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"Laporan ini disusun untuk mengevaluasi kegiatan magang dalam siklus pendapatan PT AO terkait aktivitas penagihan. Laporan magang ini membahas siklus pendapatan PT AO pada proses penagihan serta menganalisis kelemahannya yang mengakibatkan proses penagihan menjadi lambat, rekomendasi atas kelemahan tersebut, serta evaluasi atas rekomendasi yang diberikan. Dari hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan, masih terdapat kegiatan yang belum dilakukan secara ideal (sesuai teori) yang mungkin berdampak pada belum optimalnya solusi yang penulis berikan. Ketidaksesuaian tersebut muncul karena keterbatasan waktu dan pengetahuan yang belum memadai.

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This report is prepared to evaluate internships in the PT AO revenue cycle related to collection activities. This report discusses PT AO's income cycle in the billing process and analyzes its weaknesses which have resulted in the billing process being slow, recommendations for these weaknesses, and an evaluation of the recommendations given. From the results of the evaluation carried out, there are still activities that have not been carried out ideally (according to theory) which may have an impact on the not optimal solution that the authors provide. The discrepancy arises because of limited time and insufficient knowledge."

"Perubahan sifat propelan padat komposit selama penyimpanan mempengaruhi kinerja roket secara keseluruhan. Penambahan zat antioksidan berupa senyawa fenol tipe AO 2246 dipilih untuk memperkecil perubahan sifat propelan karena aging. Empat komposisi propelan dengan variasi jumlah AO 2246 sebesar 0 ndash; 1 berat binder dibuat dan disimpan selama 260 hari pada suhu 27°C dan 60°C. Karakterisasi propelan meliputi kekerasan, densitas, kuat tarik, sifat termal, dan kecepatan bakar dilakukan sebelum dan setelah aging.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin besar jumlah antioksidan, semakin kecil perubahan sifat propelan selama aging dan semakin lama umur pakai propelan. Penambahan AO 2246 sebanyak 1 terhadap berat binder memberikan hasil optimal dalam memperkecil perubahan sifat propelan yaitu penurunan elongasi sebesar 33,95 ; kenaikan kuat tarik 35,08 ; dan penurunan nilai energi aktivasi 8,34 selama penyimpanan 60 hari pada suhu 60°C. Sedangkan perubahan kekerasan, densitas, dan kecepatan bakar propelan pada tekanan 6 MPa masing-masing sebesar 8,94 ; 0,64 ; dan 5,81 untuk penyimpanan suhu 60°C selama 260 hari.

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The property changing of composite solid propellants during their storage affect the rocket performance as a whole. The addition of phenol compound phenol, type of AO 2246 as an antioxidant was selected to minimize the property changing of the propellants due to aging process. Four variations of AO 2246 i.e 0 ndash 1 wt to binder were added to the propellants and these four propellants were stored for 260 days at a temperatures of 27°C and 60°C. Propellant characterization included hardness, density, thermal properties, tensile strength, and burning rate was conducted before and after aging.The results showed that the greater amount of the antioxidants, the smaller the property changing and the longer the service life of propellants. The addition of 1 wt to binder of AO 2246 provided optimal results. The elongation decreased of 33.95 increased in tensile strength 35,08 , and decreased in 8,34 for 60 days storage at the temperature of 60°C. While the change in density, hardness, and burning rate of propellant at a pressure of 6 MPa were 8.94 0.64 and 5.81 respectively at storage temperature of 60°C for 260 days."

"[ABSTRAKPada fraktur pelvis tidak stabil yang disertai dengan fraktur vertikal sakrum (AO Tipe C1.3) terdapat instabilitas terhadap gaya shearing aksial yang besar. Fiksasi pada fraktur tersebut harus memberikan kekuatan biomekanik yang baik dan minimal invasif. Penempatan sekrup iliosakral (SIS) di S1-S3 secara divergen dapat meningkatkan kekuatan biomekanik terutama kekakuan translasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kekuatan biomekanik SIS S1-S3 dan sekrup pubis (PS) dibandingkan konfigurasi fiksasi lain untuk memberikan solusi konfigurasi fiksasi baru pada fraktur pelvis AO Tipe C1.3.Simulasi fraktur pelvis dibuat dengan fraktur ramus pubis superior, inferior, dan fraktur vertikal sakrum ipsilateral (AO tipe C1.3) pada tulang sintetik Synbone®. Enam kombinasi fikasi yaitu Tension Band Plate (TBP)+PS, TBP+plat symphysis (SP), SIS S1-S2+PS, SIS S1-S2+SP, SIS S1-S3+PS, SIS S1-S3+SP diuji dengan diberikan beban aksial menggunakan mesin kompresi Tensilon® sampai titik kegagalan fiksasi sebesar ≥2 mm atau ≥20, kemudian dievaluasi kekakuan translasi, kekakuan rotasi, dan titik kegagalan fiksasi. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji post-hoc BonferroniDari hasil uji biomekanik didapatkan kelompok fiksasi SIS S1-S3+PS memiliki kekakuan translasi, kekakuan rotasi, dan titik kegagalan fiksasi tertinggi (830,36 N/mm, 599,68 N/°, dan 1522,20 N) terhadap beban aksial.Fiksasi SIS di S1-S3 dan sekrup pubis merupakan fiksasi terbaik untuk fraktur pelvis tidak stabil dengan fraktur vertikal sakrum karena mempunyai properti biomekanik yang baik dan secara klinis fiksasi ini memberikan keuntungan prosedur yang minimal invasif dan pasien dapat mobilisasi segera sehingga mengurangi komplikasi postoperatif.

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ABSTRACTIn unstable pelvic fracture with vertical sacral fracture (AO Type C1.3), there are tremendous instability towards axial shearing load. Ideally, the fixation should provide good biomechanical properties and minimal invasive. Divergent Iliosacral screw (ISS) placement on S1-S3 could enhance biomechanical strength. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of ISS S1-S3 and pubic screw (PS) compared to other configuration to provide solution for new configuration of fixation in AO Type C1.3 pelvic fracture.A simulation of pelvic fracture was created on superior and inferior pubic rami, and ipsilateral vertical sacral fracture (AO Type C1.3) on a synthetic bone (Synbone®). Six fixation combination including tension band plate (TBP)+PS, TBP+symphyseal plate (SP), ISS S1-S2+PS, ISS S1-S2+SP, ISS S1-S3+PS, ISS S1-S3+SP were tested using compression machine Tensilon® until failure point defined by ≥2 mm or ≥20 displacement was met. Translational stiffness, rotational stiffness and load to failure were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni post hoc-test.From biomechanical test, fixation using ISS S1-S3+PS had the highest translational stiffness, rotational stiffness, and load to failure (830,36 N/mm, 599,68 N/°, and 1522,20 N respectively) toward axial load.Fixation by ISS S1-S3+PS was the best configuration in unstable pelvic fracture with vertical sacral fracture due to its good biomechanical strength, minimal invasiveness which renders early immobilization for patients hence decreasing postoperative complications., In unstable pelvic fracture with vertical sacral fracture (AO Type C1.3), there are tremendous instability towards axial shearing load. Ideally, the fixation should provide good biomechanical properties and minimal invasive. Divergent Iliosacral screw (ISS) placement on S1-S3 could enhance biomechanical strength. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the biomechanical properties of ISS S1-S3 and pubic screw (PS) compared to other configuration to provide solution for new configuration of fixation in AO Type C1.3 pelvic fracture.A simulation of pelvic fracture was created on superior and inferior pubic rami, and ipsilateral vertical sacral fracture (AO Type C1.3) on a synthetic bone (Synbone®). Six fixation combination including tension band plate (TBP)+PS, TBP+symphyseal plate (SP), ISS S1-S2+PS, ISS S1-S2+SP, ISS S1-S3+PS, ISS S1-S3+SP were tested using compression machine Tensilon® until failure point defined by ≥2 mm or ≥20 displacement was met. Translational stiffness, rotational stiffness and load to failure were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA test followed by Bonferroni post hoc-test.From biomechanical test, fixation using ISS S1-S3+PS had the highest translational stiffness, rotational stiffness, and load to failure (830,36 N/mm, 599,68 N/°, and 1522,20 N respectively) toward axial load.Fixation by ISS S1-S3+PS was the best configuration in unstable pelvic fracture with vertical sacral fracture due to its good biomechanical strength, minimal invasiveness which renders early immobilization for patients hence decreasing postoperative complications.]"