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"ABSTRAKSmall and medium enterprises (SMEs) contribute substantially to the economic development, income generation, poverty reduction, and particularly job creation for both developed and developing economies. However, compared with large firms, SMEs face several challenges related to their performance and competitiveness. The role of human capital (HC) and human resource practices (HR Practices) in enhancing SMEs competitiveness and performance is vital but understudied areas. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of HC development between the relationship of high-performance work systems (HPWS) and export-oriented SMEs performance. Quantitative strategy and cross-sectional survey method was used to collect data from 205 managerial staff through a self-administered structured questionnaire. HPWS had a significant positive impact on export-oriented SMEs performance. The findings of the study provide evidence that HC development plays a mediating role between HPWS and enterprises performance."

"ABSTRAKStudi-studi model pertumbuhan ekonomi secara umum dijelaskan oleh variabel ekonomi makro dengan analisis kapital, populasi, dan ekspor. Pada kenyataannya, ekspor di setiap negara memiliki proporsi masing-masing sesuai dengan kemampuan manusia dan teknologi yang tersedia. Penelitian ini melibatkan FDI, sektor ekspor berteknologi tinggi dan non berteknologi tinggi, dan PDB pada 50 negara dalam periode 1992-2014. Hasil estimasi model empiris dengan menggunakan random effect model menunjukkan bahwa barang non berteknologi tinggi memberikan dampak positif bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi di semua negara penelitian. Ekspor berteknologi tinggi memberikan bantuan secara positif bagi PDB untuk beberapa negara melalui efek produktifitas.

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ABSTRACTEarlier studies of economic growth models are generally characterized by macroeconomics variable using the behavior of capital, population, and exports. Whereas exports in each country has the proportion of each in accordance with human capabilities and the availability of technology. This study involves FDI, high tech and non high tech exports, and GDP using the 50 countries in the period 1992 2014. The estimation results of an empirical model using random effect model shows that non high tech exports have a positive effect on economic growth in this research. High tech exports providing assistance positively to GDP for some countries through the productivity differential effects. "

"Ekonom terkemuka dunia seperti Adam Smith dan Acemoglu serta Prof. Dr. Boediono, Guru Besar Universitas Gadjah Mada sekaligus Wakil Presiden RI tahun 2009 – 2014 menekankan pentingnya peranan kelembagaan dalam pertumbuhan dan kestabilan ekonomi. Dalam hal ini, kelas menengah diharapkan dapat berperan sebagai kelas reformis dan penentu terciptanya kelembagaan politik dan ekonomi melalui dukungan terhadap demokrasi sebagai bentuk kelembagaan yang mengusung inklusivitas diantara keberagaman yang ada di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini, dukungan tersebut diamati melalui perilaku politik yang mencakup partisipasi memilih dan pilihan partai politik. Data makro menunjukkan bahwa secara nasional, proporsi kelas menengah tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap angka partisipasi memilih di suatu wilayah. Begitupun dengan evaluasi dampak terhadap individu yang mengungkapkan bahwa peningkatan status ekonomi seseorang dari miskin ke kelas menengah tidak berpengaruh nyata pada perilaku memilih. Namun, berdasarkan wilayah, secara umum kelas menengah di daerah perdesaan dan luar Jawa lebih aktif dibanding di perkotaan ataupun Jawa. Dari sisi pilihan politik, terdapat hubungan non-linier (kurva U terbalik) antara proporsi kelas menengah dengan pilihan partai politik Islam. Semakin besar proporsi kelas menengah politik identitas semakin menguat, namun pada proporsi tertentu (sekitar 30%) politik identitas ini semakin melemah. Dengan demikian, masih tersisa harapan bahwa kelas menengah di Indonesia dapat mendukung kemajuan bangsa melalui kontribusinya dalam menguatkan kelembagaan politik dan ekonomi apabila proses pemilihan berlangsung sesuai dengan aturan menghasilkan outcome yang tercermin dalam tata kelola pemerintahan yang berkinerja baik dan terpercaya.

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World-renowned economists such as Adam Smith and Acemoglu as well as Prof. Dr. Boediono, Professor at Gadjah Mada University and Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia in 2009 – 2014 emphasize the importance of the role of institutions in economic growth and stability. In these terms, the middle class is expected to represent the reformist class and determine the achievement of political and economic institutions through support for democracy as an institutional form that promotes inclusivity among the diversity that exists in Indonesia. In this study, this support is observed through political behavior which includes voting participation and choice of political parties. Macro data shows that nationally, the proportion of the middle class has no significant effect on the voter turnout rate in a region. Likewise, the evaluation of the impact on individuals revealed that increasing a person's economic status from poor to middle class had no significant effect on voting behavior. However, based on region, in general, the middle class in rural areas and outside Java is more active than in urban areas or Java. In terms of political choice, there is a non-linear relationship (inverted U curve) between the proportion of the middle class and the choice of Islamic political parties. The larger the proportion of the middle class, the stronger the identity politics, but at a certain proportion (about 30%) this identity politics is getting weaker. Thus, there is still hope that the middle class in Indonesia can support the progress of the nation through its contribution to strengthening political and economic institutions if the election process takes place by statutory regulations, producing outcomes that are reflected in governance that performs well and is trusted."

"Geared towards policy makers, researchers, academics, and business and management professionals, The Gains and Pains of Financial Integration and Trade Liberalization helps readers develop new theories and models for analysing the future trends in finance and trade-related issues."

"Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Thailand, dan Vietnam adalah negara emerging economy di Asia Tenggara (ESEA) berdasarkan Emerging Market Index dan indeks IMF. Saat ini ESEA menghadapi tantangan untuk terus meningkatkan perekonomian, berstrategi dalam mitigasi dan adaptasi perubahan iklim, dan memenuhi komitmen global dalam mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Menggunakan analisis Sustainability Window, penelitian ini ingin mengkaji arah pembangunan di negara-negara tersebut apakah menuju ke arah berkelanjutan atau sebaliknya. Analisis Sustainability Window digunakan agar dapat mengakomodir berbagai ukuran indikator dalam satu kerangka analisis, dan untuk melihat bagaimana analisis tersebut dioperasionalkan untuk membandingkan keberlanjutan antar negara. Hasilnya, secara umum, pertumbuhan ekonomi di ESEA diikuti dengan peningkatan kesejahteraan sosial. Meskipun negara-negara ESEA masih perlu meningkatkan kinerja dimensi sosial untuk dapat mencapai target pembangunan berkelanjutan. Pertumbuhan ekonomi di ESEA juga diiringi dengan kerusakan lingkungan dalam kelipatan yang lebih besar, atau tidak berkelanjutan pada dimensi lingkungan. Hal tersebut menunjukkan rendahnya potensi ESEA untuk mencapai target pembangunan berkelanjutan terkait lingkungan, dan tingginya resiko dampak perubahan iklim yang harus dihadapi. Apabila tidak ada upaya yang cukup untuk menavigasikan pertumbuhan ekonomi ke arah yang lebih berkelanjutan lingkungan maka, dampak perubahan iklim akan dengan mudah menurunkan kesejahteraan sosial masyarakat ESEA dan menegasikan capaian pembangunan selama ini.

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Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam are emerging economy countries in Southeast Asia (ESEA) based on the Emerging Market Index and the IMF index. Currently, ESEA faces the challenge to continuously improving the economy, composing strategies for mitigating and adapting to climate change, and fulfilling global commitments in achieving sustainable development goals. Using the Sustainability Window analysis, this study wants to examine the trajectories of development in these countries, whether it is towards a sustainable direction or vice versa. Sustainability Window analysis is used to accommodate various indicator measures in one analytical framework, and to see how the analysis is operationalized to compare sustainability between countries. The findings reveal that in general, economic growth in ESEA is accompanied by an increase in social welfare. Although ESEA countries still need to improve the performance of the social dimension to be able to achieve sustainable development targets. Economic growth in ESEA is also accompanied by environmental damage in larger fold, which means it is not sustainable on the environmental dimension. This shows the low potential of ESEA to achieve sustainable development goals, and the high risk of climate change impacts that must be faced. If there are not enough efforts to navigate economic growth towards a more environmentally sustainable direction, the impact of climate change will easily reduce the social welfare of the ESEA community and negate the achievements of development so far."