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"Fokus penelitian ini pengambilan pilihan kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia untuk melakukan intervensi militer di Timor Portugis tanggal 7 Desember 1975. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untu k memahami fokus penelitian tersebut dengan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengambilan pilihan kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia untuk melakukan intervensi militer di Timor Portugis tanggal 7 Desember 1975. Identifikasi faktor-faktor tersebut kemudian menjadi dasar bagi pembangunan sebuah pemahaman konseptual terhadap kasus pengambilan pilihan kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia untuk melakukan intervensi militer di Timor Portugis tanggal 7 Desember 1975. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan data-data dikumpulkan sumber-sumber primer maupun sekunder, analisa data menggunakan metode deskriptif-analitis dan penarikan kesimpulan secara induktif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah bahwa pengambilan pilihan kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia untuk melakukan intervensi militer di Timor Portugis tanggal 7 Desember 1975 dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor kebijakan negara-negara yang berkepentingan di lingkungan internasional, interaksi politik antara aktor-aktor perumus kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia serta personalitas Presiden Suharto.

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The focus of this study is on Indonesian choice to do military intervention as its foreign policy in Timor Portugis on 7 December 1975. The purpose of this study is to understand the focus of the study by indentifying factors that affect Indonesian choice to do military intervention as its foreign policy in Timor Portugis on 7 December 1975. This factors identification is the basis for conceptual understanding on the case of Indonesian choice to do military intervention as its foreign policy in Timor Portugis on 7 December 1975.

This study uses qualitative approach with data gathered from primary as well as secondary sources, data analyzed by using desriptive-analytical method and conclusion reached inductively. This study concludes that the Indonesian choice to do military intervention as its foreign policy in Timor Portugis on 7 December 1975 is affected by policies of interested countries, political interaction between foreign policy-making actors in Indonesia as well as personality of President Suharto."

"This volume seeks to explain why democratization and military reforms stagnate in newly democratizing countries. The contributions blend historical, ideational, cultural and structural explanatory factors to analyze the trajectories of military reform in Indonesia and Nigeria, two major regional powers that share many structural commonalities. In the tradition of the literature on security sector reform (SSR), the book not only scrutinizes executive initiatives toward military reform, but also provides ample coverage of societal actors. Findings show that while military reform is stagnating in both countries, societal forces ought to be taken into account more as major driving forces in explaining military reform. Several chapters study how legislatures, non-governmental organizations and the civilian defence epistemic community contribute to the transformation of military institutions. The last part of the book tackles another aspect rarely studied in the literature on military reform, namely, the role of militias in military reform."