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"ABSTRAKMonetary policy is always a dynamic attribute on commodity prices in the economy. This article examines the empirical relationship between monetary policy and commodity price by employing a vector auto-regression (VAR) Model to show its response in the case of Pakistan. In this paper, the research philosophy is employed based on Positivism with Deductive approach to recognizing the response of monetary policy shocks on commodity price. Recently, low-interest rates and excessive liquidity play a dynamic role in affecting the prices of the commodities market. Furthermore, the impact of monetary policy rate show significant result and seems to be huge in the economy of Pakistan massively. Besides, there is a stable relationship between monetary policy instrument and commodity prices even though the current financial crisis."

"Two major types of ship cloths were once woven in South Sumatra. One, called tampan, is a relatively small rectangle or square as illus¬trated in plates 1 through 55. The other, termed palepai, is a long, narrow rectangle which may average three meters or more in length as in plates 56 through 80. Woven from cotton or cotton and silk, their intricate designs of ships, animals, trees, and people are created by colored supplementary weft threads whose rich reds, blues, or yellows p subtly contrast with the natural color of the foundation fibers. Metal¬lic strips and threads frequently lend glittering highlights or outline major shapes. Two lesser forms are the tampan madju (Chijs 1877, p. 20) and tatibin. The tampan madju, seen in plate 81, is painstakingly built up with strings of beads, and only three of these remarkable objects exist in collections today.l Almost as rare are the tatibin, cloths which resemble the long textiles in technique and design, but are small by comparison, averaging only 1 to 1.5 meters in length as in plate 82.2"

"Penelitian mengenai pengaruh berbagai konsentrasi ragi tempe terhadap kandungan inositol dan tanin biji lamtoro gung (Leucaena leucocephala) yang difermentasi telah dilakukan untuk menentukan konsentrasi ragi tempe yang terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancang acak lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dosis ragi tempe masing-masing 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, dan 15 %. Tiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Data dianalisis dengan analisis varians. Perbedaan nyata diuji dengan uji beda nyata terkecil. Kandungan tanin dianalisis dengan metoda Lowenthal-Procter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap parameter yang diukur. Kandungan inositol tertinggi dengan tanin terendah diperoleh pada perlakuan dengan menggunakan ragi tempe dengan dosis 15 % dan waktu fermentasi 96 jam yaitu sebesar 0,2631 %. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 236-42)

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The research was done to define the effect of tempe yeast concentration on inositol and tannin contents of fermented lamtoro gung seeds (Leucaena leucocephala). This is a research with completely randomized design using four doses of tempe yeast, i.e. 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. The resulted data were analyzed by analysis of variance and the significant differences were tested by least significantly difference test. Tannin was analyzed by Lowenthal-Procter method. The result of the research showed that the treatment had significant effects (P<0.05) on the parameter measured. The highest inositol with lowest tannin contents were found by using 15 % tempe yeast and duration of fermentation 96 hours, that is 0.2631 %. (Med J Indones 2003; 12: 236-42)"

"Negara-negara yang bergantung dengan komoditas atau negara dengan export komoditasnya lebih dari 60% total export, terdiri dari lebih dari setengah negara-negara di dunia (102 dari 189) dan dua per tiga negara-negara berkembang adalah negara yang bergnatung dengan komoditas. Fokus dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah adanya efek dari penurunan harga komoditas, terhadap stabilutas finansial untuk negaranegara bergantung terhadap komoditas dan negara-negara exportir komoditas. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua sampel dari negara berkembang exportir komoditas dan negaranegara bergantung terhadap komoditas dari periode 2010-2018. Menggunakan model fixed-effects, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan harga komoditas memiliki efek negatif terhadap indikator stabilitas finansial untuk kedua kategori negara. Penurunan harga komoditas memiliki efek negatif secara umum untuk neraca sistem finansial negara eksportir komoditas. Efek negatif ini menunjukkan seberapa besar kerentanan negara yang menjadi exportir komoditas dan yang bergantung terhadap komoditas terhadap penurunan harga komoditas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, bisa direkomendasikan untuk negara-negara fokus untuk menyangga kapital dan meningkatkan kualitas aset dari insititusi finansial karena kedua komponen tersebut dapat meredam efek kehilangan dari penurunan harga komoditas.

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Commodity dependent countries, defined as countries of which commodities account for more than 60% of their total merchandise exports, made up more than half of the countries in the world (102 of 189). And two-thirds of developing countries worldwide are also dependent on commodities. This study, therefore, aims to determine whether commodity price downswing (a negative price shock) has an impact on the financial stability of the countries. This research uses two samples of emerging and developing countries and commodity dependence countries for 2010-2018 and employed a fixed-effects model in assessing the impact. The findings of this study indicate that negative commodity price shock has a negative effect on the financial stability composite index indicator for both sets of countries. Negative price shock negatively affects the financial system' balance sheet for commodity-exporting countries in general and has a significant negative effect on the financial stability indicator index. This adverse effect shows the extent of vulnerability for commodity-dependent countries and commodity-exporting countries to a commodity price downturn Based on the results, it is recommended that countries should focus on capital buffer and asset quality of financial institutions since those two components dampen the effect of loss after a commodity price downturn."

"Emas dikatakan sebagai alat investasi yang cukup aman selama periode krisis. Tetapi bagaimanakah kondisi instrumen investasi lain seperti saham perusahaan yang masih terkait dengan emas pada periode tersebut juga. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk melihat pola pengaruh dari komoditas emas terhadap saham emiten yang terkait dengan pertambangan logam emas pada tingkat pengembalian (return). Kesimpulan yang dicapai pada penelitian ini, bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif dari pengembalian (return) komoditas emas terhadap pengembalian(return) saham emiten yang terkait dengan pertambangan logam emas.

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Gold is told as a safe investment instrument during the crisis period. But what about other investment instrument like the stock of gold related company during the same period. This research is trying to see the effect from the gold commodity and stock from emiten whose related to gold mining on return level. Conclusion is reached by this research, that there is positive effect from the gold return to return from issuers whose related to gold mining."