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"The first half of the twentieth century in Indonesia is often remembered as the Age of Motion. The term “motion” (pergerakan) is invariably used in history textbooks for students and in the official Indonesian historiography: Sejarah nasional Indonesia (Kartodirdjo, Poesponegoro, and Notosusanto 1975; Poesponegoro and Notosusanto 2008) and in the new edition, Indonesia dalam arus sejarah (Lapian and Abdullah 2012). Political movements in Indonesia always dominated the discourses of pergerakan at the expense of developments in other sectors, including culture. This cultural development, particularly in Java, was intricately intertwined with the upsurge in Javanese and then Indonesian nationalism, an expansion of modernity and Islamic revivalism. Topeng Panji with all of its forms around Java is symptomatic of this development. This paper is an initial investigation into the developments of topeng Panji across Java in the Age of Motion. By tracing the social and cultural histories from the perspective of the bureaucrats, artists, and government officials who wrote in books, journals, and other contemporary sources, this study aims to highlight topeng Panji and its development during that period."

"This article discusses the Javanese Panji-story Kuda Narawangsa, which I first watched as a masked performance in a village south of Yogyakarta in 1977. The play featured Galuh Candra Kirana, spouse of Prince Panji of Jenggala, in the masculine form of “Kuda Narawangsa”. Historical information on this play in archival manuscript sources, found mainly in the collections of Leiden University Libraries, proves that it was well-known in Java during the nineteenth century. In this article, descriptions of performances in manuscripts or printed publications are combined with historical play-scripts (pakem) from Surakarta and Yogyakarta, which have not been investigated so far. Special attention is paid to the script of a masked performance of the Kuda Narawangsa story in a manuscript from the Mangkunegaran palace, investigating what this historical pakem can tell us about the meaning and context of a masked performance of this story in nineteenth century Java. A story which according to recent publications remains relevant in Indonesian society to this day"

"Assessment Center merupakan metode moderen yang digunakan dalam penilaian kompetensi. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai evaluasi program assessment center dalam sektor publik untuk para pejabat struktural yakni di Kementerian Agama. Penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam. Hasil Penelitian ini adalah Kementerian Agama masih belum menerapkan pilot project sesuai dengan assessment center didalam organisasi. Perlu adanya perbaikan dalam sistem pemilihan assessor.

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Assessment Center is a modern method that used by management to do competency assessment. This thesis is about Evaluation on Assessment Center Programme can run in public organization, in this case Ministry of Religion. Qualitative is the method that used to do the research with a deep interview technic. The result of this research is assessment center at Ministry of Religion still have improvement. They need to follow the theory of assessment center and need to train internal assessor."

"School culture is behind-the-scene context that is reflects of the values, beliefs, norms, tradition, and ritual that build up overtime a people in schoolwork together-administrator, teachers, students, parents, and community members. It influenced all the components of school in the process of education directly. It is assumed that school culture could make the educational achievement different. It is also assumed that school culture influenced teacher culture.This research's prime vision is to know whether there is difference of school culture between a higher-success and a lower-success Senior High School in Klaten, Central Java, and to what extent they differ according to their school performance. It also aims to know the relationship between school culture and teacher culture and to what extent the school culture influenced the teacher culture.Like the other social organization, school is an organization that has a culture. To measure the school culture, there are three indicators such as: norms of school culture behavior, beliefs, and core slues. While to measure teacher culture whether the school has positive or negative teacher cultures there are also three indicators collegiality, collaboration, and efficacy.This study employed a quantitative approach. Technique for collecting data is using questionnaire, unstructured interview and documents. The measure employed Likert Side, with five options: strongly agree, agree, uncertain, disagree, and strongly disagree. The techniques Analysis used in this study are descriptive statistic, T-test, Correlation, and Regression.Statistically, the study concluded that there is a difference of school culture between a higher-success school and a lower-success school. The score obtained by the two schools shows the difference. The difference of the mean is 3.56. The differences are on the norms of behavior, beliefs, and values. In testing the difference using t-test, the result shows that score oft value is larger than score oft table. Or the score of probability is less than 0.05. It showed that null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected or the two schools have different school culture. It also showed that the higher-success school has score of school culture that is higher than the lower-success school. The results implicated that the higher-success school has a better school culture than the lower-success school.Nevertheless, the difference of school culture found in this study is not too striking. So the difference could not viewed as white and black, because culture of the schools didn't work and process all alone. There is other side going along to shape the school culture and to determine the success or failure of the school. In this case, culture of Klaten community greatly influenced the schools.In the second testing of hypothesis, statistically, this study also concluded that there is a positive relationship between school culture and teacher culture. The value oft (2.486) is larger than value oft table (1.67), or the probability is more than alpha (0.05). It shows that null hypothesis is rejected. The strength of the relationship is shown by the coefficient correlation (the level of significance is 0.05) obtained in this analysis that is 0.793. This result shows that the relationship is very significant. It can be interpreted that norm of behavior, belief and school values influenced teacher's culture (collegiality, collaboration and teacher's sense of efficacy).Local community culture also influenced the teacher culture. "Klateneses", like other Javanese, has a permissive culture. They are so kind, friendly and easy to work together. This condition could support collegiality and collaboration activities."

"ABSTRAKKajian komik Indonesia sepanjang sejarahnya terlalu sedikit, maka sebuah kajian yang mendalam layak dilakukan. Kajian ini membandingkan buku komik Panji Tengkorak yang digubah oleh Hans Jaladara sampai tiga kali, yakni tahun 1968, 1985, dan 1996, yang sebagai kesatuan disebut Tiga Panji Tengkorak. Maksud dan tujuan kajian atas Tiga Panji Tengkorak adalah mencari tahu dan mengungkapkan bagaimana kebudayaan berlangsung.Dengan begitu maka Panji Tengkorak 1968, Panji Tengkorak 1985, dan Panji Tengkorak 1996 dibandingkan sekaligus secara simultan, dari leksia ke leksia secara kronologis, sebagai modifikasi pendekatan Barthes atas Sarrasine dalam S/Z.Pembacaan kembali Tiga Panji Tengkorak ini menggunakan kacamata teori kornik dan kajian budaya sebagai teori tandem: teori kornik yang mengacu Topffer, Gombrich, Eisner dan McCloud dimanfaatkan untuk membaca aspek visual Tiga Panji Tengkorak, sedangkan teori kajian budaya yang teracu kepada Foucault, Gramsci, Hall, dan Mulhern mempertimbangkan makna yang terungkap dari naratif Tiga Panji Tengkorak; keduanya selalu dalam konteks keterbandingan.Dalam pembacaan itu terungkapkan suatu perbincangan dalam lima topik. Pertama, bahwa pendekatan gambar yang teracu dalam Tiga Panji Tengkorak adalah gambar realisme dalam wacana kemiripan dan gambar kartun dalam wacana kesepadanan. Dari penemuan ini terbangun konstruksi oposisional antara ideology objektivitas dalam wacana kemiripan yang terdapat dalam Panji Tengkorak 1968 dan Panji Tengkorak 1985; dan ideologi subjektivitas dalam wacana kesepadanan yang terdapat dalam Panji Tengkorak 1996. Namun, kedua, simulasi sejumlah kode, yakni kode serius, kode lucu, dan kode dagang dalam Gugus Kode 1; dan kode artistik, kode silat, ataupun kode kekerasan dalam Gugus Kode 2; memperlihatkan berlangsungnya pertukaran kode antargugus-dan ini berarti konstruksi oposisional yang terbentuk sebelumnya mengalami keretakan. DaIam topik ketiga, disimulasikan Identitas Asal, Identitas Terkehendaki, dan Bukan-Identitas dalam Gugus Identitas Pribadi; ataupun Identitas Faktual dan Identitas Non-Faktual dalam Gugus Identitas Budaya Geogratis-dari sini terlacak terdapatnya politik identitas dan berlangsungnya pergulatan antarwacana. Topik keempat menunjukkan terdapatnya perlawanan terhadap bias konstruksi gender yang termaknakan dalam perbandingan Tiga Panji Tengkorak. Dalam topik kelima terumuskan bahwa dari representasi dalam naratif ataupun makna yang direpresentasikannya terungkapkan berlangsungnya ketidakmapanan sistem dalam pergulatan antarwacana.Dalam rekapitulasi kemudian terbongkar bahwa objektivitas dan subjektivitas adalah representasi ideologis bagi konstruksi realitas-pembebanan makna atas realitas yang ideologis itu menjadi pergulatan antarwacana yang memberlangsungkan kebudayaan; yang memang akan selalu terhadirkan sebagai metakebudayaan, yakni kebudayaan tentang kebudayaan, karena kebudayaan hanya terhadirkan dalam proses sebuah perbincangan. Ini berarti manusia yang berada di dalam kebudayaan dalam hubungan dibentuk/membentuk kebudayaan hanya akan melihat kebudayaan sebagai suatu jejak. Tiga Panji Tengkorak adalah jejak jejak kebudayaan yang dalam pembongkaran telah memperlihatkan berlangsungnya kebudayaan.

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ABSTRACT

A comic study is yet an undeveloped research area in the Indonesian comics, within the framework of the theory of comics and cultural studies. That is why a thorough study about the subject is highly appropriate. This dissertation is a comparison of three different editions of Panji Tengkorak by Hans Jaladara, published consecutively in 1968, 1985, and 1996, which as a whole can be called the Three Panji Tengkorak. The aim of this study is to discover and to reveal how culture operates.

In this study, Panji Tengkorak 1968, Panji Tengkorak 1985, and Panji Tengkorak 1996 are simultaneously compared. The analysis is done through a modification of Roland Barthes method in S/Z. The Three Panji Tengkorak are analyzed by breakings them down into smallest units called lexia and by comparing the lexias in a chronological order. The theory of comics from Topffer, Gombrich, Eisner and McCloud are used to analyze the visual aspect of the Three Panji Tengkorak, and the theories of Cultural Studies, namely the works of Foucault, Gramsci, Hall, and Mulhern are used to consider the meanings revealed from the narrative of the Three Panji Tengkorak.

The analysis covers five topics: First is the overlapping modes of realism which is based on likeness and cartoon which is based on equivalence. From this findings, it can be concluded that although inconsistent, the ideology of objectivity based on likeness is found in Panji Tengkorak 1968 and Panji Tengkorak 1985; and the ideology of subjectivity based on equivalence is found in Panji Tengkorak 1996. Second, the simulation of several codes i.e. the serious, comical and economic codes in Cluster I; the artistic, martial art and violence codes in Cluster 2, shows that there is some code switching inside each - and between - those two groups, and this shows inconsistencies and contradiction. The third topic raises the issue of identity (desired and non-identity, factual and non-factual). Here we see the politics of identity at war within the discourses of the texts. The fourth topic shows contradiction in the gender, ideology of the three texts. The fifth shows that representation is unstable. This dissertation concludes that objectivity and subjectivity are ideological representation of the construction of reality. These ideological contractions are at war within the discourses and this is the way culture operates."

"Skripsi ini menganalisis sebuah cerita yang berjudul Panji Jayengtilam dengan menggunakan pendekatan model aktansial dan fungsional Greimas Penelitian difokuskan kepada unsur yang terkandung dalam aktan pengirim hubungan keempat aktan inti dan fungsi tokoh dalam membangun alur cerita Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa unsur yang terkandung dalam peraga aktan pengirim sama Cerita Panji Jayengtilam dapat disimpulkan sebagai karya sastra naratif berbentuk roman yang dalam skema aktansialnya terdapat kesamaan peraga aktan subjek dan penerima Adapun peraga aktan objek juga menjadi pengirim unsur rasa cinta dan kasih sayang yang terkandung dalam peraga aktan pengirim Kata kunci Greimas strukturalisme aktan karya sastra berbentuk roman.

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This undergraduate thesis analyzes a story entitled Panji Jayengtilam by using actantial model and functional of Greimas approaches This study is focused on the element contained in the actant sender the relationship between four actantial basics and the function of actor in the story The results of this study revealed that the element contained in the actant sender are in the same The story of Panji Jayengtilam is regarded as narrative romance story which in it rsquo s actantial scheme there is a similarity of actor between actant subject and receiver While the actor of actant object also becomes the element of love and affection which are contained in the actor of actant sender. "

"Dewasa ini jamu kembali populer di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kemunculan wabah covid-19 yang sejak awal Maret 2020 menjangkit di Indonesia. Himbauan untuk selalu menjaga kesehatan dan meningkatkan imun tubuh terus digaungkan. Ahli farmakologi memaparkan bahwa ramuan tradisional yang terbuat dari berbagai rempah dapat meningkatkan sistem imun. Pengetahuan mengenai ramuan tradisional dapat ditemukan dalam naskah pengobatan, salah satunya yaitu naskah Panji mawi Jajanturan Wayang. Naskah ini berisi berbagai jenis penyakit dan ramuan obat. Berkenaan dengan ini pertanyaan yang muncul adalah apa saja jenis penyakit dan ramuan obat yang terdapat pada naskah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan memaparkan jenis penyakit dan ramuan yang digunakan untuk pengobatan penyakit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode filologi, untuk menganalisis kandungan isi teksnya diterapkan teori etnomedisin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat dua jenis penyakit yang tertulis dalam naskah Panji mawi Jajanturan Wayang, yaitu personalistik dan naturalistik. Selain itu, berdasarkan studi literatur diketahui bahwa sebagian ramuan yang digunakan dalam pengobatan memiliki khasiat yang sesuai dengan penggunaannya.

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In this era, herbal medicine becomes popular among Indonesian citizens. This matter was caused by the emergence of COVID-19 outbreaks that have infected Indonesian citizens since the beginning of March 2020. The suggestion for always maintaining health and improving the body's immune continue to be promoted. Pharmacologists explained that traditional herbs made from various spices can enhance the immune system. Knowledge about traditional herbs can be found in medical manuscripts, one of them is the Javanese manuscripts entitled Panji mawi Jajanturan Wayang (abbreviated PJW). The manuscript contains various types of diseases and drugs. In this regard, the question that arises is what medicinal ingredients and types of the diseases contained in the PJW text. This study aims to inform herbs that are useful in the treatment of diseases in PJW text. Philology method uses in this research. Meanwhile, to examine the contents of the text applied ethnomedicine theory. The result showed that there are two types of diseases contained in PJW manuscript, namely personalistic and naturalistic. In addition, based on the study’s literature its known that herbs used in PJW medical treatment have the efficacy that match with its usability.

 

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