Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Revitalisasi Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran Sebagai Upaya Terwujudnya Negara Maritim Indonesia (Kajian Yuridis Terhadap Hukum Positif di Indonesia), Dosen Pembimbing: Prof. Melda Kamil Ariadno, SH., LL.M., Ph.D. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan dan menganalisa materi muatan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran, mengetahui dan menganalisa masalah strategis terkait materi muatan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran, dan menganalisa dan mengkaji serta menemukan alternatif solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah strategis terkait materi muatan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan di dalam penulisan ini adalah metode yuridis normatif (normative legal research) dengan pendekatan yang berorientasi pada kebijakan (policy oriented approach) dan sekaligus pendekatan yang berorientasi pada nilai (value-oriented approach). Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis isi (content analisys) yaitu dengan mencermati substansi perundang-undangan dan berbagai doktrin, teori-teori Hukum dan melakukan interpretasi secara gramatikal, ekstensif dan analogi terhadap doktrin dan teori tersebut dalam mengkaji substansi Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2008 tentang Pelayaran. Berdasarkan pembahasan yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa UU Pelayaran menggabungkan 5 (lima) aspek yaitu kepelabuhanan, navigasi, hipotek atas kapal, keamanan dan keselamatan, dan pelayaran menjadi satu undangundang. Terkait dengan hal itu, terdapat berbagai permasalahan strategis terkait materi muatan UU Pelayaran, diantaranya yaitu inkonsistensi Pengaturan Kegiatan Pengusahaan di Pelabuhan, inkonsistensi Penerapan Asas Cabotage (dispensasi penggunaan kapal asing untuk kegiatan angkutan laut dalam negeri dan divestasi kepemilikan saham milik asing lebih dari 50% (lima puluh persen pada perusahaan pelayaran nasional), ketentuan penandatanganan perjanjian kerja laut multitafsir, belum terbentuknya badan penjagaan laut dan pantai (Sea and Coast Guard), lembaga pembiayaan atau perbankan asing tidak bersedia membiayai pengadaan kapal di indonesia, bertentangan dengan prinsip otonomi daerah, dan belum terbentuknya peraturan pelaksanaan UU Pelayaran. Adapun alternatif solusi yang dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah strategis terkait materi muatan UU Pelayaran yaitu dengan melakukan perubahan UU Pelayaran, baik secara keseluruhan maupun secara parsial, yaitu dengan cara Uji Materiil (Judicial Review) UU Pelayaran. Selanjutnya yaitu saran yang dapat diberikan oleh penulis terkait dengan hasil pembahasan dan kesimpulan adalah Pemerintah segera menerbitkan Peraturan Pelaksanaan dari UU Pelayaran, melakukan perubahan terhadap UU Pelayaran, dan selaku pembuat kebijakan (policy maker) khususnya dalam membuat kebijakan yang terkait dengan pelayaran lebih berpihak kepada pelaut dan perusahaan pelayaran nasional, serta tidak terpengaruh pada kepentingankepentingan di luar hukum seperti politik, ideologi, kepentingan golongan dan seterusnya.

---

Revitalization of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping In An Attempt to Create The Country of Indonesian Maritime (Juridical Study Concerning Positive Law in Indonesia). Promotor : Prof. Melda Kamil Ariadno, SH., LL.M., Ph.D. This research is intended to describe and analyze the provision under Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping as mentioned above. It is also intended to understand and analyze strategic problems regarding Act No. 17 Year 2008.

Furthermore it is also intended to analyze, review, and find an alternative solution which can eventually be used to sort out strategic problems regarding the provision or content of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping.

The research method used in this research is normative legal research by using policy oriented approach and value oriented approach. The method of data analysis used in this research is based on content analysis. It is conducted by examining the content of a number of legal rules, doctrines, legal theories. It is also conducted by doing gramatical and extensive interpretation as well as analogy concerning doctrines and theories as mentioned above in reviewing the content of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping. According to the research, Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping combines 5 aspects, namely port, navigation, mortgage on ships, safety, security, and shipping under single governing body of law. In that regard, there are a number of strategic problems regarding the content of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping. Among those examples are inconsistency concerning the rules of the activities of enterprise in port, inconsistency concerning the implementation of the principle of cabotage (dispensation on the usage of foreign ships for domestic shipping and divestment of foreign share ownership more than 50% (fifty percent on domestic shipping enterprise), multiple interpretations concerning the provision on the signature of work agreement, sea and cost guard have not been established, fund institution and foreign banks are not willing to fund ship procurement in Indonesia. Furthermore, the violation of the principle of regional autonomy, and the subsequent rules of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping has also not been issued. The alternative solution to resolve the issue concerning the strategic problems on the content of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping is by doing judicial review, either partially or entirely, on the content of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping.

My conclusion and recommendation of this research is that the government needs to issue the subsequent rules of Act No. 17 Year 2008 Concerning Shipping and as a policy maker, especially in the field of maritime and shipping matters, the government needs to be concerned more about sailors and national shipping enterprise. They are not supposed to be affected by political, ideological, and other non legal interests."

"ABSTRAKSalah satu kegiatan perdagangan internasional adalah ekspor-impor dimana kegiatan tersebut didasari atas kondisi bahwa tidak ada suatu negara yang benar-benar mandiri karena antara satu negara dengan negara lainnya membutuhkan dan saling mengisi dimana pengangkutan merupakan salah satu sektor penunjang guna terlaksananya kegiatan tersebut. Dalam hal ini, pengangkutan mempunyai peran yang sangat besar dalam kegiatan ekspor-impor. Peran pengangkutan, khususnya pengangkutan laut, dalam ekspor-impor bersifat mutlak karena tanpa pengangkutan, kegiatan ekspor-impor tidak mungkin dapat berjalan. Berbicara mengenai skema pengangkutan dalam perdagangan, Kamar Dagang Internasonal atau The International Chamber of Commerce ICC menerbitkan The International Commercial Terms atau lebih dikenal dengan istilah Incoterms. Ketentuan di dalam Incoterms menjelaskan tanggung jawab penjual dan pembeli untuk mengantarkan barang di bawah perjanjian jual-beli. Ketentuan-ketentuan tersebut menentukan peralihan biaya dan risiko bagi para pihak. Yang menjadi permasalahan adalah, adakah implikasi Incoterms itu sendiri terhadap pihak-pihak diluar dari ketentuan yang diatur dalam Incoterms? Mengingat jalur distribusi barang dalam kegiatan perdagangan tentunya melibatkan pihak ketiga di luar pihak penjual dan pembeli yakni pihak pengangkut. Dengan menggunakan metode yuridis-normatif, diketahui dalam hasil penilitian ini bahwa meskipun Incoterms hanya mengatur hubungan antara penjual dengan pembeli, namun memiliki keterkaitan dan implikasi yuridis dengan perjanjian pengangkutan dan juga tanggung jawab pengangkut.

---

ABSTRACTOne of the activities of international trade is import export which based on the condition that there is not a single country is completely independent due to one country is fulfilled and complented each other country. Regarding the implementation of export import, transportation is one of the supporting sector for the implementation of such activities. In this case, transportation has a massive role in import export activities. Tranportation in import export is essential, especially sea transport, because without transportation, those activities are unable to work. In international scope, the International Chamber of Commerce ICC has published The International Commercial Terms or well known as Incoterms. Incoterms rules define the responsibilites of buyers and sellers for the delivery of goods under contract of sale. They are the authoritive rules for determining how costs and risk are allocated to the parties. The question is, is there any implications to the parties outside the Incoterms rules Considering the third parties are certainly involved in distribution of goods in trade activities, i.e. carrier. The shape of this research is normative juridical which concluded that even though Incoterms are the rule only for seller and buyer, but it has relation and implications to the contract of carriage and also to the carrier liability."

"The law of the sea is an important area of international law which must be able to adapt to the changing needs of the international community. Making the Law of the Sea examines how various international organisations have contributed to the development of this law and what kinds of instruments and law-making techniques have been used. Each chapter considers a different international institution ? including the International Maritime Organization and the United Nations ? and analyses its functions and powers. Important questions are posed about the law-making process, including what actors are involved and what procedures are followed. Potential problems for the development of the law of the sea are considered and solutions are proposed. In particular, James Harrison explores and evaluates the current methods employed by international institutions to coordinate their law-making activities in order to overcome fragmentation of the law-making process. Provides a sustained case study of international law-making; Gives a detailed analysis of the functions and powers of various international organizations involved in maritime law and policy; Details some of the development in the law of the sea since the conclusion of the Law of the Sea Convention in 1982."