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"Upaya penngkatan mutu batako yang berbahan baku tanah pozzolan (TP, tras) dan kapur (K) telah dilakukan dengan menambahkan limbah abu terbang (AT) dan limbah karbit (LK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AT dan LK dengan berbagai komposisi dapat meningkatkan mutu batako. Batako umur 28 hari dengan komposisi (AT:LK:TP:K = 4:1:8:3) menghasilkan batako dengan kualitas terbaik. Dibandingkan batako kontrol, kuat tekannya naik dari 27,34 kg/cm2 menjadi 52,63 kg/cm2, daya serap terhadap air turun dari 30,43% menjadi 29,54% dan berat jenis turun dari 1,73 g/mL menjadi 1,47 g/mL."

"ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini, dilakukan pembuatan komposit abu terbang/TiO2 dengan TiO2 P25, abu terbang dari PT Pupuk Kaltim, dan surfaktan kationik Hexadecyltrimethylamonium Bromide HTAB . Komposit dikarakterisasi SEM EDX serta diuji coba untuk mendegradasi amonia dalam fotoreaktor. Perbandingan massa abu terbang dan TiO2 yang optimum adalah 2:1 sebanyak 1 gram dalam 250 ml limbah cair amonia dan dapat mengeliminasi amonia cair sebesar 93 selama 180 menit. pH optimum untuk mendegradasi amonia adalah pH 11 dengan persen eliminasi sebesar 79 selama 180 menit. Kinetika reaksi degrasai amonia mengikuti model kinetika Langmuir-Hinshelwood.

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ABSTRACTIn this experiment, the Fly Ash TiO2 composite will be produced using TiO2 P25, fly ash from PT Pupuk Kaltim, and also a cationic surfactant, Hexadecyltrimethylamonium Bromide HTAB . The catalyst characterized by SEM EDX and tested for ammonia degradation at photoreactor. The optimum mass ratio of fly ash and TiO2 is 2 1 1g 250ml liquid waste , allowing reduction of aqueous ammonia concentration up to 93 for 180 minutes of reaction. Optimum pH for ammonia degradation is 11, which decreases ammonia concentration up to 79 for 180 minutes of reaction. Reaction kinetics for ammonia degradation using fly ash TiO2 catalyst follow Langmuir Hinshelwood kinetics."

"[ABSTRAKJakarta adalah kota terbesar di Indonesia. Sebagai kota terbesar di Indonesia, Jakartajuga memiliki populasi yang sangat besar, yang diimbangi oleh majunya ekonomiJakarta. Sebagai imbas populasi dan pertumbuhan ekonomi, permasalahanpengelolaan limbah padat adalah salah satu permasalahan dasar kota Jakarta.Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis keberlanjutan pengelolaan limbahpadat di Jakarta dengan mengukur ekoefisiensinya, serta menganalisis keberlanjutanmetode hydrocracking sebagai cara pengolahan limbah padat perkotaan, khususnya diJakarta. Pada sistem pengelolaan terkini, ditemukan bahwa pengelolaan limbah padatdi Jakarta tidak berlanjut (Ekoefisiensi pada tahun 2013, sebesar 0,52 lebih kecil dari1). Oleh sebab itu diperlukan intervensi berupa proses hydrocracking (Ekoefisiensiproses sebesar 1,775) agar pengelolaan limbah padat di Jakarta berlanjut. Skenariointervensi hydrocracking baru akan berlanjut apabila limbah padat di Jakarta telahdipilah sebesar 50% dan limbah padat organik diproses melalui hydrocrackingsebesar 30%.

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ABSTRACT

Jakarta is the biggest city in Indonesia. As such, it is densely populated, and has a

major economic activity. These two factors contribute towards the current solid waste

management issues in Jakarta. This paper aims to analyze the sustainability of

existing municipal solid waste by measuring its ecoefficiency, and to analyze the

sustainability of hydrocracking method as a means of municipal solid waste

treatment. In the existing condition, We find that Jakarta?s municipal solid waste

management system is not sustainable (In 2013, the ecoefficiency was measured at

0,52 which is less than 1). Therefore, based on this finding we find it to be necessary

to do an intervention. In this paper, the intervention was introduced in the form of

hydrocracking process. As a process we find hydrocracking to be a sustainable

process (ecoefficiency of the process is measured at 1,775). However, the

intervention scenario will only be sustainable, once 50% of the solid waste of sorted,

and if hydrocracking method treats 30% of this fraction;Jakarta is the biggest city in Indonesia. As such, it is densely populated, and has a

major economic activity. These two factors contribute towards the current solid waste

management issues in Jakarta. This paper aims to analyze the sustainability of

existing municipal solid waste by measuring its ecoefficiency, and to analyze the

sustainability of hydrocracking method as a means of municipal solid waste

treatment. In the existing condition, We find that Jakarta?s municipal solid waste

management system is not sustainable (In 2013, the ecoefficiency was measured at

0,52 which is less than 1). Therefore, based on this finding we find it to be necessary

to do an intervention. In this paper, the intervention was introduced in the form of

hydrocracking process. As a process we find hydrocracking to be a sustainable

process (ecoefficiency of the process is measured at 1,775). However, the

intervention scenario will only be sustainable, once 50% of the solid waste of sorted,

and if hydrocracking method treats 30% of this fraction, Jakarta is the biggest city in Indonesia. As such, it is densely populated, and has a

major economic activity. These two factors contribute towards the current solid waste

management issues in Jakarta. This paper aims to analyze the sustainability of

existing municipal solid waste by measuring its ecoefficiency, and to analyze the

sustainability of hydrocracking method as a means of municipal solid waste

treatment. In the existing condition, We find that Jakarta’s municipal solid waste

management system is not sustainable (In 2013, the ecoefficiency was measured at

0,52 which is less than 1). Therefore, based on this finding we find it to be necessary

to do an intervention. In this paper, the intervention was introduced in the form of

hydrocracking process. As a process we find hydrocracking to be a sustainable

process (ecoefficiency of the process is measured at 1,775). However, the

intervention scenario will only be sustainable, once 50% of the solid waste of sorted,

and if hydrocracking method treats 30% of this fraction]"