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"ABSTRACTThis article begins with a small reflection on the importance of oral skills in Spanish for foreigners. Next, it assesses briefly the disagreement between the written and grammatical competences with respect to the oral ones, stating that students present, both in Spanish and in other languages, deficiencies in the oral comprehension that the system should correct. Finally, the author presents an active, individualized and self-correcting methodology that she has successfully implemented in several courses and levels at the University of Osaka during the first term of the 2018-2019 academic year. This methodology will be used in the future in order to check its long-term results and the possible changes in its development."

"ABSTRACTChinas contemporary) trans-regional initiative. to establish the. Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) -previously known as One Beit One Road (OBOR) -has attracted a lot of attention; not only because the initiative involves more than 60 countries across Asia, Africa and south Europe, but also because it represents a re-emerging China that is being considered a challenger to the post-second World War liberal world order led by the United States. The initiative has also been perceived JS a Chinese strategy to enhance its influence beyond its traditional reaim by tJking advantage of its economic prowess. Indonesia was among the first countries introduced to the OBOR and whose territory is at the heart of the OBOR route. The country, however, has been prudent in the face of Chinese offers since it has perceived the initiative as both an opportunity and challenge in economic as well as strategic dimensions. In addition, the Chinese BRI grand initic1tive may create regional pro­blems due to hotspots in the South China Sea and the inclination of some regional states to support China rather than strengthen the Association of the Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Thus, while it is important to weicome the initiative, critical assessments of the project are indeed necessary in order to understand its impact on the geo-economy and geo-politics of involved regions cind on future relations between the involved countries and China."