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"Indikator sasaran digunakan untuk mengukur suatu variabel sasaran yang tidak bisa diukur secara langsung dan tidak bisa diukur dengan skala likert. Salah satu cara membentuk indikator sasaran adalah proxy means test, yaitu membentuk indikator sasaran dari sejumlah variabel proxi yang berhubungan erat dengan variabel sasaran, mudah diukur, dan tidak bisa dimanipulasi. Salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam proxy means test, di mana variabel-variabel proxi merupakan variabel kategorik, adalah metode PRINCALS. Prinsip dari PRINCALS adalah kuantifikasi dengan teknik optimal scaling dan pembentukan sejumlah komponen dari variabel-variabel kategorik yang telah dikuantifikasi, di mana dilakukan secara iteratif dan simultan sehingga memaksimumkan total variansi variabel-variabel kategorik yang telah dikuantifikasi yang dicakup oleh sejumlah komponen utama. Indikator sasaran proxy means test berdasarkan metode PRINCALS dipilih dari beberapa komponen yang telah terbentuk sesuai kebutuhan peneliti.

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Target indicators are used to measure a target variable that can not be measured directly and can not be measured with a Likert scale. One way to form a target indicators are with proxy means test, which form the target indicator of the number of proxy variables which are closely related to the target variable, easily measured, and can not be manipulated. One of the methods used in proxy means test, in which the proxy variables are categorical variables, is the PRINCALS method. The principle of PRINCALS is the quantification with optimal scaling technic and establisment of components of categorical variables that have been quantified, which is done iteratively and simultaneously to maximize the total variance of categorical variables covered by a number of major components. Target indicators of proxy means test based on PRINCALS method are chosen from several components that have been formed according to the needs of researchers."

"Banyaknya konferensi menyulitkan peneliti memilih konferensi berkualitas. Kemungkinan peneliti tertipu dengan konferensi predator merupakan ancaman nyata yang perlu diperhatikan. Penilaian konferensi umumnya menggunakan pakar yang membutuhkan waktu dan biaya yang tinggi. Penelitian ini fokus untuk menganalisis jika h-indeks, impact factor, jumlah dokumen, dan SJR dapat menghasilkan penilaian kualitas yang sesuai dengan penilaian manual pakar dari beberapa situs penilaian konferensi serta membandingkan hasil performanya dengan penilaian jurnal. Data yang digunakan dikumpulkan dari empat sumber situs web yang mengkalkulasi kualitas konferensi luar negeri, yaitu CORE, ERA/QUALIS, AMiner, dan ScimagoJR. Data untuk penilaian jurnal didapatkan dari Guide2Research. Variabel yang digunakan untuk penilaian adalah h-indeks, jumlah dokumen, impact factor, dan SJR. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, dan Decision Tree (DT). KNN menghasilkan nilai akurasi tertinggi sebesar 72,22% dan f1 score senilai 63,06% menggunakan data Qualis dengan faktor h-indeks, IF, dan SJR.

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The number of conferences makes it difficult for researchers to choose quality conferences. The possibility of researchers being fooled by predatory conferences is a real threat that deserves attention. Conference assessments generally use experts who require time and money to evaluate the conferences. This study focuses on analyzing whether h-index, impact factor, number of documents, and SJR can produce quality assessments in accordance with expert manual assessments from several conference assessment sites and compare the resulting performance with journal assessments. The data used were collected from four website sources that calculate the quality of overseas conferences, namely CORE, ERA/QUALIS, AMiner, and ScimagoJR. Data for journal assessments were obtained from Guide2Research. The variables used for the assessment are h-index, number of documents, impact factor, and SJR. This research used K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, and Decision Tree (DT). KNN produced the highest accuracy value of 72.22% and the f1 score of 63.06% using Qualis data with the h-index, IF, and SJR factors."

"The aim of the Handbook of Social Indicators and Quality of Life Research is to create an overview of the field of Quality of Life (QOL) studies in the early years of the 21st century that can be updated and improved upon as the field evolves and the century unfolds.This book provides a review of the historical development of the field including the history of QOL in medicine and mental health as well as the research related to quality-of-work-life (QWL) programs. It discusses several of QOL main concepts, happiness, positive psychology, and subjective wellbeing. Relations between spirituality and religiousness and QOL are examined as are the effects of educational attainment on QOL and marketing, and the associations with economic growth. The book goes on to investigate methodological approaches and issues that should be considered in measuring and analysing quality of life from a quantitative perspective. The final chapters are dedicated to research on elements of QOL in a broad range of countries and populations."