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"Abstract:"The CISG is the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods; a treaty ratified by about 70 countries that provides a uniform international sales law. The occasion of the CISG's 25th anniversary signals something extremely significant in the world of international commercial law: the true coming of age of the CISG, as evidenced by (and as a result of) several thousand available court and arbitration decisions world-wide applying the CISG. To celebrate this occasion, a conference was organized by the University of Pittsburgh's Center for International Legal Education and the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL). Drafting Contracts Under the CISG is a collaborative and important result of that conference. This publication brings together the intellectually sophisticated yet extremely practical and original contributions written by leading CISG scholars from around the globe and practitioners experienced in dealing with the CISG. Included are 140 sample clauses, a complete model sales agreement, and contextual analysis of contract drafting issues. The CISG is a new reality and is very relevant to US attorneys at the planning and negotiation stages of a sales transaction. It is increasingly the case that a lawyer in the US, or virtually anywhere else, cannot adequately serve a client's needs without knowledge of and skill in using the Convention to help, for example, prevent transactions from aborting over choice of law conflicts, and to offer alternatives that can resolve bargaining impasses. International commercial lawyers will find sample clauses dealing with major contract issues under the CISG, including: · opting into the CISG while providing an appropriate gap-filling source of law · passage of risk of loss · right to inspection of goods · force majeure · warranties and warranty disclaimers · limitations on remedies · choice of forum · pre-contractual relationships and prior communications · confidentiality of negotiations · retention of the power of revocation of an offer · strict time limits for acceptance of an offer · the "battle of the forms" · the law governing contract validity · parole evidence · party rights upon breach · notice requirements to preserve rights · notice of avoidance · entitlement to interest · specific performance versus damages · buyer's right to substitute goods."--Publisher's website."

"ABSTRAKPerdagangan internasional merupakan bidang yang sangat berkembang saat ini. Aturan-aturan yang menjadi acuan dalam transaksi dagang internasional tersebut beraneka ragam, di mana salah satu aturan tersebut adalah Incoterms. Incoterms digunakan sebagai panduan khusus yang dijadikan standarisasi persyaratan kontrak perdagangan secara umum yang dapat diterapkan dalam suatu transaksi perdagangan di pasar internasional. Incoterms terakhir kali direvisi tahun 2010 dalam rangka mengikuti perkembangan perdagangan internasional. Salah satu ketentuan yang sering digunakan di dalam transaksi perdagangan internasional dalam penggunaan Incoterms adalah ketentuan Free On Board (FOB), yang mempunyai pengertian bahwa penjual berkewajiban menyerahkan barang sebagai objek transaksi sampai di atas kapal yang ditunjuk oleh pembeli di pelabuhan pengiriman barang yang ditentukan. Resiko kehilangan atau kerusakan barang beralih dari penjual kepada pembeli pada saat barang sudah diserahkan di atas kapal dan sejak saat itu pembeli menanggung semua biaya yang timbul. Permasalahan yang dianalisis dalam skripsi ini adalah mengenai kewajiban-kewajiban penjual dan pembeli dalam ketentuan FOB menurut Incoterms 2000 dan Incoterms® 2010, implikasi yuridis ketentuan FOB menurut Incoterms 2000 dan Incoterms® 2010 terhadap pengalihan resiko, biaya dan kepemilikan barang, serta pandangan pengadilan terhadap ketentuan FOB tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode yuridis normatif, yaitu dengan cara menganalisa bahan atau sumber pustaka berupa norma hukum tertulis atau hukum positif yang berlaku, khususnya Incoterms 2000 dan Incoterms 2010. Hasil temuan dari penelitian terhadap permasalahan tersebut adalah penjual berkewajiban untuk menyerahkan barang dan menempatkan barang tersebut di atas kapal yang ditunjuk oleh pembeli yang berkewajiban menanggung segala resiko setelah barang tersebut diserahkan di atas kapal oleh penjual. Dengan demikian, pengalihan resiko terjadi pada saat barang telah diserahkan dan ditempatkan di atas kapal yang ditunjuk oleh pembeli. Pengadilan mempunyai pandangan yang sama terhadap ketentuan FOB yang diatur dalam Incoterms.

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ABSTRACTInternational trade is a field that is evolving today. The rules are a reference in international trade transactions are also varied, in which one of these rules is the Incoterms. Incoterms are used as a guide the standardization of specialized terms used in general trade contract that can be applied in a trade transaction in the international market. Incoterms last revised in 2010 following the development of international trade. One provision that is often used is the provision of Free On Board (FOB), which has the sense that the seller to deliver the goods on board which is appointed by the buyer at the named port of shipment or held the goods delivered. Risk of loss or damage to goods when the goods have been placed switch on the ship and since then the buyer bears all costs. Issues to be discussed is the obligation of the seller and buyer in terms FOB according to Incoterms ® 2010, the juridical implications of the provisions of Incoterms ® 2010 FOB according to the transfer of risk, cost and ownership of the goods, as well as the courts view of the provisions of FOB. The research method used in the answer to these problems is the method of juridical normative, that is by researching library materials or resources in the form of written legal norms or the applicable positive law. The findings of these problems is the seller shall be responsible since delivery of the goods from the seller to place goods on board are appointed by the buyer, as well as the buyer is obliged to be responsible for everything after the goods are delivered on board the ship by the seller. This indicates that the transfer of risk and property rights occurs when the goods have been placed on the ship designated by the purchaser to pay the cost of each. The court also has the same view with regard Incoterms ® 2010 in terms FOB. "