiko termoregulasi tidak efektif pada bayi baru prematur di ruang Perinatologi. Model Konservasi Levine berfokus pada peningkatan adaptasi dan mempertahankan integritas diri (wholeness) dengan menggunakan prinsip konservasi. Masalah risiko termoregulasi tidak efektif merupakan salah satu gambaran terganggunya konservasi energi mencakup ketersediaan dan pengeluaran energi bayi baru lahir dan menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan konsumsi oksigen dengan mempertahankan fungsi normal termogenesis

---

Body temperature control is very important in preterm infant because temperature fluctuations improve the balance. Poor body temperature regulation is the target of environmental factors that can cause rapid heat loss, making them susceptible to an increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to hypothermia. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of Levine's Conservation theory in overcoming the problem of ineffective thermoregulation risk in premature newborns in the Perinatology room. Levine's Conservation Model focuses on increasing adaptation and maintaining wholeness using conservation principles. The problem of the risk  ineffective thermoregulation is one of the features of the disruption energy conservation and energy expenditure of baby and causes an increase in oxygen consumption by maintaining normal thermogenesis function.

 

"

"[ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Prematuritas merupakan salah satu kelainan yang masih menjadimasalah global. Kejadian prematuritas tidak hanya terjadi di negara berkembangtetapi juga di negara maju. Beberapa kondisi ibu hamil dapat memicu keadaanhipoksia dalam rahim sehingga menyebabkan kelahiran prematur. Keadaanplasenta menggambarkan kesejahteraan janin intra uteri. Kondisi hipoksia selulermemicu ekspresi HIF-1α yang menjadi faktor transkripsi bagi CA9 sebagaipenanda hipoksia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh hipoksiaterhadap plasenta prematur.Metode: Sampel menggunakan plasenta prematur yang hipoksia (H) dan nonhipoksia(N) sebagai kontrol. Parameter yang dinilai adalah struktur histologisplasenta (Hematoksilin-Eosin), regulator hipoksia HIF-1α (imunohistokimia), danpenanda hipoksia CA9 (ELISA).Hasil: Penilaian struktur histologis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan jumlahpembuluh darah fetus antara kedua kelompok secara bermakna, dimana padakelompok hipoksia jumlah pembuluh darah fetus lebih banyak dibandingkankelompok non-hipoksia. Distribusi intensitas ekspresi HIF-1α kedua kelompokjuga berbeda bermakna. Rerata kadar CA9 kedua kelompok tidak berbedabermakna, namun terdapat kecenderungan rerata kadar CA9 kelompok hipoksialebih tinggi 28% dibandingkan yang non-hipoksia.Kesimpulan: Pengaruh hipoksia terhadap plasenta prematur pada tingkatmolekuler berupa stabilitas protein HIF-1α yang menyebabkan peningkatanjumlah pembuluh darah fetus dan terjadi kecenderungan peningkatan sintesisprotein CA9.

---

ABSTRACTBackground: Prematurity is a disorder that is still a global problem. Incidence ofprematurity is a problem in developing and also in developed countries. Certaincondition accompanying pregnancies may trigger uterine hypoxia, causingpremature birth. The placental condition is related with the intra-uterine fetalcondition. Cellular hypoxic condition caused by systemic chronic hypoxia, lead tostabilization of HIF-1α protein, a transcription factor of CA9. This study aimed toanalyze the effect of hypoxia on the premature placenta.Methods: Samples from hypoxic premature placenta (H) and non-hypoxicpremature placenta (N) were collected. Parameters assessed were histologicalstructure of the placenta (Hematoxylin-Eosin), expression of HIF-1α(immunohistochemistry) and the level of CA9 (ELISA).Results: Assessment of histological structure showed the number of fetal bloodvessels were differed significantly between the two group, wherein the hypoxiagroup was more than the non-hypoxia. The distributions of HIF-1α expressionbetween the two groups were also differed significantly. The average level of CA9between two groups were not significant, but there is a tendency of higher level ofCA9 in the hypoxia group (28% higher compared to the non-hypoxia group).Conclusion: It is concluded that the effect of the hypoxia on premature placentain this study occured at molecular level and lead to HIF-1α protein stability thatcauses an increase of the number of fetal blood vessel and synthesis of CA9protein.;Background: Prematurity is a disorder that is still a global problem. Incidence ofprematurity is a problem in developing and also in developed countries. Certaincondition accompanying pregnancies may trigger uterine hypoxia, causingpremature birth. The placental condition is related with the intra-uterine fetalcondition. Cellular hypoxic condition caused by systemic chronic hypoxia, lead tostabilization of HIF-1α protein, a transcription factor of CA9. This study aimed toanalyze the effect of hypoxia on the premature placenta.Methods: Samples from hypoxic premature placenta (H) and non-hypoxicpremature placenta (N) were collected. Parameters assessed were histologicalstructure of the placenta (Hematoxylin-Eosin), expression of HIF-1α(immunohistochemistry) and the level of CA9 (ELISA).Results: Assessment of histological structure showed the number of fetal bloodvessels were differed significantly between the two group, wherein the hypoxiagroup was more than the non-hypoxia. The distributions of HIF-1α expressionbetween the two groups were also differed significantly. The average level of CA9between two groups were not significant, but there is a tendency of higher level ofCA9 in the hypoxia group (28% higher compared to the non-hypoxia group).Conclusion: It is concluded that the effect of the hypoxia on premature placentain this study occured at molecular level and lead to HIF-1α protein stability thatcauses an increase of the number of fetal blood vessel and synthesis of CA9protein., Background: Prematurity is a disorder that is still a global problem. Incidence ofprematurity is a problem in developing and also in developed countries. Certaincondition accompanying pregnancies may trigger uterine hypoxia, causingpremature birth. The placental condition is related with the intra-uterine fetalcondition. Cellular hypoxic condition caused by systemic chronic hypoxia, lead tostabilization of HIF-1α protein, a transcription factor of CA9. This study aimed toanalyze the effect of hypoxia on the premature placenta.Methods: Samples from hypoxic premature placenta (H) and non-hypoxicpremature placenta (N) were collected. Parameters assessed were histologicalstructure of the placenta (Hematoxylin-Eosin), expression of HIF-1α(immunohistochemistry) and the level of CA9 (ELISA).Results: Assessment of histological structure showed the number of fetal bloodvessels were differed significantly between the two group, wherein the hypoxiagroup was more than the non-hypoxia. The distributions of HIF-1α expressionbetween the two groups were also differed significantly. The average level of CA9between two groups were not significant, but there is a tendency of higher level ofCA9 in the hypoxia group (28% higher compared to the non-hypoxia group).Conclusion: It is concluded that the effect of the hypoxia on premature placentain this study occured at molecular level and lead to HIF-1α protein stability thatcauses an increase of the number of fetal blood vessel and synthesis of CA9protein.]"

"Pengosongan lambung merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada bayi prematur akibat imaturitas sistem gastrointestinal. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini adalah melakukan analisis penerapan Teori Konservasi Levine pada lima bayi prematur yang mengalami masalah pemenuhan kebutuhan nutrisi melalui pemberian posisi miring kanan, pronasi dan miring kiri bergantian selama tiga hari. Pendekatan Teori Konservasi Levine dilakukan dengan menggunakan prinsip konservasi energi, konservasi integritas struktural, konservasi integritas personal, dan konservasi integritas sosial. Hasil penerapan intervensi pengaturan posisi pronasi dengan pendekatan Teori Konservasi Levine dapat menurunkan kejadian muntah, distensi abdomen dan pengeluaran residu lambung. Perawat dapat menjadikan intervensi tersebut sebagai standar prosedur operasional pada bayi prematur yang mengalami masalah pengosongan lambung.

---

Gastric emptying is a common problem in premature infants due to immaturity of the gastrointestinal system. The objective of this case study was to analyze the application of Levine's Conservation Theory to five premature infants who had problems in fulfilllment the nutritional needs through giving alternate position in the right lateral position, pronation and left lateral position for three days. Levine's Conservation Theory was used by applying the principle of energy conservation, structural integrity conservation, personal integrity conservation, and social integrity conservation. The results showed that the implementation of pronation positioning using Levine's Conservation Theory can reduce the frequency of vomiting, abdominal distension, and gastric residual. Nurses can apply the intervention as a standard operating procedure in premature infants who experience gastric emptying."

"ABSTRAK Latar Belakang. Kemajuan dalam penanganan bayi prematur menyebabkan angka kesintasan meningkat. Akibatnya, angka kesakitan bayi prematur jugameningkat, salah satunya adalah osteopenia of prematurity (OOP). Pemeriksaankadar kalsium, fosfat, dan fosfatase alkali serum saat usia kronologis 4 minggudigunakan sebagai indikator awal sebelum osteopenia tampak secara klinis.Diagnosis sedini mungkin dan pengendalian faktor risiko perlu dilakukansehingga komplikasi dapat dicegah.Tujuan. Mengetahui prevalens dan faktor risiko terjadinya OOP.Desain Penelitian. Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang ini dilaksanakanpada bayi prematur dengan usia gestasi ≤32 minggu di Divisi Perinatalogi RS Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo. Subyek diperiksa kadar kalsium serum, fosfat inorganikserum, dan fosfatase alkali serum. Pada subyek dilakukan pencatatan faktor risikoOOP untuk menilai hubungan antar variabel dan dilakukan analisis bivariatdengan uji chi square. Hasil Penelitian. Terdapat 80 subyek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian.Delapan dari 80 subyek (10%) ditemukan menderita OOP. Faktor risiko yangdianalisis dalam penelitian ini ditemukan tidak memiliki hubungan bermaknadengan kejadian OOP, yakni lama penggunaan nutrisi parenteral total (p=0,457),lama penggunaan metilsantin (p=1,000), berat lahir (p=0,459), preeklampsiaberat pada ibu (p=0,344), korioamnionitis pada ibu (p=0,261), dan pemberiannutrisi enteral (p=0,797).Simpulan. Prevalens OOP di RS Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo adalah 10%. Faktorlama penggunaan nutrisi parenteral total, penggunaan metilsantin, berat lahir,preeklampsia berat pada ibu, korioamnionitis, dan pemberian nutrisi enteral tidak memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian OOP.ABSTRACT Background. Advances in management of premature infants had increased the survival rate of these infants. However there is also increase of morbidity such as osteopenia of prematurity (OOP). Laboratory examination of serum calcium,phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase at the chronological age of 4 weeks is usedas early indicator before osteopenia become clinically appearant. Early diagnosisand risk control are needed to prevent complication. Objective. To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of OOP.Methods. A cross sectional study was done in premature infants <32 weeks ofgestational age in Perinatalogy Division of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.Laboratory examination of serum calcium, phosphate, and alkalinephosphatasewere conducted toward these subjects. Risk factors of OOP were alsoevaluated. Bivariat analysis was analysed by chi square test.Results. There are 80 subjects who meet the study criteria. Eight of 80 subjects(10%) was diagnosed as OOP. No risk factors have significant relationship withOOP incidence, which include duration of total parenteral nutrition (p=0,457),duration of methylxanthine usage (p=1,000), birth weight (p=0,459), severepreecalampsia in the mother (p=0,344), chorioamnionitis in the mother(p=0,261), and enteral nutrition (p=0,797).Conclusion. Prevalence of OOP in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital is 10%. Thereare no significant relationship between OOP incidence and duration of totalparenteral nutrition, methylxanthine usage, birth weight, severe preeclampsia in the mother, chorioamnionitis, and enteral nutrition.;Background. Advances in management of premature infants had increased the survival rate of these infants. However there is also increase of morbidity such as osteopenia of prematurity (OOP). Laboratory examination of serum calcium,phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase at the chronological age of 4 weeks is usedas early indicator before osteopenia become clinically appearant. Early diagnosisand risk control are needed to prevent complication. Objective. To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of OOP.Methods. A cross sectional study was done in premature infants <32 weeks ofgestational age in Perinatalogy Division of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.Laboratory examination of serum calcium, phosphate, and alkalinephosphatasewere conducted toward these subjects. Risk factors of OOP were alsoevaluated. Bivariat analysis was analysed by chi square test.Results. There are 80 subjects who meet the study criteria. Eight of 80 subjects(10%) was diagnosed as OOP. No risk factors have significant relationship withOOP incidence, which include duration of total parenteral nutrition (p=0,457),duration of methylxanthine usage (p=1,000), birth weight (p=0,459), severepreecalampsia in the mother (p=0,344), chorioamnionitis in the mother(p=0,261), and enteral nutrition (p=0,797).Conclusion. Prevalence of OOP in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital is 10%. Thereare no significant relationship between OOP incidence and duration of totalparenteral nutrition, methylxanthine usage, birth weight, severe preeclampsia in the mother, chorioamnionitis, and enteral nutrition."

"Kompleksitas perawatan bayi yang intensif menyebabkan ada perawatan rutin yang terlewatkan sehingga dapat memperpanjang lama perawatan, risiko rawat ulang, meningkatkan komplikasi bayi, dan menurunkan kepuasan orang tua. Penelitian cross-sectional ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara pelaksanaan perawatan bayi prematur dengan kepuasan orang tua. Teknik consecutive sampling dilakukan untuk memilih 59 perawat dan 59 orang tua bayi prematur. Analisis menggunakan uji Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata pelaksanaan perawatan bayi prematur sebesar 161,93 dan rata-rata kepuasan orang tua sebesar 280,07. Terdapat hubungan antara pelaksanaan perawatan bayi prematur dengan kepuasan orang tua (pvalue<0,001, r= 0,77). Bagi pelayanan keperawatan dapat menjadi evaluasi terhadap kinerja perawat untuk meningkatkan kualitas perawatan bayi prematur dan kepuasan orang tua meningkat.

---

Complexity of intensive care of premature babies causes some routine nursing cares are overlooked which may lead to extension of length of stay, risk of rehospitalization, additional disease complications, and decrease of parents satisfaction. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the relationship between the implementation of a premature babies care with parents satisfaction. Consecutive sampling technique was conducted to select 59 nurses and 59 parents of premature babies as research respondents. The data was analyzed with Pearson test. The results showed that the average of premature babies care score was 161.93 and the average of parents satisfaction score was 280.07. There was a significant relationship between the implementation of premature babies care with parents satisfaction (p value <0.001, r = 0.77). Nursing care should be evaluated to improve the performance of nurses and the quality of care of premature babies and parents satisfaction."

"Kelahiran prematur atau bayi yang lahir sebelum usia kehamilan 37 minggu merupakan masalah kesehatan global yang memiliki risiko tinggi terhadap morbiditas dan mortalitas bayi. Bayi prematur yang lahir kurang dari usia kehamilan 34 minggu memiliki pola menghisap-menelan-bernafas yang tidak terkoordinasi dengan sempurna. Koordinasi dan keterampilan menghisap merupakan faktor penting dalam mencapai pemberian oral yang aman dan sukses pada bayi prematur. Intervensi stimulasi oral dapat diterapkan untuk mendukung perkembangan refleks menghisap dan menelan serta mengurangi lama waktu transisi dari pemberian minum melalui enteral ke oral. Karya ilmiah ini memberikan gambaran mengenai proses asuhan keperawatan pada bayi prematur dan efektifitas penerapan Oromotor Stimulation (OMS) selama 8 hari perawatan. Pemberian stimulasi dilakukan 15-30 menit sebelum pemberian minum dengan durasi selama 15 menit. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan Oromotor Stimulation (OMS) efektif dalam meningkatkan berat badan dan kesiapan minum secara oral. Setelah diberikan intervensi, berat badan bayi meningkat dengan rata-rata kenaikan 24,2 gram/hari. Hasil evaluasi objektif menggunakan instrumen Premature Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale (POFRAS) menunjukkan peningkatan skor dari 23 menjadi 34 yang berarti bayi memiliki kesiapan minum per- oral yang baik.

---

Premature birth or infants born before 37 weeks of gestation is a global health problem that has a high risk of infant morbidity and mortality. Premature infants born less than 34 weeks of gestation have a pattern of sucking-swallowing-breathing that is not perfectly coordinated. Coordination and sucking skills are important factors in achieving safe and successful oral administration of preterm infants. Oral stimulation interventions can be used to support the development of sucking and swallowing reflexes and to reduce the transition time from enteral to oral feeding. This scientific work provides an overview of the process of nursing care for premature infants and the effectiveness of Oromotor Stimulation (OMS) for 8 days. Stimulation is given 15-30 minutes before feeding with a duration of 15 minutes. Evaluation results show that Oromotor Stimulation (OMS) is effective in increasing body weight and readiness to oral feeding. After being given the intervention, the baby's weight increased with an average increase of 24.2 grams/day. The results of an objective evaluation using the Premature Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment Scale (POFRAS) instrument showed an increase in score from 23 to 34 which means that the infant has good oral feeding readiness."

"Kelahiran bayi prematur dan perawatan di ruang rawat intensif neonatus merupakan peristiwa yang menyebabkan sumber stres pada orang tua khususnya ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai pengalaman ibu selama perawatan masa awal kehidupan bayi prematur di ruang rawat intensif neonatus RSUP Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Klaten. Desain penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi ini pada delapan partisipan. Analisis data menggunakan metode Colaizzi dan menghasilkan tujuh tema penelitian, yaitu: reaksi ibu, proses berduka, dampak perawatan bayi prematur, koping diri ibu, upaya ibu untuk meningkatkan hubungan kelekatan (bonding attachment), dukungan terhadap ibu, dan harapan selama perawatan bayi prematur.

---

The birth and treatment of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit is the event that makes it the source of stress to parents especially the mother. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the experience of mother during the early life of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit of Dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Central Hospital, Klaten. This qualitative research design with phenomenology approach took eight participants. The data analysis uses Colaizzi method and produced seven research themes, namely: the mothers reaction, the grieving process, the impact of premature infant care, mother's self 'coping efforts, the mothers' attempts to improve the close and attached relationship (bonding attachment), the support for the mother, and expectations for the care of premature infants."

"Pelibatan ibu dalam perawatan bayi prematur merupakan salah satu komponen konsep family centered care. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh pelibatan ibu terhadap interaksi ibu-bayi dan kepercayaan diri ibu dalam merawat bayi prematur. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuasi eksperimen one-group pretest-posttest design. Penelitian ini melibatkan 16 orang ibu-bayi yang dipilih dengan teknik konsekutif di ruang Perinatologi RSUP Fatmawati Jakarta selama bulan Mei-Juni 2013. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa skala interaksi ibu-bayi dan kepercayaan diri ibu meningkat secara signifikan (p=0,0005). Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan upaya peningkatan pelibatan ibu dalam perawatan bayi prematur di ruang Perinatologi.

---

Mothers involvement in premature infant care is a component of the family centered care. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of mothers involvement on mother-infant interactions and maternal confidence in premature infant care. This study used a quasy experimental with one-group pretest-posttest design. Sixteen partisipants were choosed using consecutive sampling technique in Neonatal Unit Level I-II RSUP Fatmawati Jakarta during May-June 2013. The result of statistic analysis showed that mother-infant interactions scale and maternal confidence increase significantly (p=0,0005). This study recommends the improvement of mothers involvement in premature infant care in neonatal unit."