Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

""International courts and judicial bodies play a formative role in the development of international humanitarian law. Judges, Law and War examines how judicial bodies have influenced the substantive rules and principles of the law of armed conflict, and studies the creation, application and enforcement of this corpus of laws. Specifically, it considers how international courts have authoritatively addressed the meaning and scope of particular rules, the application of humanitarian law treaties and the customary status of specific norms. Key concepts include armed conflicts and protected persons, guiding principles, fundamental guarantees, means and methods of warfare, enforcement and war crimes. Consideration is also given to the contemporary place of judicial bodies in the international law-making process, the challenges presented by judicial creativity and the role of customary international law in the development of humanitarian law"--"

"Skripsi ini menganalisa konflik antara hukum internasional dengan hukum internal dengan Konvensi Wina 1969. Isu yang diteliti dalam Skripsi ini adalah konflik yang dibahas dalam Kasus ECJ C-344/04 antara Konvensi Montreal 1999 dengan Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004 mengenai tanggung jawab pengangkut dalam hal keterlambatan angkutan udara. Pasal 27 Konvensi Wina 1969 diaplikasikan dalam hal ini karena Pasal ini mengatur mengenai konflik antara hukum internasional dengan hukum internal. Regulation (EC), mempertimbangkan karakteristik-karakteristiknya dan apabila dilihat dengan kacamata Global Governance, lebih cocok disamakan dengan hukum internal dibandingkan dengan hukum internasional. Konvensi Montreal 1999 telah menyatakan secara eksplisit bahwa dasar hukum untuk gugatan ganti kerugian atas keterlambatan angkutan udara adalah bersifat eksklusif, yang berarti dasar hukum untuk gugatan ganti kerugian hanya boleh berdasarkan Konvensi ini saja dan bukan instrumen hukum lain. Eksklusifitas inilah yang dilanggar oleh EU dengan membuat Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004. Kedua instrumen hukum ini mengatur hal yang sama yaitu tanggung jawab pengangkut dalam hal keterlambatan angkutan udara. Dengan demikian, ada konflik antara Konvensi Montreal 1999 dengan Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004.

---

This research analyzes conflict between international law and internal law using 1969 Vienna Convention. The issue highlighted in this research is the conflict between 1999 Montreal Convention and Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004 regarding air carrier`s liability in case of delay as decided by the ECJ in the Case C-344/04. Article 27 of 1969 Vienna Convention is applied since this Article regulates the conflict between international law and internal law. Regulation (EC), considering its characteristics and when it is viewed using Global Governance approach, is more appropriately determined as internal law rather than international law. 1999 Montreal Convention has explicitly stated that basis of claims for any damages arising out of delay is exclusive, meaning that this Convention is the only basis of claims for any damages arising out of delay and not any other legal instrument. This exclusivity has been breached by EU by making Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004. Both of these legal instruments are relating to the same matter, which is air carrier`s liability in case of delay. Therefore, there is a conflict between 1999 Montreal Convention and Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004."

"These are norms generally characterized by a certain concept from the perspective of victims, as well as by the enumeration of a list of rights to which they are entitle to, rights upon which the international statute of victims is built. In reverse, these catalogues of rights are the states? obligations. Most of these rights are already existent in the international law of human rights. Consequently, they are not new but consolidated rights. Others are strictly linked to victims, concerning the following categories, victims of crime, victims of abuse of power, victims of gross violations of international human rights law, victims of serious violations of international humanitarian law, victims of enforced disappearance, victims of violations of international criminal law and victims of terrorism."

"Pertolongan pertama adalah tindakan medis dasar yang tidak dapat dihindari oleh SDM Potensi BASARNAS ketika Operasi SAR dilakukan. Walaupun dikategorikan sebagai tindakan medis dasar, pertolongan pertama dapat menentukan hidup korban yang ditolong karena pertolongan pertama dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mencegah korban mendapatkan cedera yang lebih parah atau bahkan meninggal. Namun hingga saat ini, belum ada aturan yang mengatur secara khusus mengatur mengenai tanggung jawab hukum atas tindakan medis dasar yang dilakukan SDM Potensi saat Operasi SAR. Penelitian ini akan mencoba menjawab tiga permasalahan, yaitu bagaimana pengaturan partisipasi relawan  saat bencana di Indonesia, bagaimana wewenang SDM Potensi atas tindakan medis yang dilakukan saat bencana, dan juga bagaimana pertanggungjawaban hukum atas tindakan medis yang dilakukan SDM Potensi kepada korban bencana. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan cara mengumpulkan data melalui studi pustaka serta wawancara dengan narasumber terkait dan hasilnya dipaparkan secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa SDM Potensi tetap dapat dimintai pertanggungjawaban secara pidana maupun perdata apabila dalam upaya memberikan perawatan kepada korban bencana dilakukan tidak sesuai dengan kompetensi yang dimiliki, Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) pertolongan pertama, dan juga aturan yang berlaku.

---

First aid is a basic medical action that can’t be avoided by The Human Resource Potential (HR Potential) of BASARNAS during SAR Operation. Even though it is only categorized as a basic medical act, first aid can determine victims’ life because first aid is done to prevent them from getting more severe injuries or experiencing death. Despite there is no a specific regulation about basic medical action conducted by HR Potential of BASARNAS during SAR operations. This legal research focuses on answering three problems.  First, how  the legal rules in Indonesia regarding volunteer participation during disasters. Second, how is the authority of HR Potential for medical actions committed during the disaster. And last, how a HR Potential’s legal responsibilities in conducting medical actions against disaster victims. This research is performed using normative juridical method, the data are collected from library studies and interviews involving related respondents. The results will be presented descriptively. Based on these researches, it can be concluded that HR Potential of BASARNAS can still be held liable for criminal and civil liability if they give medical treatment to the disaster victims are not following with the competence owned, standard operational procedures (SOP), and rules."