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"This book describes a new way to design and utilize Instrumentation Amplifiers (IAs) by taking advantages of the current-mode (CM) approach. For the first time, all different topologies of CMIAs are discussed and compared, providing a single-source reference for instrumentation and measurement experts who want to choose a topology for a specific application. The authors also explain major challenges in designing CMIAs, so the book can be useful for anyone studying instrumentation amplifiers, and even other analog circuits. Coverage also includes various CM signal processing techniques employed in CMIAs, and applications of the CMIAs in biomedical and data acquisition are demonstrated. "

"Pengembangan KWH-Meter Digital telah banyak dilakukan, dengan berbagai macam metode diantaranya elektromekanik dan termokonverter. Kelompok peneliti ISIS telah mengembangkan KWH-Meter Digital ISIS Versi 1 dengan metode full sampling. Dengan metode full-sampling diharapkan pengukuran energi listrik dapat meminimalisir gangguan dari luar diantaranya gelombang elektromagnetik dan temperatur. Dalam paper ini menjelaskan tentang uji kemampuan yang telah dilakukan pada sistem KWH-Meter Digital ISIS Versi 1 dan pengkarakterisasian dari sistem. Hasil yang didapat pada pengujian sistem versi pertama bahwa sensor yang digunakan mampu mengkonversikan nilai arus yang mengalir ke bentuk tegangan dengan orde berkisar mV secara linear. Pada pengkondisi sinyal arus dan tegangan dari hasil uji mampu memberikan tegangan untuk diproses oleh ADC ATmega32. Namun pada sistem versi 1 pengkondisi sinyal berupa differential amplifier ini memiliki keterbatasan pengukuran yang dilakukan pada arus 8 ampere atau sebanding dengan 1720 watt, dan lemahnya penyimpanan data dalam hal antisipasi gangguan listrik power supply. Pengembangan yang dilakukan seperti penambahan PGA pada pengkondisi sinyal arus, penggunaan ADC 12 bit, pemanfaatan EEPROM internal mikrokontroler AVR Atmega32 mampu mengatasi kelemahan tersebut. Dengan memanfaatkan paper ini diharapkan mampu membuat sistem KWH-Meter digital yang mampu mengukur untuk daya yang besar dan listrik 3 fase dengan metode full sampling.

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Digital KWH-Meter mostly has been developed with various methods, such as electro-mechanic and thermo-converter. The ISIS study group has been developing KWH-Meter ISIS version 1 with full-sampling method. Full-sampling method should be minimizing noises, i.e. electromagnetic field and temperature. This paper try to explain about capability test which have been being done to Digital KWH-Meter ISIS version 1 and characterizing from its system. Result shows that using the sensor will convert current value to voltage value in mV as linearly. Conditioning gain amplifier and attenuation amplifier from result of test will drive voltage and will be input to ADC ATMEGA 32, but on system version 1 conditioning signal differential amplifier has limitation measuring on current of 8 ampere or linear with 1720 watt, and poor data storage in case of anticipation light failure from power supply. Developing the system use parallel communication and ADC 12 Bit who's higher resolution than ADC ATMEGA 32 internal, add programmable Gain amplifier on current transducer, and utilization EEPROM internal microcontroller AVR ATmega32 overcome that weakness. In the future will developed system Digital KWH-METER capable to measure for big energy and electrics 3 phase with method of full sampling."