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"Design for Assembly (DFA) adalah salah satu sistem perencanaan perakitan, yang menganalisa desain komponen maupun produk secara keseluruhan, yang dimulai dari awal proses desain hingga menjadi produk yang dapat dipasarkan (marketable). Model perancangan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan sejumlah perubahan desain yang secara tidak langsung dapat mengurangi biaya dan waktu, sekaligus memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan danpengembangan produk vaccine carrierbox dengan mempertimbangkan metode Product Design dan Design For Assembly pada perancangannya. Dari hasil perancangan dan analisa DFA pada produkvaccine carrier box, didapat total waktu perakitan untuk desain awal adalah sekitar 519 detik dengan nilai efisiensi sekitar 18% sedangkan total waktu perakitan untuk produk redesain adalah sekitar 405detik dengan nilai efisiensi 24%.

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AbstractDesign for Assembly (DFA) is a model of assembling planning system that analyzed component design and overall product from beginning to be a marketable product. DFA is used to simplifie an assembling process and to reduce it?s cost to meet the consumer requirement. This research consist to analyze a design model of vaccine carrier box using the DFA and product design concept to reach a minimum production time and design efficiency.The results show that the assembling time can be reduce from 519 seconds to 405 seconds and the design efficiency increase from 18% to 24%.. This mean that the production cost can be minimize as well as the need of the market competitive."

"The transition within business from a linear to a circular economy brings with it a range of practical challenges for companies. The following question is addressed: What are the product design and business model strategies for companies that want to move to a circular economy model? This paper develops a framework of strategies to guide designers and business strategists in the move from a linear to a circular economy. Building on Stahel, the terminology of slowing, closing, and narrowing resource loops is introduced. A list of product design strategies, business model strategies, and examples for key decision-makers in businesses is introduced, to facilitate the move to a circular economy. This framework also opens up a future research agenda for the circular economy."

"Recent literature in automotive research indicates that studies of the environmental impact mostly concern metal-based components. Environmental effects are mainly analyzed using “environmental performance indicators” and “life cycle assessment” techniques. Therefore, a knowledge gap in the field of studying automotive plastic components should be conducted based on analyzing material and manufacturing processes selection at the design stage. The research is focused on a plastic component previously unexplored and analyzed using tools that have not been employed for this application. A computer-aided tool was used to model the part and its associated sustainability function was used to analyze its environmental impact. The component was analyzed using different materials and manufacturing processes, then redesigned to be more ergonomic. The improved component design was manufactured using rapid prototyping and a consumer preference survey was conducted to determine which component was preferred. The research found that by changing the material to high-density polyethylene there would be approximately a 30% reduction in carbon footprint, 24% reduction in air acidification, 26% reduction in water eutrophication and 15% reduction in total energy consumption. Injection molding is found to be the most sustainable manufacturing process."

"Biolistik adalah suatu metode drugs delivery system, yang sedang dikembangkan menjadi metode imunisasi massal sehingga mengarah ke pengembangan alat yang mendukung operator dalam menghasilkan transfer gen bermedia partikel secara berkelanjutan dan cepat, mekanisme pneumatik digunakan untuk memasukkan materi DNA yang melekat pada permukaan suatu microcarrier berupa partikel emas ke dalam sel atau jaringan makhluk hidup. Tube coater merupakan penempel microcarrier pada tube dengan panjang tertentu, agar menjadi sejumah tube terlapisi macrocarrier yang siap digunakan pada gen gun. Penerapan DFA mereduksi jumlah komponen sebanyak 133 komponen, waktu perakitan tereduksi 1246.12 s, dan meningkatnya DFA indeks sebanyak 30 %, menghemat Rp 78146,91.

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Biolostic is a drugs delivery system which developed as mass immunization so that leads to support the operator to provide continous and rapid particle mediated gene transfer, that use pneumatics mechanism to add DNA substances into living cells. Tube coater used to coating microcarrier at inner surface of a length of tube, in order to become a number of tube coated by microcarrier, that ready to use at gene gun device. From Design for Assembly (DFA) application, reduce 113 part count, 1246.12 s assembly time, and increase 30% DFA Index, reduce Rp 78146,91."

"Sepeda lipat adalah salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi masalah dalam membawa sepeda pada saat tidak dikendarai, sehingga sepeda dapat dilipat dengan ukuran seminimal mungkin tanpa mengurangi ukuran normalnya pada saat akan dipakai. Caranya adalah dengan merubah sistim rakitan rangkanya, yaitu dengan memberi atau memasangkan engsel pada rangka tersebut sehingga bisa dilipat pada saat dibawa dan diasembling kembali pada saat akan dipakai. Engsel dan rangka adalah bagian yang harus mendapatkan perhatian khusus dalam proses desain, proses asembling dan manufakturnya. Untuk itu harus diterapkan konsep Design for Manufacture dan Assembly (DFMA) pada proses produksinya, yang harus dilakukan dari awal design secara terintegrasi. DFMA merupakan gabungan dari Design for Assembly (DFA) dan Design for Manufacture (DFM). Hal tersebut bertujuan untuk mereduksi waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk memproduksi produk (waktu disain, manufaktur dan perakitan), sehingga jam kerja mesin, upah tenaga kerja, biaya energi listrik dan lainnya dapat direduksi sekecil mungkin. Dari penerapan DFA pada engsel yang diambil sebagai contoh maka didapat dari disain awal (sepeda yang sudah ada) jumlah komponen adalah 12 buah dengan waktu assembly 72,45 detik dan efisiensi assembly sebesar 41%. Tapi setelah dilakukan pengembangan disain jumlah komponen berkurang menjadi 7 buah, waktu assembly 33,1 detik dan efisiensi assembly 63 % dan bila DFA diterapkan pada seluruh engsel dan rangka maka waktu assembly total sebesar 795,1 detik Melalui pemilihan bahan dan proses didapat bahan untuk rangka adalah pipa baja karbon rendah (Mild Steel) dan untuk engsel dan sambungan lainnya juga dari baja karbon rendah (Mild Steel). Selanjutnya dari penerapan DFM pada proses pembuatan engsel dan rangka maka didapat waktu permesinan bubut 40,6 menit, milling 106,53 menit, press/punch 40,67 menit, bor 13,83 menit, las 15 menit, bending 6 menit, presstool 40,67 menit dan alat-alat bantu lainnya 90 menit. Bila nilai tersebut kalikan dengan harga yang berlaku dan ditambah biaya-biaya lainnya seperti biaya bahan, operator, listrik dan lain-lain, maka didapat harga pabrik sepeda lipat sebesar Rp 565.000,- (lima ratus enam puluh lima ribu rupiah).

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Folding bike is one of alternatif to solve the problems of carried the bicycle when we do not ride it, so that the bicycle can be fold in minimal size without lessening the normal size. We can change the assembling system of the frame and attached a hasp at the frame, so that frame can be fold when we carried and can be assembly when we want to ride it. Hasp and frame must be a special attention in the design process, assembly process and manufacture process. So, the Design for Manufacture and Assmbly (DFMA) system must be applied in the production process from the begining of design and that must be integrated each other. DFMA is a combination of Design for Assembling and Design for manufacture. The mentioned aims are to reduce the time required to produce the product (time for desain, manufaktur and assembling) So that, the machine hours, labour costs, energi costs and the other can be reduced. The aplication of DFA to hasp as a sample, old design consist of tweleve parts (compnents), assembling time is 72,45 second and design efficiency (Assembly index) is 41%. After re-design (Desing development) the hasp consist of 7 (seven) parts (components), assembling time is 33,1 second and design efficiency is 63%. If the DFA aplied to whole hasp and frame, teh assembling time 795,1 second. From selection of materials and prosesess, we got a Mild Steel for the tube (Material for frame), for the hasps and the other joint materials. In the aplication of DFM to hasp and frame manufacturing, the machining time for turning is 40,6 minute, milling is106,53 minute, press/punch is 40,67 minute, drilling is 13,83 minute, welding is 15 minute, bending is 6 minute, presstool is 40,67 minute and other supporting tools is 90 minute. If the cost of that value added by other cost like material cost, energy, operator and the other, the manufacturing cost of folding bike is Rp 565.000,-"

"Central gathering station 10 (CGS-10) menampung seluruh fluida dari beberapa sumur minyak. Incoming fluida di area CGS-10 saat ini sebesar 212.000 BOPD. Pada tahun 2030 akan dilakukan peningkatan produksi sebesar 312.000 BOPD. Beberapa skenario yang dilakukan menghasilkan kesimpulan performa heat exchanger sudah tidak normal karena temperature outlet maksimum fluida pada berbagai kondisi tidak mencapai 175°F. Setelah dilakukan penilaian kecukupan kapasitas pada fasilitas yang ada, perlu adanya penambahan heat exchanger. Pada praktik keinsinyuran ini, analisis mechanical design dilakukan berdasarkan datasheet proces dan penjadwalan proyek berdasarkan analisis material take off (MTO) pada pekerjaan konstruksi civil & piping, dibantu dengan software Microsoft Project yang mempermudah dalam pembuatan engineering, procurement & construction (EPC Schedule). Dari Praktik keinsinyuran ini didapatkan material Tubes SA 213 TP316L ; Tubesheet, Baffles/Tube Support & Floating Head Cover SA 240-316L ; Tie Rods & Spacers SS 316L ; Bolt & Nut SA-193-B7 & SA-194- 2H ; Shell & Shell Cover SA 516 Gr.70 ; Shell Flange SA 105 ; Channel/Bonnet, Channel Cover & Channel Flange SA 105 + SA 240-316L Clad. Jalur kritis pada aktivitas bidding process, project management & administration, engineering, procurement, heat exchanger installation, dan pre-commisioning & commissioning dengan total keseluruhan durasi proyek yaitu 543 Hari.

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Central gathering station 10 (CGS-10) accommodates all fluids from several oil wells. Incoming fluid in the CGS-10 area is currently 212,000 BOPD. In 2030, production will increase by 312,000 BOPD. Several scenarios carried out resulted in the conclusion that the heat exchanger performance was not normal because the maximum outlet temperature of the fluid under various conditions did not reach 175°F. After assessing the capacity adequacy of existing facilities, it is necessary to add a heat exchanger. In this engineering practice, mechanical design analysis is carried out based on process data sheets and project scheduling based on material take off (MTO) analysis in civil & piping construction work, assisted by Microsoft Project software which makes it easier to create engineering, procurement & construction (EPC Schedules). From this engineering practice, the material Tubes SA 213 TP316L was obtained; Tubesheet, Baffles/Tube Support & Floating Head Cover SA 240-316L ; Tie Rods & Spacers SS 316L ; Bolt & Nut SA-193-B7 & SA-194-2H ; Shell & Shell Cover SA 516 Gr.70 ; Shell Flange SA 105; Channel/Bonnet, Channel Cover & Channel Flange SA 105 + SA 240-316L Clad. The critical path includes bidding process, project management & administration, engineering, procurement, heat exchanger installation, and pre-commissioning & commissioning activities with a total project duration of 543 days."

"Salah satu aktivitas yang memegang peranan penting dalam menjamin kualitas packaging material yang akan dipakai pada proses produksi adalah aktivitas inspeksi. Dalam proses inspeksi selalu muncul situasi yang dinamis. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melakukan perancangan simulasi inspection plan aktivitas packaging material. Pemodelan simulasi dilakukan menggunakan software Plant Simulation. Model simulasi yang dibuat yaitu model simulasi dengan kondisi yang berjalan saat ini serta model dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan metode MIL STD 1916. Hasil penelitian ini adalah model dengan penentuan sampel yang berjalan saat ini, 1096 sampel bisa diselesaikan dengan 5 orang inspektor yang bekerja 1 shift. Sedangkan dengan penentuan sampel MIL STD 1916, 2120 sampel bisa diselesaikan dengan 6 orang inspektor yang bekerja 3 shift setiap hari.

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One of the main activity that has important impact to make sure packaging materials quality that would be used in production process is inspection activity. In the inspection process always appear dynamic situation. This study was conducted to simulate the design of packaging material inspection plan activity. Simulation modeling performed using the Plant Simulation software. The simulation model that created is a simulation model using current conditions and model with sample size using MIL STD 1916 method. Results of this study was to define model using the sample size current condition, 1096 samples could be completed by 5 inspectors who work one shift. While using the sample size MIL STD 1916 method, 2120 samples could be completed by 6 inspectors who work 3 shifts per day."

"This book showcases cutting-edge research papers from the 7th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD 2019) - the largest in India in this area - written by eminent researchers from across the world on design processes, technologies, methods and tools, and their impact on innovation, for supporting design for a connected world. The theme of ICoRD19 has been Design for a Connected World. While Design traditionally focused on developing products that worked on their own, an emerging trend is to have products with a smart layer that makes them context aware and responsive, individually and collectively, through collaboration with other physical and digital objects with which these are connected. The papers in this volume explore these themes, and their key focus is connectivity: how do products and their development change in a connected world? The volume will be of interest to researchers, professionals and entrepreneurs working in the areas on industrial design, manufacturing, consumer goods, and industrial management who are interested in the use of emerging technologies such as IOT, IIOT, Digital Twins, I4.0 etc. as well as new and emerging methods and tools to design new products, systems and services."