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"Pembaharuan yang dilakukan oleh negara Turki berkaitan dengan sejarah peradaban Islam, peradaban Barat, serta sekularisasi yang mempengaruhinya. Kegemilangan serta kemunduran Khilafah Usmani sendiri disebabkan oleh perkembangan peradaban dan paham yang semakin modern, sehingga menghasilkan sebuah pembaharuan negara Turki ke dalam peradaban yang lebih modern. Penelitian pustaka ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan merujuk pada buku kesejarahan dan peradaban. Hasil penelitian ini untuk memberikan pencerdasan kepada para cendekiawan muslim, orang-orang Islam dan para intelektual pada umumnya bahwa keruntuhan Khilfah Turki Utsmani bukan hanya karena kekalahannya dalam perang Dunia I akan tetapi juga karena Peradaban barat yang berpengaruh besar pada peradaban Islam di dalam Kekhalifahan Turki Usmani.

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The renewal carried out by Turkey relating to the country of Islamic civilization, history of Western civilization, secularization that affected it. Now, as well as the decline of Ottoman Caliphate itself was caused by the development of civilization and understand an increasingly modern, resulting in a renewal of the State of Turkey into a more modern civilizations. This library is a research of qualitative research by referring to historical books and civilization. The results of this research to give more information to muslim scholars, Islamic people and intellectuals in General that the collapse of Ottoman Turkey Khilfah not only because of its defeat in World War I but also because of the influence of Western civilization on Islamic civilization in Turkey Ottoman Caliphate."

"ABSTRACTSkripsi ini membahas tentang kebijakan-kebijakan luar negeri kesultanan Ottoman pada masa pemerintahan Sultan Suleyman I (1520-1566) dan apa yang menjadi justifikasi Suleyman atas kebijakan-kebijkan tersebut. Penelitian ini terbatas pada kebijakan-kebijakan yang juga melibatkan negara-negara besar lain abad pertengahan sehingga memiliki signifikansi atas situasi politik dan militer dunia pada saat itu. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sejarah yang merekonstruksi kejadian masa lalu lewat studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, yaitu mendeskripsikan gejala, peristiwa, dan kejadian pada waktu tertentu. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberi gambaran mengenai apa ideologi dan legitimasi Suleyman I sebagai penguasa universal yang kemudian dia proyeksikan dalam kebijakan-kebijakan luar negeri yang diambilnya. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kebijakan-kebijakan itu sendiri.

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ABSTRACTThe focus of this research are Foreign Policies of Ottoman Empire in the reign of Sultan Suleyman I (1520-1566) and Suleymans justifications for these policies. This research is limited to Foreign Policies that are involved with other major medieval countries so that they had significance to the worlds political and military situation at that time. The method used in this research is historical method that reconstructs past events through library studies. This is a descriptive research which describe phenomenon and events at a certain time. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of the ideology and legitimacy of Suleyman I as a universal ruler which then he projected in his Foreign Policies. Other purpose of this research is to review Suleymans Foreign Policies themselves."

"Historians of the Middle East in the long nineteenth century have often considered empire-building the preserve of European powers. This book revises this picture by exploring how the Ottomans re-conquered and ruled large parts of present-day Yemen between 1849 and the end of World War I, after more than two centuries of independence under local dynasties. Drawing on a wide range of sources and on recent scholarship on empire and colonialism Empire, Islam, and Politics of Difference shows how the concepts and practices of Ottoman imperial rule were shaped through the encounters between Ottoman officials, their European rivals, and local communities. The result is a fresh look at the nature of governance in the late Ottoman Empire more generally."

"Affect, Emotion and Subjectivity in Early Modern Muslim Empires presents new approaches to Ottoman Safavid and Mughal art and culture. Taking artistic agency as a starting point, the authors consider the rise in status of architects, the self-fashioning of artists, the development of public spaces, as well as new literary genres that focus on the individual subject and his or her place in the world. They consider the issue of affect as performative and responsive to certain emotions and actions, thus allowing insights into the motivations behind the making and, in some cases, the destruction of works of art. The interconnected histories of Iran,Turkey and India thus highlight the urban and intellectual changes that defined the early modern period. "