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"Pemilihan Umum Indonesia (PEMILU), yang pertama kalinya diadakan dengan sistem proporsional terbuka, telah dilakukan pada Mei 2004. Wakil-wakil rakyat yang terpilih, telah disahkan dan diambil sumpahnya pada bulan Oktober 2004, 11% diantaranya adalah perempuan. Persentase Wakil perempuan di DPR periode 2004 - 2009 ini merupakan cerminan hasil affirmative action peningkatan keterwakilan perempuan di legislatf, yang mana KPPI (Kaukus Perempuan Politik Indonesia) sebagai salah satu aktor yang mengusung aksi tersebut. Studi inl menyoroti bagaimana peran KPPI dalam peningkatan partisipasi perempuan di politik. KPPI didirikan pada tahun 2000 oleh sejumlah perempuan yang sebagian besar politisi dari berbagai partai politik yang berbeda. Dengan bergabung menjadi anggota KPPI, para anggotanya sepakat untuk menanggalkan identitas kepartaian mereka dan bekerja secara bersama-sama untuk menggiatkan keterlibatan perempuan dalam dunia politik dan meningkatkan partisipasi dalam pembuatan kebijakan-kebijakan melalui badan legislatif di parlemen. Langkah pertama yang diambil adalah : terlibat dalam proses pembuatan peraturan dan Undang-undang No.12 Tahun 2003 tentang Pemilihan umum, khususnya menyangkut kuota perempuan. Dalam proses pembuatan undang-undang tersebut, KPPI bekerjasama dengan organisasi perempuan Iainnya bersamasama untuk memberikan tekanan kepada para anggota legislatif. Untuk menyetujui Pasal 65 ayat 1 bahwa Partai Politik diharapkan menominasikan perempuan sebanyak 30% sebagai talon anggota Iegislatif. Sebelum dan sesudah UU tersebut disahkan. para anggota KPPI secara pribadi atau kolektif bekerja untuk mempengaruhi berbagai kelompok kepentingan, khususnya parpol, dalam menerapkan kebijakan tersebut. Namun hasiinya masih jauh dari yang diharapkan. Hasil Pemilu Tahun 2004 menunjukkan UU tersebut belum sungguhsungguh mendukung perempuan berpolitik. UU tersebut hanya 'menominasikan' tapi belum membuka peluang perempuan untuk dapat terpilih. Berdasarkan basil Pemilu 2004, dapat dikatakan bahwa peran KPPI sebagai sebuah organisasi yang memperjuangkan keterwakilan perempuan di politik, belum terialu signifikan dalam mendorong gerakan politik perempuan, karena masih terjebak pada peran-peran sosial-nya. Di masa yang akan datang, dibutuhkan metodologi dan strategi yang matang untuk mencapai tujuan yang ada. KPPI adalah bagian dari gerakan perempuan dan telah menjadi salah satu organisasi kepimpinan untuk perubahan politik. Secara umum apa yang telah dan akan dilakukan KPPI harus dikaji dan dievaluasi kembali demi kiprah politik perempuan. Telah banyak aspek yang dicapai apalagi KPPI mempunyai mandat untuk itu. Temuan tesis ini adalah salah satu dari usaha peningkatan efektifitas kerja/peran kPPI.

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Indonesian first direct election has finished at May, 2004, where the elected Member of Parliaments (MP) has been legalized and take inauguration process in October 2004. Among the MPs, 11% of them are women. The Percentage of women repesentation in PR is a result from affirmative action increasing women in legisiatif, which KPPI (Kaukus Perempuan Politik Indonesia/Indonesia Women's Caucus for Politics) is one of the actor supported the action. This study focusing on how KPPI role to increase women participation in politics. KPPI was found in 2000 by women, mostly from different political party background. Joining KPPI, the member agreed to "unclothed" their party identity, and works together to encourage women to involve in politic, and to be more participate in policy making through legislative body in parliament. The first step was involved in the process of create regulation and law of election Law No.12/Th.2003, specially about women quotas. While the process, KPPI cooperate with other women's organization congregated to pressure the Legislative. In the Article 65 (1) which suggest the party to put at least 30% women in candidate list. Before and after the Law is being legalized, the KPPI members personally or collectively, work together to influence many alliances, especially in politic parties, in establishing that policy. But the outcome is still far from what is expected. The result of election 2004 shows that the Law did not really support women. The Law only "nominated" but not opening the opportunity for women to be elected. Based on the result of election in 2004, it can be said that the role of KPPI as an organization which fight for women's right in politic, has not been significant enough to encourage women's movement in politic, for they still trap in their social role. In the future, the methodology and well-form strategy is needed to reach the goal. KPPI is part of the women's movement and has been one of organization leader for political situation changes. In general, what has and will be done by KPPI must be examined and evaluated for the goodness of women in politic.There are many aspects to reach that goal and KPPI has a mandate to do it, one of which is to run the organization and continue:to urge the legislative member to give the best policy for women. This thesis is one of the effort to search and show all."

"ABSTRAKAlthough it has not yet reached an ideal composition, the adoption of a 30% quota of women in elections in Indonesia has increased the number of women in parliament, both at the central level (House ofRepresentative/DPR) and at the regional level (local legislative councils/DPRD). However, the issue of womens representation in parliament is not only a matter of representation based on sex, but also of substantive representation, where womens political agenda can be voiced. One of the concepts developed by feminist thinking is the concept of critical actors. This article seeks to explain how womens organizations and parliamentarians are critical actors that encourage womens involvement with parliament. This article explains how the involvement between womens organizations and parliament can strengthen the substantive representation of women in both the DPR and the DPRD. It is based on studies conducted on a model of strengthening the involvement of several womens organizations with the DPR and DPRD, which was developed by MAMPU and its partner organizations."

"ABSTRACTAlthough it has not yet reached an ideal composition, the adoptionof a 30% quota of women in elections in Indonesia has increased thenumber of women in parliament, both at the central level (House ofRepresentative/DPR) and at the regional level (local legislative councils/DPRD). However, the issue of womens representation in parliament is not only a matter of representation based on sex, but also of substantive representation, where womens political agenda can be voiced. One of the concepts developed by feminist thinking is the concept of critical actors. This article seeks to explain how womens organizations and parliamentarians are critical actors that encourage womens involvement with parliament. This article explains how the involvement between womens organizations and parliament can strengthen the substantive representation of women in both the DPR and the DPRD. It is based on studies conducted on a model of strengthening the involvement of several womens organizations with the DPR and DPRD, which was developed by MAMPU and its partner organizations."

"Penelitian ini mengenai sejarah dinamika gerakan mahasiswa Amerika serikat yang berlangsung sejak peristiwa gerakan Free Speech Movement (FSM) di Universitas California, Berkeley, sampai bubarnya organisasi gerakan mahasiswa radikal Students for Democratic Society (SDS). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan tahap-tahap dinamika gerakan mahasiswa yang dilatarbelakangi oleh kegelisahan mahasiswa terhadap kondisi sosial masyarakatnya, mulai dari masalah isu rasial, Perang Vietnam, sistem pendidikan yang teknokratik, hak kebebasan berpendapat yang terkekang, dsb. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penelusuran dokumen, masalah dan buku-buku di perpustakaan-perpustakaan sampai pada penulusuran sumber_sumber melalui internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinamika gerakan mahasiswa Amerika tersebut berlangsung melalui empat tahap, yakni tahap liberal di Universitas Berkeley, tahap radikal di Universitas Columbia, tahap transisi di Universitas Cornell, sampai dengan tahap anti-klimaks dan kemunduran yang ditandai oleh gerakan mahasiswa di Universitas Conell dan terpecah-belahnya kekuatan mahasiswa di tubuh SDS. Di mana masing-masing tahap gerakan mahasiswa ini mengandung unsur-unsur kemajuan dan kemunduran sekaligus"

"This article describes and analyzes the strategy and tactics organizing women of grass-root of levels conducted by NGOs. Through the cases of women empowerment of small enterprises (PUK), this article discloses the problems faced by women of small enterprises, and explains the weaknesses of the strategy on group development and people organizing. The writer thinks that empowering women of small enterprises should originate from the actual and real needs of them through small enterprises, place the group dynamics as the goal, and avoid the strategy that enables the enhancement of the elite levels."