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"For long-span bridges, wind action is a dominant factor in their safety and serviceability. A large number of long-span bridges have been built in Japan over the past 30 years, and tremendous amounts of research and technical development have been accomplished in wind-resistant design. This book is a compilation of the results of active research and development. Wind-resistant design standards generated in Japan are described in the first few chapters. Then comes information such as design wind speed, structural damping, wind tunnel tests, and analyses, which provide the basis of the design standards. Wind-induced vibrations and their control of girders, towers, cables, and other features are explained with examples of field measurements. Comprehensive listings of Japanese experience in vibration control are also presented. "

"ABSTRAKTorsi cogging adalah torsi yang ada pada setiap generator magnet permanen, muncul karena adanya interaksi antara slot pada stator dengan medan elektromagnetik yang dihasilkan oleh magnet permanen pada rotor. Torsi ini menghambat kerja generator untuk menghasilkan daya listrik Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada reduksi torsi cogging pada generator magnet permanen dengan metode anti notch. Akibat adanya anti notch, maka dilakukan penurunan model matematik dari kerapatan fluks magnetik normal Bn = Bar dan kerapatan fluks magnetik tangensial Bt = Ba? . Persamaan torsi cogging yang baru berdasarkan perbedaan radius tepi dalam stator pada posisi-posisi tertentu. Validasi persamaan matematik melalui perhitungan dengan MATLAB dan FEMM. Metode anti notch efektif untuk menurunkan torsi cogging namun perubahan energi yang berhubungan dengan efisiensi tidak banyak berubah. Dengan penambahan anti notch maka nilai Bt turun sehingga torsi cogging minimal. Hasil torsi cogging yang didapatkan antara keduanya tidak persis sama nilainya, namun pola dan kecenderungannya sama, yaitu cenderung mendekati nol dan lebih stabil dibandingkan dengan model referensi. Persentase reduksi torsi cogging untuk model sederhana anti notch adalah 92,9 dan 97,03 . Eksentrisitas rotor yang diijinkan antara 0,5 sampai 1 derajat. Torsi cogging minimal akan memperhalus jalannya rotor, sehingga pada kecepatan angin rendah, rotor akan berputar untuk menghasilkan daya listrik

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ABSTRACTCogging torque is the remaining torque of any permanent magnet generator, arising from the interaction between the stator slot and the electromagnetic field brought about by the permanent magnet on the rotor. This torque discourages the performance of the generator to generate electrical power. This research concentrates on reducing cogging torque on the permanent magnet generator by anti notch method. As a following of the anti notch, the mathematical model is derived from normal magnetic flux density Bn Bar and tangential magnetic flux density Bt Ba . The new cogging torque equation is based on the diversity in the edge radius in the stator at particular positions. Validate mathematical equations through computations with MATLAB and FEMM. An adequate anti notch method for reducing cogging torque but energy related changes in efficiency has not varied considerably. With the extension of anti notch thus the value of Bt down so that the minimum cogging torque. The result of the cogging torque achieved between the two is not precisely the same value, but the pattern and trend are the same, which tends to be near zero and further steady than the reference model. The percentage of cogging torque reduction for simple anti notch models is 92.9 and 97.03 . The permissible rotor permeability is between 0.5 to 1 degree. Minimum cogging torque will lighten the rotor course, so at moderate wind speeds, the rotor will rotate to generate electrical power."

"Semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan akan pasokan listrik serta semakin terbatasnya minyak bumi sebagai bahan baku pembangkit listrik menjadi salah satu alasan mengapa Sumber Daya Energi terbarukan (Renewable Energy) perlu dimanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin. Salah satu Sumber Daya Energi Terbarukan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai Pembangkit Listrik adalah Angin. Studi dan Analisis potensi Angin diawali dengan pengumpulan dan pengolahan data kecepatan angin yang berasal dari Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) sehingga didapatkan Nilai Statistik Potensi Angin. Analisis lebih lanjut dilakukan untuk menentukan Turbin Angin yang digunakan berdasarkan nilai Capacity Factor (CF). Parameter yang mempengaruhi nilai Capacity Factor antara lain power yang dihasilkan turbin sesuai spesifikasi turbin selama satu tahun serta power yang dihasilkan oleh kecepatan angin pada ketinggian turbin tertentu. Dari Analisis yang dilakukan pada Bandara Depati Amir, Pangkal Pinang dengan kecepatan angin rata-rata tahun 2011 sebesar 3.3 m/s pada ketinggian 33 meter maka Turbin yang tepat untuk digunakan di lokasi tersebut adalah turbin 2g dan 3f dengan kapasitas masing-masing 600kW dan 750 kW.

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Increasing demand for electricity and limited supply of petroleum as a raw material power are some reasons why the renewable energy resources is very advantageous. One of which can be used as power plant is wind (power). The study and analysis of wind potential begins with collection and processing of wind speed data derived from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agencies (BMKG), thus obtained wind potential statistic value. Further analysis was done to determine the wind turbines used on capacity factor (CF) value basis. Parameters that affect the capacity factor value are the energy resulted by turbines suitable to its specification within a year and produced by the wind speed at certain height of turbine. The analysis has been carried out at Depati Amir Airport, Pinang Kuala, in 2011. With an average wind speed by 3.3 m/s at a height of 33 meters, the appropriate turbines to be used in the location are 2g and 3f turbines, each with a capacity of 600 kW and 750 kW."

"This book provides an essential overview of wind science and engineering, taking readers on a journey through the origins, developments, fundamentals, recent advancements and latest trends in this broad field. Along the way, it addresses a diverse range of topics, including: atmospheric physics; meteorology; micrometeorology; climatology; the aerodynamics of buildings, aircraft, sailing boats, road vehicles and trains; wind energy; atmospheric pollution; soil erosion; snow drift, windbreaks and crops; bioclimatic city-planning and architecture; wind actions and effects on structures; and wind hazards, vulnerability and risk. In order to provide a comprehensive overview of wind and its manifold effects, the book combines scientific, descriptive and narrative chapters.The book is chiefly intended for students and lecturers, for those who want to learn about the genesis and evolution of this topic, and for the multitude of scholars whose work involves the wind."