Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Limestone cave is an unique ecosystem with having characteristics on enclosed space, dark, stable temperature, moist, air sirculation and being inhabited by specific flora and fauna. A limestone cave ecosystem is fragile and unrenewable for the process of its formation needs millions of years (Bullock,1965:60; Whitten et al. 1996: 542). Petruk and Jatijajar limestone caves are located at the vicinity of South Gombong Crust ,Central Java. Being potential as tourist attractions, the two caves are made used by local government tourist agency of Kebumen Regency. To create a proper managament system which saveguard the ecological function of the cave as well as the related ecological process, studies on the biodiversity and ecology are needed. The objectives of this study are primarily to understand : (1). The level of abundance of bats (2). The different of the physical environment which influence the bats populations (3). The diversity of fauna (4). The preference roosting place the bats at Petruk and Jatijajar cave. This study is conducted at Petruk cave and Jatijajar cave which are located at Ayah subdistric , Kebumen regency , Central Java in July - September 1999. The estimation of bat populations is made by counting the total number of induvidual bats when they left the cave in the evening and roosting the roof of cave during the days. For physical environment studies of the cave, the temperature, humidity and the light intensity at every zone of the cave were measured. Avertebrata and water fauna diversity were calculated by square method (murray 1991: 48), and the vertebrate diversity by line transek method (Wardoyo: 1986:11). The habitat preference of bat's roosting was identified using several criteria including the distance of the roosting place from the cave enterance, temperature, humidity and light intensity of the roosting place of each bats colony. To compare the physical data of the similar zone the ANOVA test was used at the level of 95 % signiticant (Walpole 1987: 383).The fauna diversity index was calculated by the Shanon - Whiner index (Cox, 1997:195). The similarity of those population were measured by Sorensen formula (Cox, 1997:197 ).The map for roosting habitat preference is made based on available map has been provided by Finspac' (1997), while for Jatijajar cave has been prepared by tourism agency of the Kebumen local goverment 1997. Conclusions drawn from this study were : 1) The bat population of Petruk cave during the research was approximately 144.00 at 661,34 and of Jatijajar cave around 2.874 + 179,2. 2) The physical environment of Petruk cave was warmer, with a high humidity level , and darker than the Jatijajar cave. 3) The land fauna diversity of Petruk cave was higher than that of Jatijajar cave. However those caves have similarities concerning the water fauna diversity. 4) At petruk cave 8 roosting places in habited by 6 species of bat' s namely : Rousettus amplexicaudatus, Hipposideros bicolor,Hipposideros diadema, Myotis horsfieldii, Tadarida plicata and Rhinolopus luctus. At Jatijajar cave there are 6 roosting places inhabited by 3 species of bat , namely: Rousettus amplexicaudatus, Hipposideros bicolor and Rhinoilopus luctus. At both of cave the R. amplexicaudatus prefer red to have a roosting place somewhere around the entrance due to sufficient light. However R. luctus preferred to have a roosting place at the far end of the cave where the level of humidity is high and there is no light at all. The other species : H. bicofon H. diadema ,M, horsfieldii, and T. plicata preferred to have a roosting place at the medle of the cave which little light is available and the temperature and humidity are fluctuative."

"Pajak pengambilan dan pengolahan bahan galian golongan C merupakan salah satu jenis pajak daerah yang dikenakan di wilayah Kabupaten/Kota. Di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat pajak pengambilan dau pengolahan bahan galian golongan C memberikan kontribusi yang paling tinggi terhadap pendapatan pajak daerah dibandingkan pajak daerah lainnya. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, potensi penerimaan pajak pengambilan dan pengolahan bahan galian golongan C di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat pada tahun 2008 tercatat menurun dibandingkan tahun 2007, namun pada tahun 2009 mengalami peningkatan yang cukup signifikan. Perbandingan antara target pajak pengambilan dan pengolahan bahan galian golongan C dengan potensi riilnya diperoleh basil bahwa target pajak pengambilan dan pengolahan bahan galian golongan C yang ditetapkan di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat pada tahun 2007 dan 2009 Iebih rendah dari potensi yang dimiliki oleh daerah, sedangkan pada tahun 2008 target pajak pengambilan dan pengolahan bahan galian golongan C Iebih tinggi dari potensi riil yang dimiliki oleh daerah.Secara rata-rata efektifitas pemungutan pajak pengambilan dan pengolahan bahan galian golongan C di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat pada tahun 2007-2009 menunjukkan hasil yang efektif dengan tingkat efektifitas sebesar 96,61%, Sedangkan secara rata-rata efisiensi pemungutan pajak pengambilan dan pengolahan bahan galian golongan C di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat pada tahun 2007-2009 dengan menggunakan pendekatan pertama menunjukkan hasil yang sangat efisien dengan tingkat efisiensi sebesar 6,5s%. Hasil yang sama diperoleh dengan menggunakan pendekatan kedua, namun tingkat efisiensi yang diperoleh sebesar 5,68%.

---

Type C mining Exploration Tax is one type of local taxes imposed in the district/city. In West Sumbawa Regency, Type C mining Exploration Tax gave the highest contribution to the local tax revenue than any other local taxes. Based on the analysis undertaken, the potential of Type C mining Exploration Tax in the West Sumbawa regency in the year 2008 recorded decreases compared to the year 2007, but in the year 2009 experienced a significant increase. Comparison between the target of Type C mining exploration Tax with its real potential obtained results that targets of Type C mining Exploration Tax in West Sumbawa regency in the year 2007 and 2009 is lower than the real potential whichis owned by the regions, while in 2008 tax target of Type C mining Exploration tax is higher than the real potential which is owned by the real potential of the region.On the average, level of effectiveness of Type C mining Exploration Tax in the West Sumbawa regeney in the year 2007-2009 showed an effective result with the level of effectiveness of 96.61 %, while on the average, level of efficiency of Type C mining Exploration Tax in the West Sumbawa in the year 2007-2009 by using the first approach shows very efficient results with levels of efficiency equal to 6.55%. Similar results were obtained using both approaches, but the level of efficiency obtained is 4.42%."

"Ketuk Cave complex as apart of Pawon karstic area. It located at the eastern side of Pawon Cave. The collecting data from Ketuk Cave complex had been down by survey and excavation. The conclusion based on the research is some of cave on Ketuk Cave complex had some indication about human activity in the pastonit location. The artifactual remains had found such as in Ketuk Cave 3,4, and Ketuk Cave above. The carbon dating analysis from the samples and stalactite had been shown about it chronology, 1560 ± 140 BP(sand) and 3260 ± 120 BP(stalactite). That mean a while, the human activity there is not in the same era with in Pawon Cave. Pawon Cave had the carbon dating chronology during 5660± 180 BP until 9525 ± 200 BP."