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"ABSTRAKStatus Badan Hukum Publik menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 14 Tahun 2008 tentang Keterbukaan Informasi Publik (UU KIP) mempunyai kewajiban untuk membuka informasi publik, baik atas dasar pengumuman maupun permintaan. Badan Pelaksana Kegiatan Usaha Hulu Minyak dan Gas (BP Migas) ingin melepaskan diri dari kewajiban memberikan informasi yang diminta oleh Yayasan Pusat Pengembangan Informasi Publik (YP2IP) sebagai Badan Hukum Non-publik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa pemerintah perlu membuat peraturan secara khusus untuk memberi batasan yang rinci mengenai definisi Badan Hukum Publik, kemudian juga dibuat sebuah pedoman bagi yayasan, khususnya yayasan yang bergerak di bidang Pengembangan Informasi Publik.

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ABSTRACTPublic Corporate as stated in Law Number 14, 2008 about Public Information Transparancy, has the obligation to disclose any public information in either way, by announcement or by demand. Oil and Gas Upstream Business Executive Unit (BP Migas) disclaims that they are not a Public Corporate, therefore they do not have obligation to disclose their information, as demanded by Public Information Development Center Foundation(YP2IP). This research is qualitative descriptive interpretive. The data were collected by juridical normative approach and a case study. The researcher suggests that government should make a specific regulation that explains more specific about Public Corporate, and to make a guidelines about foundation, particularly about foundation of a Public Information Development"

"Now in its sixth edition, The Canadian Regime continues to provide the most accessible introduction to the institutions, processes, and principles of the Canadian political system. The book's focus on the inner logic of parliamentary government explains the rationale for Canada's relatively complex political system, which the authors encourage readers to think of as an organic entity, where change in one area inevitably ripples through the rest of the system."--"The new edition includes the results of Canada's 2015 federal election and looks ahead to consider changes resulting from the Liberal victory. It has been thoroughly updated and revised and introduces several new topics, such as the impact of the previous Conservative government on the conventions and practices of parliamentary government and the important influence of social media on politics. Two new co-authors, Gerald Baier and Thomas M.J. Bateman, join Patrick Malcolmson and Richard Myers to bring new expertise in the areas of federalism, judicial politics, Charter jurisprudence, political parties, and the ongoing health care debate."--"

"ABSTRACTTulisan ini membahas tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemerintah Kanada dalam membuat kebijakan luar negeri Arktik Kanada ? ? yang juga dikenal dengan sebutan ? ?Strategi Utara ? ? ? pada tahun 2009-2010. Melihat dari sumber-sumber domestik dari pembentukan kebijakan luar negeri, akan dianalisis bagaimana kebijakan yang dihasilkan dan apa yang kemudian menjadi perhatian dan tujuan utama pemerintah Kanada dalam membuat kebijakan Arktik nya. Ancaman terhadap kedaulatan Kanada di wilayah Arktik menjadi perhatian utama dan juga kesejahteraan rakyat Kanada khususnya masyaakat Inuit di wilayah Arktik dan melestarikan lingkungan Arktik.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis will explore the factors that influenced the Canadian Government on the making of the Canadian Arctic Foreign Policy also known as Northern Strategy in the years 2009 2010. Seeing from the perspective of domestic context in foreign policy making, the central analysis will look on the Canadian Arctic policy itself. It is found that the perceived threat to Canadian sovereignty in its Arctic territory as the main concern in the making of the Canadian Arctic Policy, in addition of the welfare of Canadian citizens especially Inuit people in the Arctic and preserving the Arctic environment."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh efek alignment dan efekentrenchment kepemilikan keluarga dan efektivitas pengendalian internal terhadapbiaya audit (audit fee). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi generalised leastsquare (GLS). Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa dengan semakin tingginya hakarus kas pemegang saham pengendali, maka pemegang saham pengendali akanmemiliki insentif untuk menyelaraskan kepentingannya dengan kepentinganperusahaan, sehingga inherent risk dan biaya audit perusahaan akan menjadirendah. Penelitian ini juga membuktikan bahwa dengan semakin tingginyaperbandingan antara hak kendali dengan hak arus kas pemegang saham pengendali,maka pemegang saham pengendali akan memilih auditor berkualitas rendah untukmenutupi tindakan ekspropriasi yang mereka lakukan. Disamping itu, hasilpenelitian ini juga mengindikasikan bahwa dengan sistem pengendalian internalyang efektif, hal ini dapat menurunkan control risk dan biaya audit perusahaan.Penelitian ini memberikan implikasi bahwa pengungkapan audit fee olehperusahaan sangat penting untuk mengetahui inherent risk yang ditimbulkan dariadanya efek alignment dan efek entrenchment kepemilikan keluarga serta controlrisk yang ditimbulkan dari inefektivitas pengendalian internal.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate the influence of alignment effect andentrenchment effect of family ownership and internal control effectiveness on auditfee. This study use generalised least square (GLS) regression method. The result ofthis study prove that alignment effect and entrenchment effect of family ownershipand internal control effectiveness have a negative influence on the level of audit fee.This results indicate that companies actually will pay significant lower audit feesbecause of alignment effect between controlling shareholders and companyinterest. This study also shows that separation of ownership and control in acompany will make the company choose low quality auditors to hide theirexpropriation. Beside that, this study also indicates that lower control risk in acompany will turn to lower audit fees. This study implies the importance of auditfee disclosure to reflect inherent risk because of alignment and entrenchment effectand also control risk from internal control effectiveness"